Abstract: Process for preparing a nitrile of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are for example hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, carboxyl, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylamino, dialkylamino, aryl, aryloxy, arylthio or arylamino, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together form a substituted or unsubstituted 4-membered carbon bridge,by reacting an aldehyde of the formula (II) ##STR2## with a hydroxylammonium salt followed by dehydration by heating to an elevated temperature, wherein the reaction takes place in the presence of an anhydrous inorganic sulfate and in the absence of diluents from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, strongly polar aprotic solvents, sulfur compounds and heteroaromatic basic nitrogen compounds.The nitriles obtainable by the process of the invention are valuable intermediates for, in particular, the preparation of diketopyrrolopyrrole pigments.

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds of the formula I ##STR1## where: Y inter alia is ##STR2## where R.sup.3 is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 - hydrocarbon radical. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, inter alia, are each, independently of one another, hydrogen, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -hydrocarbon radical which optionally carries inert substituents or heteroaryl, wherein a compound of the formula II ##STR3## where Z is ##STR4## is reacted in the presence of catalytic amounts of a carbonic ester and of a nitrogenous base at from 100.degree. to 250.degree. C. under a pressure of from 0.01 to 100 bar.

Abstract: A method for removing hydrogen cyanide from a hydrogen cyanide-contaminated organic liquid includes the steps of contacting the hydrogen cyanide-contaminated organic liquid with a metal alkoxide to generate a metal cyanide salt and an alkanol and then separating the organic liquid from the metal cyanide salt and the alkanol.

Abstract: This invention relates to acetonitrile purification via an adsorption-based process. The process comprises pretreating the acetonitrile containing organic impurities such as unsaturated nitriles with a solid reagent to selectively convert the unsaturated nitriles into products more easily removed and passing the treated acetonitrile through a series of adsorbent beds to remove the resulting products and other impurities present from the acetonitrile.

Abstract: Acetonitrile is purified by treatment with ozone. After ozone treatment is ended, acetonitrile is passed through packed columns of molecular sieve, activated alumina and charcoal or graphitized carbon; the process results in virtually pure acetonitrile obtained at an efficiency unachievable by prior art processes.

Abstract: Acetonitrile is purified by treatment with ozone. After ozone treatment is ended, acetonitrile is passed through packed columns of molecular sieve, activated alumina and charcoal or graphitized carbon; the process results in virtually pure acetonitrile obtained at an efficiency unachievable by prior art processes.

Abstract: A method of producing stabilized crude acetonitrile (i.e. acetonitrile which has been treated to substantially eliminate polymerization of the acetonitrile upon vaporization) which comprises mixing crude acetonitrile, a strong base and aldehyde together, heating to the reflux temperature of the mixture to stabilize the crude acetonitrile and recovering the stabilize acetonitrile. This stabilized acetonitrile is utilized to manufacture hydrogen cyanide.

Abstract: Purification of 6-aminocapronitrile by heating a mixture containing same and THA and converting the THA to higher boiling compounds, and then distilling the 6-aminocapronitrile. The time required to convert the THA is reduced if an organic carbonyl compound is present in the mixture during heating.

Abstract: A process for the production of alkylaminonitriles by reacting 2-pentenenitrile and an alkylamine in the presence of 15 to 60% by weight water.

Abstract: An improved process for the hydrocyanation of pentenenitrile which comprises adding solid catalyst degradation precipitate to the hydrocyanation reactor, and operating the reactor at a level of HCN concentration such that the product fluid leaving the reactor has an HCN concentration of less than about 2500 parts per million parts of fluid.

Abstract: A process for the production of 4,6-dimethyl-7-hydroxynonan-3-one of specific stereochemistry is disclosed. The process results in an active (+)-serricornin.

Abstract: Cyclododecenylacetonitrile is prepared by reacting cyclododecanone with cyanoacetic acid in the presence of a catalyst. Purified cyclododecenylacetonitrile has a pleasant scent reminiscent of roses and lilies of the valley, containing additionally a musk note, and is suitable as a fragrance and as a fragrance component.

Abstract: This invention provides perfume compositions containing certain substituted saturated aliphatic nitriles and some novel nitriles useful as perfumery components.

Abstract: A process for the removal of impurities comprising amides from a solution comprising nitriles and the impurities. A reaction mixture is formed which includes the solution, a layered mineral comprising aluminum silicates having exchangeable alkaline or alkaline earth cations on the surfaces of the layers and an acid which has an acid strength sufficient to protonate the amides at amide protonation conditions, but in which the solubility of the salt of the acid and exchangeable cation at those conditions is such that the equilibrium of the protonation reaction is substantially in the direction of the amides remaining in a protonated form. The water content of the reaction mixture must be less than about 0.5 wt. % for substantially all of the reaction time. The reaction mixture is maintained for a sufficient time at the amide protonation conditions for protonation of the amides and exchange of the protonated amides and exchangeable cations to occur, the protonated amides adhering to the surfaces of the layers.