Abstract: A simulated rock and a method of producing it, using Portland Cement, Bentonite or lime, polystyrene, and water. Ground polystyrene is mixed with cement, Bentonite or lime, and water, to form a settable cement formulation which is poured into removable forms. Reinforcing members are included in the mold, and a lifting hook is provided for later lifting and transporting of the resultant simulated rock. One or more base coats can be applied using a different formula, and a color coat can be applied. The method is use for making landscaping rocks, rock fountains, stone barbecues, light pillars, planters, room dividers, artificial masonry panels, and any structure which uses rocks or masonry.

Abstract: The present invention provides a floor patching and leveling compound ingredient which provides a desired, smooth finish for a floor surface, the resultant floor and a method of making the same. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the component includes about by weight of a dispersing agent, about 0.5 to 1.0% by weight of an alkali tartrate, and about 0.8 to 1.3% by weight of an alkali carbonate with this component being employed in the mortar in a proportion of about up to 6% of the mortar on a weight basis.

Abstract: Compositions and methods relating to cementitious compositions are provided. The addition of an amidoamine that is the reaction product of polyalkylenepolyamines and short-chain alkanedioic acids or reactive derivatives thereof to cementitious compositions has been found useful in inhibiting the corrosion of ferrous metal articles in contact with said composition. The amidoamine is advantageously employed in combination with a hydrophobe compound that enhances corrosion inhibition. The invention also provides aqueous emulsions which contain the amidoamine, one or more hydrophobes, and an emulsifier for the hydrophobe.

Abstract: A method of making a multiple-layer article having a surface application material effectively bonded to an injection molded plastic member is provided along with a method for making same. At least a portion of an intermediary substratum is located inside a mold cavity during injection of a plastic injection material where the plastic injection material contacts and becomes partially absorbed into a first side of the intermediary substratum. The plastic member and the intermediary substratum are then removed from the mold cavity, and the surface application material is applied to a second side of the intermediary substratum where the surface application material becomes partially absorbed into the second side of the intermediary substratum.

Abstract: A thermal insulation is produced by forming aerogels interstitially within a fiber matrix. The resulting composite structures have substantially no fiber--fiber contacts. The insulating product is made by impregnating the fiber matrix with an aerogel forming precursor and supercritically drying the aerogel precursor under pressure. Drying is conducted prior to aging of the aerogel precursor.

Abstract: A method for providing improved adhesion of a waterborne, inorganic barrier coating to polyolefin substrate is described. The method involves corona-treatment of the substrate and applying a barrier coating composition.The polyolefin substrate is coated with an acrylic primer layer and then an inorganic barrier layer of a copolysilicate of lithium and potassium is applied.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for encapsulating lead paint on a surface comprises the steps of applying a glass mesh to the surface containing the lead paint and applying an encapsulating mixture in a continuous layer over the glass mesh and to the encapsulated lead paint surface. The invention completely seals and encapsulates the lead paint and has significant structural integrity to prevent exposure to lead paint.

Abstract: A blend of bonding polyester with an acid resistant polyester and heat dispersant filler providing a liner especially suitable for concrete structure subjected to acidic environments. The blend can also be used in combination with aggregate or fibers to be extruded or molded into articles which are substitutes for conventional concrete.

Abstract: An inorganic board consisting of an inorganic base layer formed by a paper making method and an inorganic surface layer formed by the dry method on said inorganic base layer is provided in the present invention. A synthetic resin emulsion and/or a rubber latex is coated on and permeates said inorganic base layer so as to supply the water to said inorganic surface layer and improve the delamination strength between said inorganic base layer and said inorganic surface layer.

Abstract: A method of applying a smooth thin waterproof coating on engineered particleboards including oriented strand boards, thereby permitting the use of such boards for applications wherein the boards are exposed to moisture, including, for example, foundation forms, roof sheathing, basement walls, etc. The method of this invention includes applying a thin liquid cementitious coating on a surface of an engineered particleboard having a moisture content preferably less than three percent, wherein the cementitious coating fills the interstices between the particles and coats the surface. The cementitious coating is then dried and the surface is abraded to receive a thin liquid curable polyurethane coating over the cementitious coating. Finally, the exposed surface of the polyurethane coating is heated to remove surface imperfections and cure the polyurethane coating.

Abstract: Fiber-reinforced geopolymeric resin having a mole ratio of SiO.sub.2 :Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 of at least equal to 6, and preferably at least equal to 10, adheres well to both concrete and steel, and is used to protectively cover infrastructures formed of steel-reinforced concrete and the like.

Abstract: A method for increasing resistance to damage of a building wall due to wind, water, fire and seismic events including the steps of covering the wall with a fiberglass mat wherein the mat and wall are coated with a prime coat followed by a finish coat laced with cement-sand mixture. Special methods of preparing the base surface of the wall depend on the nature of the wall, be it plywood, gypsum, stucco or concrete. The system is applicable to a vertical wall or floor. Special steps are taken to augment various selected properties of the wall such as increasing shear strength and abrasion resistance.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of producing a composite material. The method comprises subjecting a surface of a polyolefin component comprising a polyolefin material to surface activation thereof, followed by the step of adhesively securing together the polyolefin component and a substrate component. The substrate component is selected from cementitious components and metal components, and the securing takes place at the activated surface of the polyolefin component. The invention also extends to a composite material comprising a polyolefin component and a substrate component adhesively secured together. The substrate component is selected from cementitious components and metal components. The components are secured together at a surface of the polyolefin component which is activated.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for applying mortar to the underside of a building block to be laid so that the mortar to be applied is automatically conveyed upwardly from a mortar supply container into a mortaring region where it is applied to the underside of the building block. The mortar can be sprayed onto the building block or applied thereto by a rotating coating roller, thereby automating the application of mortar and also reducing the consumption thereof.

Abstract: A metal substrate such as bare or anodized aluminum or an aluminum alloy having an inorganic white paint thermal control coating on the substrate, said coating having low solar absorptance and high infrared emittance, such as a potassium silicate binder having zinc oxide particles distributed therein, and a fluoropolymer topcoat such as polytetrafluoroethylene on the inorganic white coating, the topcoat having substantially no significant effect on the optical properties of the thermal control coating and having substantial adhesion to such coating and improved resistance to darkening under ultraviolet exposure in the outer space environment.

Abstract: A cement composition comprising fine aggregate, preferably sand, in an amount of about 10 to about 25 wt %; blast furnace slag cement, in an amount of about 20 to about 35 wt %; gypsum, in an amount of about 20 to about 35 wt %; Portland cement, in an amount of about 4 to about 30 wt %; and cement plasticizer in an amount of about 0.3 to about 3 wt %. The dry cement composition may be formulated with aggregate and water to prepare a flowable liquid, self-leveling and self-smoothing coating material that may be applied to a substrate such as a floor substrate. The applied coating requires no manual finishing or smoothing, yet hardens to form a level, very smooth coating that possesses excellent compressive strength.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the protection of active reinforcements embedded in a concrete mass against the effects of oxidation, said reinforcements being possibly in the form of a bunch of cables or strands arranged in a sheath, providing also the possibility to detect imperfections of the injection grout such as voids or porosity, wherein at least one channel is first drilled in the concrete mass opening in front of the reinforcements which have to be protected, whereafter a corrosion inhibiting solution is injected into the said channel while applying a high power pulsating wave to the said solution to make it penetrate and each channel is occluded.

Abstract: Solution and process for cleaning and conditioning marble and similar substances whereby a first mixture formed from zinc sulfate solution, an abrasive, and a thickener is used to mechanically and chemically clean and prepare the marble for the reception of a second aqueous solution formed of fluorosilicates of the group consisting of the alkaline earth metals and zinc, and a monocarboxylic aliphatic organic acid, such as acetic, and a third mixture formed by the addition of fumed silica and an organic filler such as acrylic or shellac to the second aqueous solution. The first mixture is applied with buffing means, completely flushed with water, and removed. The second solution is applied and partially removed with buffing means, and the third solution is applied and partially removed in the same manner. As a result of these steps, the surface of the treated substance is given a brilliant glass-like finish with increased surface traction.

Abstract: A rotating gate feeder (1) for feeding substantially particulate material comprises a housing (2) and a rotor (3) and also an end cap (8) at each end of the housing. The invention is characterized in that a wear-resistant coating (6) is cast directly on to the inner wall (14) of the housing which faces towards the rotor (3). The inner wall (14) of the housing functions as an outer mold and a purpose-adapted core (15) is used as an inner mold. The housing (2) may be provided at certain points with release zones on the inner walls (14) which face towards the cast wear-resistant coating (6). One or more wear members (12) having greater wear resistance than the molding compound may be embedded therein.

Abstract: A geosynthetic clay liner with a low permeability or controlled permeability intermediate sheet is provided. The liner includes two outer sheets with two layers of bentonite and an intermediate sheet disposed therebetween. The intermediate sheet may be rippled or deformed to enhance the structural stability of the liner. The intermediate sheet may be chosen from a material with low or ultra-low permeability characteristics or may be chosen from a material with controlled or directional permeability characteristics.

Abstract: An ornamental coating and process for applying the coating to a substrate includes mixing a first batch of liquid mortar composed of sand, cement and an aqueous solution of acrylic resin, and trowelling or spraying a first layer of the liquid mortar onto the substrate and allowing the liquid mortar to cure. A second batch of liquid mortar is mixed which is the same as the first except that it contains a color pigment contrasting with the color of the first batch. A template defining a pattern of grout lines is placed over the cured first batch and the second batch of liquid mortar is trowelled or sprayed over the first batch and the template as a second layer and allowed to cure only to the extent that the second layer is firm, but not hard. The template is then removed, removing any part of the second layer immediately above the template thus exposing lines of the cured first batch which then appear as grout lines between areas of colored mortar which appear as bricks, flagstone or tiles etc.

Abstract: A semifluid mix for environmental reclamation, comprising peat, a hydraulic binder, resins, seeds, lime, and manure, the mix being particularly adapted to restore a covering of vegetation on surfaces that have suffered environmental degradation, such as ski pistes, road slopes, landslide and quarry faces. The present invention furthermore relates to a method for preparing the mix and to a method for applying the semifluid mix on the surfaces that have suffered environmental degradation.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an elongated decorative molding having a decorative surface and a desired cross-sectional profile is provided. A first coating material is applied to a molded core and then the molded core is passed through the opening of a first die. Once hardened, the coated profile is again coated with a second coating material and then passed through a second die.

Abstract: Method of eliminating moisture problems in housing and premises with supporting structures made of concrete, comprising hydrophobic impregnation of a supporting concrete construction/bedding with a hydrophobic agent with a molecular size such that the impregnation becomes open to diffusion, and thereafter application of acidic ion exchange particles dispersed in a carrier on the bedding for the formation of a layer.

Abstract: An encapsulated asphalt prill having an impervious, water-insoluble shell, and a process for making same are disclosed. The encapsulating material are preferably composed primarily of materials such as molten fatty acids, low melt polymers, waxes, elastomers (synthetic rubbers) or plastomers many of which are also used as blending agents to enhance the final use properties of the commercial asphalt end products.

Abstract: A method of rapidly forming in place a cementitious structure comprising mixing a cement composition with an amount of a water soluble citrate effective to accelerate the setting of the cement in the presence of sufficient water for hydraulic setting of the cement, and delivering the resulting composition while fluid to the place for forming the cementitious structure.

Abstract: A method for establishing and maintaining a microbiologically clean environment in a room by painting at least its wall and ceiling surfaces with a porous layer formed of a porous material, such as perlite, zeolite or micronized silicon dioxide, optionally mixed with a fungicide or bactericide, then repeatedly spreading an aqueous liquid mixture containing a sanitizer over the porous layer, the water in the aqueous liquid mixture being evaporated between each application, leaving sanitizer in the pores of the porous layer.

Abstract: Sprayable fireproofing compositions for structural members such as steel columns are provided. The compositions comprise a cementitious binder such as Portland cement, and a hard aggregate containing water of hydration. Such hard aggregates contribute not only to the strength of the fireproofing composition, but also contribute thermally. The product is produced by dry blending a mixture of the cementitious binder and hard aggregate, as well as other optional additives. Upon the addition of water, sprayable slurries are formed which can be pumped to the point of application. An accelerator is added in close proximity to the point of injection. Other additives may also be included, such as starch, adhesives and cement strength enhancers. The slurries adhere to the structural member in the slurried state and after setting to provide excellent fire and heat protection.

Abstract: A concrete treating composition including an aqueous solution of a polymer binder and water is disclosed. The composition is added to unset concrete during various concrete finishing steps in a process to treat the upper region of the concrete and protect the finished concrete from staining, wear, erosion, damage from chemicals and weathering. In an alternative embodiment, a wetting agent is also added to the composition.

Abstract: A flexible, protective and waterproofing membrane for application onto a body to conform to a surface of the body and to be bonded thereto is provided. The membrane includes a flexible polymeric sheet which has an open-textured surface on each of its opposite faces. The textured surfaces are impregnated with a dry, cementitious material and define interconnected internal voids open to the atmosphere. The dry cementitious material includes a water-hardenable cement which is substantially non-hydrated.

Abstract: A method of treating a concrete or other non-metallic surface contaminated with embedded radionuclides to reduce the total level of radioactivity in a concrete or other hydraulically bonded material body is described. The method comprises the steps of producing relative mutual movement between the surface to be removed and a laser heat source such that a layer adjacent the surface is caused to be detached from said concrete body. The surface may be detached as a vapour, in flakes or as a sheet.

Abstract: The invention includes a metal substrate having an insulative coating thereon, wherein the insulative coating is prepared from a composition including .gamma.-alumina (gamma alumina) with a wide particle size distribution that includes at least 10 percent of the particles having by weight being larger than 20 micrometers, 5 to 10 percent by weight pseudo-boehmite, and a catalyst. The composition is sprayed onto the metal substrate at a distance from about 12 to about 15 inches using a round orifice spray nozzle operated at a pressure ranging from about 15 to about 25 psi. A polyvinyl alcohol overcoat is applied to the insulative coating to prevent flaking and chipping when coated metal substrate are stacked on each other. The insulative coating is particularly useful on folded foils used to construct metal monoliths for electrically heating catalytic converters.

Abstract: A curing composition for concrete that is an effective water barrier and that is relatively easily removed contains an acrylic or a styrene polymer latex and a polysaccharide. The polysaccharide makes the coating composition susceptible to enzyme action and thus easily removable by flooding the surface of the coated concrete with a dilute solution of enzyme reactive with the polysaccharide.

Abstract: Cement compositions and processes for improving the bond between new hydrating cement-based materials and the surface of "old" cement-based substrates are disclosed. A mechanically and chemically integral bond is created between the surfaces of the cement-based materials by moistening the old cement-based surface, exposing the moist surface to carbon or carbonate sources (such as with carbon dioxide) and then applying a new hydrating cement-based material thereon. The treatment of the surface of the cement-based substrate as described above creates an aqueous phase chemistry thereon which is compatible to the aqueous phase chemistry of the hydrating cement-based materials applied thereafter. The compatibility of the aqueous phase chemistries results in a mechanically and chemically integral bond formed between the surface of the old cement-based surface and the hydrating cement-based materials.

Abstract: An ornamental coating and process for applying the coating to a substrate includes mixing a first batch of liquid mortar composed of sand, cement and an aqueous solution of acrylic resin, and trowelling or spraying a first layer of the liquid mortar onto the substrate and allowing the liquid mortar to cure. A second batch of liquid mortar is mixed which is the same as the first except that it contains a color pigment contrasting with the color of the first batch. A template defining a pattern of grout lines is placed over the cured first batch and the second batch of liquid mortar is trowelled or sprayed over the first batch and the template as a second layer and allowed to cure only to the extent that the second layer is firm, but not hard. The template is then removed, removing that part of the second layer immediately above the template thus exposing lines of the cured first batch which then appear as grout lines between areas of colored mortar which appear as bricks, flagstone or tiles etc.

Abstract: A concrete article having a mixture layer comprising concrete and a polysulfide-modified epoxy resin as an intermediate layer between a concrete body and a cured layer of a polysulfide-modified epoxy resin, which concrete article is excellent in corrosion resistance, durability and workability, and shows good adhesion to the concrete body and to the cured layer of the polysulfide-modified epoxy resin. This concrete article can be produced by applying a coating composition containing the polysulfide-modified epoxy resin to the concrete body in an uncured state.

Abstract: A floor covering designed to protect concrete floors from extreme mechanical abuse, such as impact and abrasion involving a floor covering which is applied in three steps:the first layer comprises a thermosetting resin with aggregate fillers and broadcast;the second layer is a thermosetting resin compound which serves as a bonding agent between the first layer and the next layer to be applied;the third layer comprises a latex-based cementitious material filled with ductile iron filings.

Abstract: A repair and rehabilitation treatment process for reinforced concrete structures involves the removal of concrete from above rebar or other metal reinforcement material in the concrete structure. After removal of concrete, the metal reinforcement materials are saturated with corrosion inhibiting agents. Saturation is best achieved by multiple spray applications of the corrosion inhibitor. The cavity in the concrete structure with the treated rebar or other metal reinforcement materials is then backfilled and/or overlaid with repair concrete. Preferably, the repair concrete includes corrosion inhibitors which will diffuse to the rebar over time or is a low permeability concrete that reduces the rate of diffusion of chloride corrosion causing agents to the rebar. The repair and rehabilitation process significantly increases the concrete structure's service life.

Abstract: A rehabilitative solution for preventing or retarding the spread of corrosion of metal reinforcements in concrete, comprising a) one or more corrosion-inhibiting agent(s) and b) a impregnation-increasing amount of a penetration-enhancing agent selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alcohols; alkali metal salts of gluconic acid; alkyl-substituted benzene compounds; or mixtures thereof, is disclosed, along with several methods of its application for concrete rehabilitation.

Abstract: Sprayable fireproofing compositions for structural members such as steel columns are provided, as well as a method of applying multiple coatings thereof. The compositions comprise a Portland cement-based material, stucco, a high density aggregate and an accelerator. The compositions eliminate the long setting times typical of Portland cement-based materials, and improve the hangability thereof. The product is produced by dry blending a mixture of Portland cement, a high density aggreagte, stucco (calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate) and optionally, a stucco set retarder and shredded polystyrene aggregate. Upon the addition of water, sprayable slurries are formed which can be pumped to the point of application. An accelerator is added in close proximity to the point of injection. The slurries adhere to the structural member in the slurried state and after setting to provide excellent fire and heat protection.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is immersed in a hydrophilic-film-forming solution in order to form a hydrophilic film on the surface of the heat exchanger. The film applied on the heat exchanger is then dried to a semi-dry state and while this film is semi-dry, an antimicrobial agent is permeated into the hydrophilic film. Then it is completely dried. By following this process, it is possible to permeate a large amount of antimicrobial agent near the surface of the film, increasing the antimicrobial effect and at the same time, the effect is retained over a long period of time because the antimicrobial agent is not coated on the surface and, therefore, is not washed away with water.

Abstract: Improved stiffening materials containing hydraulic binders are obtained by applying a hydraulic binder, if appropriate in mixture with reactive binders, in powder form to a sheetlike material, for example a bandage fabric, compacting the hydraulic binder in contact with the sheetlike material, and winding the sheetlike material thus provided with the compacted hydraulic binder into rolls.

Abstract: A method of forming fiber reinforced aluminum phosphate bonded material having improved strength at elevated temperatures. The method comprises the steps of: (a) preparing a slurry by blending alumina and aluminum phosphate solution, the slurry being substantially free of silica; (b) providing a fiber substrate coated with a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, platinum, copper, silver, gold, palladium, cobalt, chromium and titanium; (c) infiltrating the slurry into the fiber substrate; and (d) curing the infiltrated substrate to form a fiber reinforced aluminum phosphate bonded composite material. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fiber substrate is made from SiC fibers and the refractory metal is electrolessly coated nickel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing gypsum board. The method includes the steps of mixing a predetermined amount of fibers, absorbent, and water to form a mixture of wetted, loose fibers, mixing the wetted fibers with predetermined amount of dry calcined gypsum, forming the mixture into a matt having a substantially uniform consistency and compressing the matt to form a board composed of bonded fibers and gypsum. The resulting board has a smooth exterior and can be a homogeneous or a multilayer board.

Abstract: Sprayable fireproofing compositions for structural members such as steel columns are provided, as well as a method of applying multiple coatings thereof. The compositions comprise a Portland cement-based material, stucco, and an accelerator. The compositions eliminate the long setting times typical of Portland cement-based materials, and improve the hangability thereof. The product is produced by dry blending a mixture of Portland cement, stucco (calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate) and optionally, a stucco set retarder and shredded polystyrene aggregate. Upon the addition of water, sprayable slurries are formed which can be pumped to the point of application. An accelerator is added in close proximity to the point of injection. Other additives may also be included, such as starch, adhesives and cement strength enhancers. The slurries adhere to the structural member in the slurried state and after setting to provide excellent fire and heat protection.

Abstract: The invention relates to dispersions which are obtainable from sheet silicates, a protective colloid and an aqueous dispersant and are suitable for the incorporation of sheet silicates into water-dilutable coating compositions. The dispersions according to the invention are obtainable using poly(propylene oxide) as the protective colloid, and the poly(propylene oxide) contains no hydrophobic terminal groups, has on average at least one hydroxyl group per molecule and may optionally contain up to 40% by weight of --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O-- units.

Abstract: A method of installing a cementitious composition includes providing a dry fast setting cementitious composition having a set time and in the form of finely divided particles of at least one cement binder, pouring an amount of the dry cementitious composition into a volume of water located in a hole without any type of physical mixing of the cementitious composition and water other than the mixing which occurs merely by applying the cementitious composition into the water. The major portion of the particles of the cementitious composition have approximately the same drop rate through the volume of water. The water contacts the dry cementitious composition when poured into the volume of water to hydrate the particles of the dry cementitious composition, the particles of cementitious composition dropping through the water to displace excess water and form the hydrated cementitious composition particles in a substantially non-segregated mass.

Abstract: A process for applying and providing an enhanced polyester-based polymer concrete overlay on a porous substrate structure is provided. The process requires first applying a monomeric high-molecular weight acrylate- or methacrylate-based pretreatment composition to the substrate and then forming the polyester-based polymer concrete overlay over the treated substrate.

Abstract: Magnesium oxychloride cement compositions, products, and uses thereof, are provided by mixing magnesium oxide, a magnesium chloride solution, and aggregate particles. The cement compositions are adapted for use in repairing damaged concrete surfaces, casting both functional and decorative forms, and coating surfaces with stucco. The addition of a small amount of acid to the cement composition promotes a more complete cementing reaction. The resulting cement product exhibits substantially increased strength and water resistance. Brine from the Great Salt Lake is a preferable source of the magnesium chloride solution. Brine from the Great Salt Lake results in a cement composition substantially stronger than cement produced from a pure magnesium chloride solution. Use of the Great Salt Lake brine as the gauging solution in lieu of a gauging solution made from magnesium chloride flakes (hexahydrate) reduces manufacturing costs of magnesium oxychloride cement products.

Abstract: Dry cementitious compositions and packages and methods for their application. The dry compositions do not have to be mixed with water but instead are poured, sprayed or troweled onto a substrate which contains water in an amount in excess of that necessary for the hydration of the cementitious materials. These compositions can be applied by layering, dropping through a conduit, or preferably, merely dropped into the water.