Abstract: There is here disclosed a ladder polysilane represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein n is a positive integer, and R is a halogen atom, a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group or an alkoxy group having 20 or less carbon atoms, and the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkoxy group may contain a functional group such as --COOH, --SO.sub.3 H, --NH.sub.2, --NO.sub.2, --NCO, --F, --Cl, --BR, --I or --OH. In addition, a method for preparing the aforesaid ladder polysilane is also disclosed here.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of alkoxy, aryloxy, alkyl, and aryl cyclotetrasiloxanes from a metal silicate halide salt, Ca.sub.8 Si.sub.4 O.sub.12 Cl.sub.8.

Abstract: This invention relates to materials produced by diluting in a solvent a preceramic mixture of a hydrogen silsesquioxane resin and a metal oxide precursor selected from the group consisting of an aluminum alkoxide, a titanium alkoxide, and a zirconium alkoxide. The preceramic mixture solvent solution is applied to a substrate and ceramified by heating. One or more ceramic coatings containing silicon carbon, silicon nitrogen, or silicon carbon nitrogen can be applied over the ceramified SiO.sub.2 /metal oxide coating. A CVD or PECVD top coating can be applied for further protection. The invention is particularly useful for coating electronic devices.

Abstract: A process for preparing spheroid particles of oxide compounds, having an average diameter of smaller than 3 microns. An emulsion is prepared of a hydrolyzable liquid oxide compound in a perfluoropolyether, the emulsion is reacted with water, water vapor or with a mixture, in any ratio, of water with a liquid miscible or immiscible with water so as to form an oxide hydrate which is recovered dried and calcined. Oxide compounds include oxides of Ti, Al, Zr, Si or B.

Abstract: In producing zirconia powder by desiliconizing heat treatment of a mixture of zircon powder and a powdery carbon-containing material, optionally with addition of a zirconia stabilizing oxide such as calcia or yttria, in a nonoxidizing atmosphere the conversion of silica into SiO and dissipation of gaseous SiO are promoted and completed by performing the heat treatment under reduced pressure, viz. at a pressure not higher than 0.6 atm. Zirconia powder of very high purity can surely be obtained, even when a large batch of the raw material mixture is treated, by performing the reduced pressure desiliconizing heat treatment in two stages: first at 1200.degree.-1550.degree. C. until almost complete conversion of silica to SiO and then at 1550.degree.-2000.degree. C. The mole ratio of C to SiO.sub.2 in the raw material mixture must be 0.4-2.0. For further enhancement of purity, zirconia powder obtained by the desiliconizing treatment may be subjected to oxidation heat treatment.

Abstract: Ultrafine particles of ceramic or metallic material are obtained at low temperatures from a nitrate source capable of endothermic decomposition by molecularly combining under a nitrogen atmosphere the nitrate source with an inorganic reducing fuel compound, such as hydrazine, to provide a chemical precursor for the ceramic or metallic material and then exothermically decomposing the precursor in a controlled atmosphere by heating to a temperature up to about 200.degree. C. below the endothermic decomposition temperature of the nitrate source. The nitrate source is a metal nitrate or a mixture of nitrate salts. Ferrite particles are recovered when the nitrate source is a mixture of nitrate salts containing ferric nitrate in a 2:1 molar ratio with at least one additional metal nitrate.

Abstract: Thixotropic silicates and stable emulsions are produced by reacting a salt-forming compound such as mineral acids and a powdered natural silicate in a liquid organic compound. The thixotropic silicate such as minerals containing silicates may be utilized to produce stable organic compound-silicate emulsion, as an anti-sag material, as a filler and as a thickener. It may be further chemically reacted along with the organic compound to produce useful foams, resins, coating agents and fillers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the cleavage of chlorosiloxanes in the gas phase at temperatures between 350 and 1450.degree. C. to form chlorosilanes and silicon dioxide as reaction products. The claimed process is preferably performed in the presence of metallic silicon or ferrosilicon. The procedure can be combined with the large-scale technical production of chlorosilanes by the chlorination or hydrochlorination of silicon. The inventive process makes it possible to perform the chlorination or hydrochlorination of silicon with the formation of chlorosilanes in an increased yield while reducing the formation of by-products.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of alkoxysilanes and alkoxysiloxanes from a silicate material, and for the further conversion to organosilanes and organosiloxanes. Methods for the preparation of silicate starting materials are also disclosed.

Abstract: A new crystalline silicophosphoaluminate designated MCM-5 and having a particular crystal structure is provided. This crystalline material has ion-exchange properties and is readily convertible to catalytically active material.

Abstract: A process is provided for selectively recovering zinc from steel plant dust containing substantial amounts of iron. The process comprises atmospherically leaching the steel plant dust in a first stage wherein an amount of steel plant dust is mixed with an amount of acidic zinc sulfate solution to leach zinc therefrom, the leaching of the dust being such that the solution is controlled to a terminal pH ranging from about 2 to 3.5 and preferably from about 2.5 to 3.5, thereby limiting iron dissolution. The mixture is then subjected to a crude liquid/solid separation step whereby a thickened pulp is produced containing zinc and iron values and a separated liquid containing low iron and substantial amounts of zinc, the solution being sent to zinc recovery.

Abstract: Irradiation of a siloxane derives SiO at low temperatures and forms the basis for a closed cycle reforming the siloxane that decomposes water to produce H.sub.2 and O.sub.

Abstract: Crystalline sodium silicates having a sheet structure and an ion exchange capacity of 83-130 mmol of Na.sup.+ /mol of SiO.sub.2 are prepared by a method in which an aqueous reaction mixture which contains sodium silicate, has a molar ratio SiO.sub.2 /Na.sub.2 O of 3.9:1 to 15:1 and a molar ratio H.sub.2 O/(Na.sub.2 O+SiO.sub.2) of 3:1 to 80:1 and contains 0.01 to 30% by weight, relative to the amount of SiO.sub.2 in the reaction mixture employed, of seed crystals of the desired crystalline sodium silicate is prepared, the mixture is heated to temperatures of 160.degree. to 250.degree. C., the reaction is carried out at least until, in the X-ray diffraction pattern of a sample filtered off under suction and dried at 120.degree. C., the ratio of the intensity of the reflection at the interplanar spacing d.sub.1 =(20.+-.2).multidot.10.sup.-8 cm to the intensity of any reflection present at the interplanar spacing d.sub.2 =(15.5.+-.1.5).multidot.10.sup.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a crystalline sheet-type alkali metal silicate in an aqueous medium is described, in which an acidic compound is added to an amorphous alkali metal silicate, or an alkali metal silicate dissolved in water, having a molar ratio M.sub.2 O/SiO.sub.2 (M=alkali metal) of 0.24 to 2.0, in an amount such that a molar ratio M.sub.2 O (unneutralized)/SiO.sub.2 of 0.05 to 0.239 is obtained. If required, the molar ratio SiO.sub.2 /H.sub.2 O is adjusted from 1:5 to 1:100 by dilution, and the reaction mixture is kept at a reaction temperature of 70.degree. to 250.degree. C. until the sheet-type alkali metal silicate has crystallized out.

Abstract: A purifier for purifying a raw material gas for use in manufacturing semiconductor devices is formed by a hydrogenated amorphous substance of an element selected from a group consisting of Si, Ge, P and As whose hydride gas is used as the raw material gas. This purifier is used for purifying the raw material gas to be purified in such a manner that the raw material gas is brought into contact with the purifier comprising the hydrogenated amorphous substance which is maintained at a temperature a little lower than the decomposition temperature of the raw material gas to efficiently remove the small amount of oxygen from the raw material gas.

Abstract: Provided is an olefin-polymerization catalyst comprising the combination of the following components [I] and [II]:[I] a solid component obtained by intercontacting and reacting the following components (1) through (4):(1) a compound obtained by treating an oxide of an element of Groups II-IV in the Periodic Table with a compound represented by the general formula R.sup.1.sub.m Si(OR.sup.2).sub.n.sup.X.sub.4-m-n wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbon radical containing oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen, or hydrogen, X is a halogen atom, m is 0.ltoreq.m<4 and n is 0.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.4, provided 0.ltoreq.m+n.ltoreq.4,(2) a reaction product obtained by the reaction of a magnesium halide and a compound represented by the general formula Me(OR.sup.3).sub.n.sup.X.sub.z-n wherein Me is an element of Groups I-VIII in the Periodic Table, with the limitation that silicon, titanium and vanadium are excluded, R.sup.

Abstract: A process for the polymerization of ethylene using as the catalyst a novel solid catalytic complex comprising Mg, Si, and either Ti or V. An organoaluminum co-catalyst is also employed. The novel catalytic complex is prepared by a process which comprises:(a) reacting a silanol having the formula ##STR1## where R, R' and R" can be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms or phenyl or substituted phenyl where such substituents have from one to three alkyl groups, and alkyl group having from one to four carbon atoms and where R" can additionally be selected from --OH, with a magnesium dialkyl where each alkyl group can have from one to 12 carbon atoms to form a first reaction product;(b) reacting said first reaction product with trichlorosilane to form a second reaction product; and(c) reacting said second reaction product with a metal compound having the formula:MeX.sub.

Abstract: A finely divided silicic acid simultaneously suitable as a filtering auxiliary and as a beer stabilizing agent in the filtration of beer. The acid is particulate, and the particles are of an essentially spherical or spheroidal shape with SiO.sub.2 content of at least 95% and an Na.sub.2 O content of less than 0.25%.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium oxide based amorphous material having a composition included in a region defined by lines connecting points A, B, C and D in the composition diagram of the ternary system of Li.sub.2 O.SiO.sub.2.P.sub.2 O.sub.5 shown in FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings. This amorphous material can be formed by performing sputtering by using as a target a mixture of a lithium silicate/lithium phosphate composition and LiO.sub.2. This amorphous material is excellent in the ionic conductivity.

Abstract: A method for preparing cyclotetrasiloxane, aliphatic chlorides and/or acyl chlorides from a cyclotrisiloxane, a chlorosilane and an acyloxy compound is disclosed. The chlorosilane and the acyloxy compound may be present as substantially equimolar amounts of separate compounds or they may be present in the same molecule in equimolar amounts. The reactants are merely heated sufficiently, with or without a soluble halide salt catalyst, to form the products. Advantageously this method can provide cyclotetrasiloxanes having water-sensitive radicals such as silicon-bonded chlorine atoms and/or silicon-bonded acyl chloride radicals. This method also provides a method for preparing cyclotetrasiloxanes having either one type of siloxane unit (non-mixed cyclotetrasiloxanes) or more than one type of siloxane unit (mixed cyclotetrasiloxanes).

Abstract: A method for preparing cyclotetrasiloxane, aliphatic chlorides and/or acyl chlorides from a chlorosilane and an acyloxy compound is disclosed. The chlorosilane and the acyloxy compound may be present as substantially equimolar amounts of separate compounds or they may be present in the same molecule in equimolar amounts. The reactants are merely heated sufficiently, with or without a soluble halide salt catalyst, to form the products. Advantageously this method can provide cyclotetrasiloxanes having water-sensitive radicals such as silicon-bonded chlorine atoms and/or silicon-bonded acyl chloride radicals.

Abstract: An atmospheric moisture curable coating composition containing an organosilicate having a plurality of atmospheric moisture hydrolyzable alkoxy group-to-silicon bonds and about 1% to about 50% by weight of organosilicate of a 1,3-oxazolidine curing agent, and method for curing same.

Abstract: Phosphosilicate compositions are disclosed for treating foundry molds and like products to enhance mold strength and refractoriness. The phosphosilicates, characterized more specifically as silicyl metaphosphates, may be used in combination with select refractory aggregates and other additives to form mold surface treating compositions, or may be combined directly with foundry sand or other comminuted refractory material for compacting into a mold form.

Abstract: A new porous zeolite, a method of making same and the use thereof in catalytic conversion of organic compounds. The new product has a composition, expressed in terms of moles of anhydrous oxides per 100 moles of silica as follows:(0-2.5)M.sub.2 /nO: (0-2.5)Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : (100)SiO.sub.2wherein M is at least one cation having a valence n and wherein the zeolite is characterized by the distinctive X-ray powder diffraction pattern as shown in Table 1 herein. The new zeolite is prepared from a reaction mixture comprising a source of silica, a source of organic compounds of Group VB, alkali metal cations, water and with or without a source of alumina.

Abstract: A method of preparing zeolite ZSM-5 type crystals and mixtures thereof which comprises crystallizing the substantially pure zeolite material from a silica and, optionally, alumina gel mixture in the presence of an alkylammonium-N-oxide cation, and the products produced thereby.

Abstract: A new and useful method for preparing synthetic zeolite ZSM-39 is provided. This new method comprises synthesizing zeolite ZSM-39 in the presence of pyrrolidine as a template rather than the template of a tetraethylammonium cation or n-propylamine.

Abstract: Particulate, porous, water-insoluble amorphous poly(silicic acid) which is characterized by an average pore diameter of at least 100 A and a surface area of 500 to 850 m.sup.2 /g, by an average pore diameter of 50 A to about 300 A and a surface area of greater than 850 m.sup.2 /g, or by a pore volume of 1.5 ml/g to about 8.5 ml/g and a surface area of greater than 850 m.sup.2 /g; process for preparing particulate, porous, water-insoluble, amorphous poly(silicic acid) by acidifying an appropriate aqueous silicate solution, allowing the silicic acid thus formed to polymerize to poly(silicic acid), freezing the acidified solution, and thereafter thawing the acidified solution and isolating therefrom, washing, drying and recovering particulate poly(silicic acid), said process further characterized in that:(a) the amount of silicate in the aqueous silicate solution is such that the SiO.sub.

Abstract: A new crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite product is provided having a structure intermediate that of ZSM-5 and ZSM-11, having a characterizing X-ray diffraction pattern and having a unit cell parameter of at least about 40 Angstroms. There is also provided a method for synthesizing the new zeolite and a process for using the same as a catalyst in effecting conversion of organic compounds.

Abstract: Dry granular silicon acid, an organic polyol and a silicon tetrahalide are mixed simultaneously to produce an organic halosilicon acid resinous product.

Abstract: Silicon halides will react chemically with polyols to produce polyol silicate resinous products which will react chemically with polyisocyanates to produce polyisocyanate silicate solid or cellular solid products.

Abstract: Phenol compounds and fine granular silica will chemically react to produce phenol silicate compounds when heated in an aqueous solution with a suitable alkali catalyst. The phenol silicate compounds are then reacted with an aldehyde, epoxy and polyisocyanate compounds to produce resinous products.

Abstract: Dry granular hydrated silica is mixed with silicon tetrahalides, and they react chemically to produce a mixture of halosilicon acids.

Abstract: Mechanical components such as dies and crucibles, which come in contact with a silicon melt during the formation of single crystalline shaped silicon particles, e.g. thin sheets or ribbons, are coated with silicon oxynitride deposited by chemical vapor deposition techniques.

Abstract: Phenol compounds and silicoformic acid will chemically react to produce a phenol silicoformate when heated with a suitable alkali catalyst. The phenol silicoformate compounds are then chemically reacted with an aldehyde to form a condensation product.

Abstract: A mixture containing silicoformic acid and hydrated silica and epoxy compounds are reacted to produce epoxy silicoformate and silicate compounds and polymers, when mixed together in the presence of a suitable catalyst.

Abstract: Hydrated silica and/or silica are reacted chemically with an alkali metal cyanide in a ratio of about 1 mol of hydrated silica or silica to about 1 to 2 mols of the alkali metal cyanide silicate compounds.

Abstract: Silocoformic acid is reacted chemically with hydrogen cyanide to produce silicoformic cyanide and silicoformic dicyanide.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for making vitreous silica of high purity including producing a melt of liquid silicon in a first chamber, mixing the liquid silicon with carbon dioxide in an upper zone of a second chamber to produce silicon monoxide, mixing the silicon monoxide with oxygen in a lower zone of the second chamber producing silicon dioxide in gaseous form, condensing the silicon dioxide on the wall of the second chamber, and withdrawing the resultant tube of vitreous silica from the lower end of the second chamber. The apparatus is lined with silica to prevent introduction of impurities. The liquid silicon is produced by mixing hydrogen and trichlorosilane.

Abstract: Silicic acid and epoxy compounds are reacted to produce epoxy silicate compounds, and polymers, when mixed together in the presence of a suitable catalyst.

Abstract: Phenol compounds and silicic acids will chemically react to produce a phenol silicate when heated with a suitable alkali catalyst. The phenol silicate compounds are then chemically reacted with an aldehyde to form a condensation product.

Abstract: Silicoformic acid is reacted with an alkali metal cyanide, in a ratio of about 1 mol of the silicoformic acid to about 1 to 2 mols of the alkali metal cyanide to produce corresponding substituted silicoformic cyanides and dicyanides.

Abstract: Silicon oxynitride, Si.sub.2 ON.sub.2 is made, without the need for a catalyst such as CaO, by heating a mixture of powdered silica and silicon in an inert atmosphere at a temperature below the melting point of silicon, and subsequently nitriding the mixture to form silicon oxynitride with minimal silicon nitride contamination.

Abstract: A process for preparing monosilane and low silane esters thereof which comprises contacting a hydrogen silane ester of the formula H.sub.x Si(OR).sub.4.sub.-x, wherein R represents an alkyl or alkoxyalkyl moiety and x is 1, 2 or 3, with a catalyst of an element of the first group and/or the second or third main or secondary group of the periodic system or iron or manganese or and organic nitrogen compound under distillation conditions and recovering a product having the formula H.sub.x.sub.+1 Si(OR).sub.4.sub.-x.sub.-1 and/or a product of the formula H.sub.x.sub.-1 Si(OR).sub.4.sub.-x.sub.+1.

Abstract: Porous silicic acid having a specific surface of about 50 to 1000 m.sup.2 /g and having an anion content below the chemically determinable limit of detection is made by hydrolyzing methyl or ethyl silicate or polymethyl or polyethyl silicate with about 70 to 120% of the stoichiometric amount of water with moderate stirring.Hydrolysis activators such as acids or bases may be present as well as alcoholates of oxides of transition metals which then appear in the end product. Alcohol may also be present to facilitate hydrolysis.The products are characterized by marked purity and their specific surface can be closely and reproducibly controlled.

Abstract: Process for dehalogenation of particulate compositions containing halide impurities including metallic oxides and metallic halides such as metallic fluorides to produce metallic oxides by contacting the compositions in a heated atmosphere containing vaporized alcohol. A second gas including inert gases and active dehalogenating gases can be mixed with the vaporized alcohol. A preferred practice has agitation of the particulate compositions containing halide impurities during the dehalogenation process. The metallic oxide produced by dehalogenation can be freed from any hydrocarbon residues where desired by a subsequent heating step in a reducing atmosphere. The halide ions from the dehalogenation can be recovered as an acid by passing the dehalogenation atmosphere through water. A preferred practice of this invention uses propyl alcohol as no hydrocarbon residues are found in the dehalogenated powder.

Abstract: A dry alkaline earth metal metasilicate or an alkali metal metasilicate is chemically reacted with a concentrated mineral acid in the ratio of 1:3 mols to produce silicoformic hydrogen salts and an alkali hydrogen salt. The silicoformic hydrogen salt is washed with water then filtered to remove the salt and mineral acid, thereby producing silicoformic acid.

Abstract: Silicoformic acid granules will go into solution when mixed in a dilute aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkali metal salt of a weak acid.

Abstract: A dry alkaline earth metal metasilicate or an alkali metal metasilicate is chemically reacted with a concentrated mineral acid or an alkali metal hydrogen salt to produce silico-formic acid and a salt. The silico-formic acid is washed with water to remove the salt, washed with an alkali metal carbonate solution, filtered, then air dried.

Abstract: An acidic solution of silico-formic acid is obtained by adding a solution of silico-formic acid in a dilute alkali metal hydroxide solution or an alkali metal silico-formate solution slowly into an acid solution. The pH must remain below 5.

Abstract: A finely divided silicic acid simultaneously suitable as a filtering auxiliary and as a beer stabilizing agent in the filtration of beer. The acid is particulate, and the particles are of an essentially spherical or spheroidal shape with SiO.sub.2 content of at least 95% and an Na.sub.2 O content of less than 0.25%.