Abstract: A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to the use of elemental or speciated iodine and bromine to control total mercury emissions.

Abstract: The invention is a device and method for purifying sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in flue gas with an electrolysis-chemical advanced oxidation enhanced ammonia method. The device includes a thermal activation reactor, ammonium hydroxide storage tank, absorption tower, electrolytic bath and crystallization separator. The method takes raw material part of an ammonium sulfate solution that is a reaction product of ammonia and sulfur oxide in flue gas, and an ammonium persulfate solution prepared by electrolysis of an electrolytic bath as an oxidant to enhance the efficiency of purifying sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in the flue gas with an ammonia method. A thermal activation reactor activates an ammonium persulfate containing solution to generate a strong oxidizing SO4.?, so that NOx and SO2 in the flue gas may be more efficiently converted into a product having higher solubleness for enhanced removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in the flue gas.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for treating an exhaust gas in a foreline of a substrate processing system are provided herein. In some embodiments, a method for treating an exhaust gas in an exhaust conduit of a substrate processing system includes: flowing an exhaust gas and a reagent gas into an exhaust conduit of a substrate processing system; injecting a non-reactive gas into the exhaust conduit to maintain a desired pressure in the exhaust conduit for conversion of the exhaust gas; and forming a plasma from the exhaust gas and reagent gas, subsequent to injecting the non-reactive gas, to convert the exhaust gas to abatable byproduct gases.

Abstract: At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a hydrogenated silane composition containing a cyclic hydrogenated silane having high storage stability. The at least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a hydrogenated silane composition, wherein a content ratio of a linear hydrogenated silane having Si atoms of 5 or less to a cyclic hydrogenated silane having Si atoms of 5 to 7 is 0.009 or less, wherein the cyclic hydrogenated silane comprises at least cyclohexasilane, and further comprises at least one cyclic hydrogenated silane having a branched silyl group selected from silylcyclopentasilane and silylcyclohexasilane, and wherein a content ratio of a total of the silylcyclopentasilane and the silylcyclohexasilane to the cyclic hydrogenated silane having Si atoms of 5 to 7 is 10 ppb or more on a mass basis.

Abstract: At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a hydrogenated silane composition containing cyclohexasilane of a cyclic hydrogenated silane having high storage stability. The at least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a hydrogenated silane composition, wherein a content ratio of normal hexasilane and silylcyclopentasilane to cyclohexasilane is 0.0020 or less on a mass basis.

Abstract: Sorbent components containing halogen, calcium, alumina, and silica are used in combination during coal combustion to produce environmental benefits. Sorbents such as calcium bromide are added to the coal ahead of combustion and other components are added into the flame or downstream of the flame, preferably at minimum temperatures to assure complete formation of the refractory structures that result in various advantages of the methods. When used together, the components reduce emissions of elemental and oxidized mercury; increase the level of Hg, As, Pb, and/or Cl in the coal ash; decrease the levels of leachable heavy metals (such as Hg) in the ash, preferably to levels below the detectable limits; and make a highly cementitious ash product.

Abstract: NOx abatement compositions have a formula MxCu1-xFe2O4, wherein M is a substitution metal cation that can be any of cobalt, nickel, and zinc; and x is greater than zero and less than one. Such compositions can serve as direct decomposition catalysts and/or passive adsorption/storage components. Methods for synthesizing the compositions include alkaline precipitation of solutions containing nitrate salts of copper, iron, and at least one of cobalt, nickel, and zinc.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for removing mercury, from a mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid. More specifically, the invention relates to a process for the removal of mercury from a mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid feed comprising the steps of: (i) contacting the mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid feed with a metal perhalide having the following formula: [M]+[X]? wherein: [M]+ represents one or more metal cations wherein the metal has an atomic number greater than 36; an atomic radius of at least 50 pm and a 1st ionization energy of less than 750 kJmol?1; [X]? represents one or more perhalide anions; and (ii) obtaining a hydrocarbon fluid product having a reduced mercury content compared to mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid feed.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein include a controller for a treatment system for lessening the hazard of effluents produced in a processing system.

Abstract: A used denitration catalyst is regenerated by means of a method comprising bringing the used denitration catalyst comprising titanium oxide as an essential ingredient into contact with a suspension of particles comprising manganese oxide, subjecting the resulting product to a liquid draining, and subjecting the liquid-drained product to a drying process, additionally, further comprising impregnating a solution comprising a compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of vanadium, molybdenum and tungsten into the denitration catalyst after the drying process, and subjecting the impregnated product to a drying treatment.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and system remove contaminants from a vapor. In an embodiment, a contaminant removal apparatus includes a vacuum box. The vacuum box is a vessel. The apparatus also includes a demister pad disposed in the vacuum box. A vapor is introduced to the vacuum box on an opposing side of the demister pad from a vapor exit from the vacuum box.

Abstract: A complex malodor removing equipment includes: a neutralizing module which dissolves a portion of malodor-causing substances, in malodorous gas introduced from malodor-producing equipment, in liquid water and removes same, which includes an acidity neutralizing module that introduces an alkaline substance from outside and removes an acidic malodor-causing substance from the malodor-causing substances, and an alkaline neutralizing module that introduces an acidic substance from outside and removes an alkaline malodor-causing substance from the malodor-causing substances, and which connects the acidity neutralizing module and the alkaline neutralizing module; and a balancing module which dissolves the remainder of the malodor-causing substances, in the malodorous gas introduced from the neutralizing module, in water and removes same, which includes an oxidation balancing module that introduces an oxidizing agent from outside and balances the malodor-causing substances, and a reduction balancing module that intr

Abstract: Sampling devices for mercury speciation protocols are described. Devices can be utilized to separate mercury species from one another as a sample diffuses through a sampling device. Methods can determine the presence or quantity of targeted mercury species in a fluid sample. The devices are passive sampling devices based upon diffusion gradient in thin film (DGT) passive sampling devices. Devices include a reactant component and a sequesterant component that selectively react with a targeted species and retain a species (or a reaction product of a species) of a sample flow. Remaining mercury species can optionally be captured downgradient, for instance at an ion exchange resin.

Abstract: Provided herein is a biological detection system and method of use wherein the biological detection system comprises at least one mixer or liquid bridge for combining at least two liquid droplets and an error correction system for detecting whether or not proper mixing or combining of the two component droplets have occurred.

Abstract: A method of providing highly reactive hydrated lime and the resultant lime hydrate where an initial lime feed comprising calcium and impurities is first ground to a particle-size distribution with relatively course particles. Smaller particles are then removed from this ground lime and the smaller particles are hydrated and flash dried to form a hydrated lime, which is then milled to a significantly smaller particle size than that of the relatively course particles.

Abstract: A class of water lean, organic solvents that can bind with various acid gasses to form acid gas bound molecules having a high degree of intramolecular hydrogen bonding which enables their use as regenerable solvents for acid gas capture. Unlike the other devices described in the prior art, the present invention takes advantage of shortened distances between the portions of the molecule that form hydrogen bonds within the structures when loaded with an acid gas so as to create a molecule with a higher internal bonding affinity and a reduced proclivity for agglomeration with other molecules.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the flue gas desulfuration field. Specifically, the present invention relates to a supported solid-phase catalyst for oxidizing the by-product magnesium sulfite in a magnesium desulfuration process, and to preparation method and use thereof. The catalyst uses an activated carbon particle as a support, and cobalt nitrate, manganese nitrate, copper nitrate and ferrous nitrate as catalytically active components. The preparation method is as follows: mixing the pre-treated activated carbon support with the catalytically active components, followed by oscillating, standing under microwave irradiation, filtrating, drying, baking, so as to obtain the supported solid-phase catalyst.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to the use of elemental or speciated iodine and bromine to control total mercury emissions.

Abstract: A process for improved real-time conflict identification and resolution, and information corroboration, during an interrogation relative to an incident includes capturing a first real-time digital audio or video stream from a first interviewee under interrogation by a first interviewer relative to an incident. The first real-time digital audio or video stream is converted to a first digital text string, which is then semantically processed to identify and store first information relative to the incident. Stored second information created via interrogation of a second interviewee under interrogation relative to the incident is accessed, and a conflict between the stored first information and the stored second information is identified. A visual or audio prompt is generated associated with the conflict and an indication of the conflict is played back via the visual or audio prompt to the first interviewer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an absorbent, an absorbent system and a process for removing acidic gas such as CO2 from exhaust gases from fossil fuel fired power stations, from natural gas streams, from blast furnace oven off-gases in iron/steel plants, from cement plant exhaust gas and from reformer gases containing CO2 in mixtures with H2S and COS. The liquid absorbent, a mixture of amine and amino acid salt is contacted with a CO2 containing gas in an absorber and CO2 in the gas stream is absorbed into the liquid. The absorbed CO2 forms more than one type of solid precipitate in the liquid at different absorption stages. In a first absorption stage solid precipitate of amine bicarbonate is formed and is withdrawn as slurry from the bottom of a first absorber section. In a second absorption stage solid precipitate of alkali metal bicarbonate is formed and withdrawn as slurry at the bottom of a second absorber section.

Abstract: A method for separating lighter components of a hydrocarbon product in a container tank includes introducing the hydrocarbon product into the container tank via an inlet located near or at the bottom of the container tank; routing the hydrocarbon product through a pipe-in-pipe conduit that is at least partially surrounded by a bulk fluid stored in the container tank; providing a vapor-liquid interface that allows efficient evaporation of the lighter components resulting in separation of the lighter components and a processed hydrocarbon product; and routing the processed hydrocarbon product into the annular space of the pipe-in-pipe conduit thereby thermally insulating incoming hydrocarbon product from the surrounding bulk fluid and eliminating or minimizing vapor liquid equilibrium shift of the incoming hydrocarbon product caused by increased head pressure and/or reduction in temperature of the incoming hydrocarbon product.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention pertains to a method of charging electric storage devices such as batteries. Another aspect of the present invention pertains to a system for charging electric storage devices such as batteries. Another aspect of the present invention pertains to a mobile apparatus for charging electric storage devices such as batteries.

Abstract: Ionization systems configured with a catalyst-bearing sleeve provide improved filtration while keeping ozone levels within acceptable limits. Modular configurations provide for serviceability and replaceability. System controls monitor particulates, temperature, humidity, and other relevant factors and adjust an ionization level accordingly for optimal performance.

Abstract: Sorbent components containing halogen, calcium, alumina, and silica are used in combination during coal combustion to produce environmental benefits. Sorbents such as calcium bromide are added to the coal ahead of combustion and other components are added into the flame or downstream of the flame, preferably at minimum temperatures to assure complete formation of the refractory structures that result in various advantages of the methods. When used together, the components reduce emissions of elemental and oxidized mercury; increase the level of Hg, As, Pb, and/or Cl in the coal ash; decrease the levels of leachable heavy metals (such as Hg) in the ash, preferably to levels below the detectable limits; and make a highly cementitious ash product.

Abstract: Ionization systems configured with a catalyst-bearing sleeve provide improved filtration while keeping ozone levels within acceptable limits. Modular configurations provide for serviceability and replaceability. System controls monitor particulates, temperature, humidity, and other relevant factors and adjust an ionization level accordingly for optimal performance.

Abstract: Ionization systems configured with a catalyst-bearing sleeve provide improved filtration while filtering ozone. Modular configurations provide for serviceability and replaceability. System controls may be used to monitor particulates, temperature, humidity, and other relevant factors and adjust an ionization level accordingly.

Abstract: A promoted carbon and/or non-carbon base sorbent are described that are highly effective for the removal of mercury from flue gas streams. The promoted sorbent comprises a carbon and/or non-carbon base sorbent that has reacted with and contains forms of halogen and halides. Optional components may be added to increase and/or preserve reactivity and mercury capacity. These may be added directly with the base sorbent, or in-flight within a gas stream (air, flue gas, etc.), to enhance base sorbent performance and/or mercury capture. Mercury removal efficiencies obtained exceed conventional methods. The promoted sorbent can be regenerated and reused. Base sorbent treatment and preparation methods are also described. New methods for in-flight preparation, introduction, and control of the active base sorbent into the mercury contaminated gas stream are described.

Abstract: Provided is an absorber that removes sulfur oxide in a flue gas with an absorbent, an absorbent storing unit that stores the absorbent that has absorbed the sulfur oxide, an oxidation-reduction potential meter that measures an oxidation-reduction potential of the absorbent in the absorbent storing unit, a reducing additive supplying unit that supplies a sulfur oxoacid reducing additive into the absorbent storing unit, and a control device that controls the reducing additive supplying unit based on a measured value of the oxidation-reduction potential of the absorbent measured with the oxidation-reduction potential meter, wherein the reducing additive supplying unit supplies the sulfur oxoacid reducing additive when the measured value of the oxidation-reduction potential has exceeded an upper limit of an appropriate range of the oxidation-reduction potential.

Abstract: A power module and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The power module comprises: a substrate, at least one power device, and an organic heat dissipating structure. The substrate has an upper surface and a lower surface. The organic heat dissipating structure comprises a plurality of organic heat dissipating protrusions and it is located on the upper surface side or the lower surface side of the substrate and configured to transfer heat generated by the power device outwardly.

Abstract: Disclosed in certain implementations is a catalysis composition that includes a metal catalyst and a support material impregnated with the metal catalyst.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment apparatus which includes a denitration device, a dust collector, and a desulfurization device in order, respectively, in a flow path of exhaust gas discharged from a boiler, wherein a heavy-metal component removal device is provided in the exhaust gas flow path between the dust collector and the desulfurization device. This device is provided with: an absorption tower including a nozzle which sprays acidic absorption liquid on the exhaust gas, a tank which stores liquid which has absorbed a heavy metal, and a pump which supplies the nozzle with the liquid in the tank; a neutralizing tank which neutralizes the liquid drawn from the absorption tower; and a separator which separates the neutralized liquid into a solid and a liquid component. Since a small amount of heavy metal can be removed in the absorption tower, re-emission of the heavy metal by the desulfurization device is prevented.

Abstract: A catalyst support material (D-CZMLA) with oxygen storage capacity corresponds to the formula vD:x(Ce1-wZrwO2):yM:zL:(1-v-x-y-z)Al2O3, wherein w is a molar ratio between 0.1-0.8 and v, x, y, and z are weight ratios, such that v is between 0.005-0.15, x is between 0.05-0.80, and y and z are between 0.001-0.10. M is an interactive promoter for oxygen storage, L is a stabilizer (L) for the Al2O3 support; and D is an oxidizing dopant. The catalyst support material can be incorporated into a wash coat that combines platinum group metals (PGM), an adhesive, and a mixture of (?)RE-Ce—ZrO2+(?)CZMLA+(1????)RE-Al2O3, wherein RE-Ce—ZrO2 is a rare earth element stabilized ceria zirconia having a weight ratio (?) between 0-0.7; CZMLA is the doped catalyst support material having a weight ratio (?) between 0.2-1, such that (?+?)?1; and RE-Al2O3 is rare earth element stabilized alumina having a weight ratio equal to (1????).

Abstract: Disclosed is a humidifying air cleaner comprising: a housing having an inner space and having a barrier member for delimiting the inner space; and a humidification unit installed on the housing to be arranged on the lower portion of the barrier member, wherein the barrier member has a first air inlet, behind which the humidification unit is arranged, and which is formed such that air flows into the humidification unit, and a second air inlet formed to be arranged above the first air inlet, and the barrier member is provided with a rib for increasing the amount of air flowing through the first air inlet.

Abstract: A process of treating a gas stream containing at least one mercury compound or species, the process comprising: applying a composition into said gas stream ahead of a particulate matter collection device, wherein said composition contains a compound having the following formula (SiO2)x(OH)yMzSaF, wherein (i) SiO2 is an optional component; (ii) M comprises at least one of the following metal or metalloid cations: boron, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, titanium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, palladium, silver, cadmium, tin, platinum, gold, and bismuth; (iii) S comprises a sulfur-based species selected from at least one of the following: sulfide salts, dithiocarbamates, polymer-based dithiocarbamates, and polysulfide salts; (iii) F is an optional component and if present comprises at least one of the following: a functionalized organosilane, a sulfur-containing organosilane, an amine-containing organosilane, and an alkyl-containing organosilane at a surface area co

Abstract: This invention is directed to methods and systems for controlling water in acid gas removal processes comprising the steps of a) treating the gas stream in an absorption zone with the NAS absorption liquid; b) direction the acid gas-loaded NAS absorption liquid to a regeneration zone; c) directing the regenerated NAS absorption liquid to step a); and d) controlling the first and second set of conditions.

Abstract: The present disclose is directed to a method for controlling iodine levels in wet scrubbers, and, in particular, recirculating wet scrubbers by removing the iodine from the scrubbing solution, such as by using ion exchange, absorption, adsorption, precipitation, filtration, solvent extraction, ion pair extraction, and an aqueous two-phase extraction.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to the use of elemental or speciated iodine and bromine to control total mercury emissions.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing an anode active material particle having good lithium ion conducting property and good formability. The method for manufacturing an anode active material includes a first step of making a carbon particle with pores have contact with an ionic liquid having a lithium ion conducting property, and making the ionic liquid flow into the pores, and a second step of washing the carbon particle after the first step, while leaving the ion liquid inside the pores.

Abstract: The present technology is generally directed to systems and methods for removing mercury from emissions. More specifically, some embodiments are directed to systems and methods for removing mercury from exhaust gas in a flue gas desulfurization system. In one embodiment, a method of removing mercury from exhaust gas in a flue gas desulfurization system includes inletting the gas into a housing and conditioning an additive. In some embodiments, conditioning the additive comprises hydrating powder-activated carbon. The method further includes introducing the conditioned additive into the housing and capturing mercury from the gas.

Abstract: A heat transfer fluid can be used as part of a multi-phase adsorption environment to allow for improved separations of gas components using a solid adsorbent. The heat transfer fluid can reduce or minimize the temperature increase of the solid adsorbent that occurs during an adsorption cycle. Reducing or minimizing such a temperature increase can enhance the working capacity for an adsorbent and/or enable the use of adsorbents that are not practical for commercial scale adsorption using conventional adsorption methods. The multi-phase adsorption environment can correspond to a trickle bed environment, a slurry environment, or another convenient environment where at least a partial liquid phase of a heat transfer fluid is present during gas adsorption by a solid adsorbent.

Abstract: Sorbent compositions containing iodine are added to coal to mitigate the release of mercury and/or other harmful elements into the environment during combustion of coal containing natural levels of mercury.

Abstract: A method of processing a reaction product generated from a plasma-based reactive process includes: supplying a first electromagnetic energy to a flowing primary gaseous feed material, such that at least a fraction of the flowing primary gaseous feed material is excited by the supplied first electromagnetic energy into a first plasma within a first plasma zone, and such that at least a fraction of the flowing primary gaseous feed material is converted to a first plasma zone-conditioned product while flowing through the first plasma and the first plasma zone-conditioned product is flowed to a downstream reaction zone. A second gaseous material is then introduced to the downstream reaction zone. The first plasma zone-conditioned product is contacted with the second gaseous material within the downstream reaction zone.

Abstract: A treatment process of a gas containing zero-valent mercury and a mercury separation system, by which the amount of an iodine compound used can be reduced when the zero-valent mercury is separated from the gas containing the zero-valent mercury by using the iodine compound. The process has a step of oxidizing the zero-valent mercury contained in the gas with a first liquid phase containing an alkali metal iodide, thereby obtaining a second liquid phase containing a divalent mercury ion and an iodide ion; a step of separating the divalent mercury ion as mercury sulfide by adjusting the pH of the second liquid phase; and a step of circulating a third liquid phase which is obtained by separating the mercury sulfide in the mercury separation step to use the third liquid phase as the first liquid phase in the mercury oxidation step.

Abstract: An electronics structure includes at least one barrier impermeable to fine particles, interposed between at least one Electrical and/or Electronics (“E & E”) system and the frame of the structure. The barrier delimits, with the frame and the E & E system, a first area isolated from the outside of the electronics structure. The structure makes it possible to isolate sensitive electrical and electronic components from fine particles such as dust dispersed outside the electronics structure.

Abstract: A method for treating powdered activated carbon (PAC) and/or coal combustion residues (CCRs) by heating at least one of a spent PAC and/or a CCR to separate at least one heavy metal from the at least one of the spent PAC and/or the CCR to create a clean stream and a heavy metal stream, combining the heavy metal stream with a water soluble alkaline-earth metal sulfide to create a combined stream, and removing at least a portion of the at least one heavy metal from the combined stream. The heating may further include heating the at least one of the spent PAC and/or the CCR in an inert atmosphere. Further, the combining may include combining the heavy metal stream with the water soluble alkaline-earth metal sulfide and a catalyst and/or a surfactant or hyperdispersant.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of removing sulfur oxides, mercury vapor and other contaminants from a flue gas stream and a flue gas treatment device comprising a sorbent polymer composite substrate comprising a high surface area support and a durable halogen source adjacent the sorbent polymer composite substrate. The halogen source comprises a compound with a quaternary ammonium halogen salt that is not washed away.

Abstract: A method of reducing hydrogen sulfide content in a medium is disclosed. The method may include the steps of contacting a medium containing hydrogen sulfide with an effective amount of hydrogen peroxide, contacting the medium with an oxidizing agent, converting the hydrogen sulfide to sulfate, and reducing the hydrogen sulfide content in the medium. The medium may be a gas or a liquid.

Abstract: Sorbent components containing halogen, calcium, alumina, and silica are used in combination during coal combustion to produce environmental benefits. Sorbents such as calcium bromide are added to the coal ahead of combustion and other components are added into the flame or downstream of the flame, preferably at minimum temperatures to assure complete formation of the refractory structures that result in various advantages of the methods. When used together, the components reduce emissions of elemental and oxidized mercury; increase the level of Hg, As, Pb, and/or Cl in the coal ash; decrease the levels of leachable heavy metals (such as Hg) in the ash, preferably to levels below the detectable limits; and make a highly cementitious ash product.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a carbon dioxide capturing system includes an absorber to discharge an absorption liquid having absorbed carbon dioxide, a regenerator to discharge the absorption liquid having released the carbon dioxide, a first line to introduce the absorption liquid discharged from the absorber to the regenerator, a second line to introduce the absorption liquid discharged from the regenerator to the absorber, and a heat exchanger to exchange heat between absorption liquids flowing in the first and second lines. The system further includes a bypass line to branch from the first line between the absorber and the heat exchanger and introduce the absorption liquid to the regenerator without passing through the heat exchanger, a valve on the bypass line, an instrument to measure a value indicating a state of the regenerator, and a controller to control a degree of opening of the valve based on the measured value.