Abstract: The invention relates to the use of monoliths as particle filters for limiting the deactivation of catalysts during catalytic reactions in multi-tubular reactors. The invention is particularly well-suited for catalytic oxidation reactions in the gaseous phase. The invention also relates to multi-tubular reactors including monoliths as particle filters.

Abstract: A method for the production of a nanocrystalline bismuth-molybdenum mixed oxide, the use of the bismuth-molybdenum mixed oxide as catalyst for chemical conversions, in particular for a conversion of propylene to acrolein and/or acrylic acid or of isobutylene to methacrolein and/or methacrylic acid, as well as a catalyst that contains the bismuth-molybdenum mixed oxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the synthesis of acrolein by means of dehydration of the glycerol in the presence of a solid acid catalyst having a Hammett acidity of less than +2, such as sulfated zirconium oxides, phosphated zirconium oxides, tungstated zirconium oxides, silicated zirconium oxides, sulfated tin or titanium oxides, phosphated aluminas or silicas, doped iron phosphates, and phosphotungstic or silicotungstic acid salts placed in a reactive medium comprising a gaseous phase containing between 1 and 3000 ppm of an acid compound according to the Pearson classification, selected, for example, from SO3, SO2, and NO2, the dehydration reaction being carried out either in a gaseous phase or in a liquid phase.

Abstract: The present invention presents a catalyst that allows asymmetric hydroxymethylation reactions to progress with excellent asymmetric selectivity and a production method for optically active hydroxymethylated compounds using the catalyst. Optically active hydroxymethylated compounds are obtained with excellent asymmetric selectivity by using a catalyst obtained by mixing chiral ligands (for example, chemical formula 4) with scandium triflate and the like.

Abstract: A process for storing a monomer phase which is liquid under the conditions of storage and comprises methacrylic monomers to an extent of ?95% by weight and has been obtained by condensation out of a gaseous phase or by melting a crystalline phase, in a storage vessel, in which polymer of the monomer present in dissolved form in the liquid monomer phase is removed therefrom on the route from its generation into the storage vessel, and also a process for withdrawing liquid monomer phase from the storage vessel in which polymer of the monomer present in dissolved form in the monomer phase is likewise removed.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a molding and a method for producing the same; a catalyst for the production of an unsaturated aldehyde and an unsaturated carboxylic acid, and a method for producing the same; and a catalyst for the production of methacrylic acid, and a method for producing the same. The molding of the present invention shows a shape including a plurality of columnar portions disposed with a predetermined gap; and bridge portions which are provided at both ends in longitudinal directions of two adjacent columnar portions and join adjacent columnar portions each other; and including through holes surrounded by a plurality of columnar portions in the longitudinal directions of the columnar portions, and openings formed on a peripheral surface by a gap between the plurality of adjacent columnar portions.

Abstract: An additive for improving the rate of catalysis in biphasic reaction systems is disclosed. The additive is an ionic molecule comprising an organic cation such as a heterocyclic compound or a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium cation, and an anion which may be organic or inorganic. A process for improved catalysis in an aqueous biphasic system wherein the catalyst is substantially dissolved in the aqueous phase and the substrate is substantially contained in the non-aqueous phase is also described. A suitable additive is 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium halide. Examples of suitable catalytic reactions include the hydrogenation, hydrosilation, hydroboration, hydrovinylation, hydroformylation, oxidation and hydroxycarbonylation of alkenes, and Heck, Suzuki, Stille, and Sonigashira coupling.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst system, an oxidation reactor comprising the same, and a method for producing an acrolein and an acrylic acid by using the same. By using the catalyst system according to the present invention, when acrolein and acrylic acid are produced, since heat accumulation in a catalyst layer may be effectively prevented, catalyst deterioration may be prevented, and the catalyst may be stably used for a long period of time. In addition, an acrolein and an acrylic acid may be produced at high selectivity and high yield.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for producing hydrocarbons such as aldehydes, alkanes, and alkenes are described herein. Certain hydrocarbons can be used in biofuels.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a method of using Schwartz Reagent, Cp2Zr(H)Cl, without accumulating or isolating it. Methods provide mixtures of Cp2ZrCl2, reductants that selectively reduce Cp2ZrCl2, and substrates. After reaction of Cp2ZrCl2 and the reductant, an intermediate reduction product is formed, apparently Schwartz Reagent. The in situ Schwartz Reagent then selectively reduces certain functional groups on the substrate. Substrates include tertiary amides, tertiary benzamides, aryl O-carbamates, and heteroaryl N-carbamates, which are reduced to aldehydes, benzaldehydes, aromatic alcohols, and heteroaromatics, respectively. Compared to prior methods, reagents are inexpensive and stable, reaction times are short, and reaction temperature in certain cases is conveniently room temperature. It has been estimated that using the in situ method described herein instead of synthesized or commercially obtained Schwartz Reagent provides a 50% reduction in cost.

Abstract: A chemical reactor for catalytic reactions, comprises a substantially cylindrical shell (2) closed at the opposite ends by respective covers (3 and 4), at least one reaction zone (7, 8) in which a respective catalytic bed (9, 10) and a plurality of heat exchangers (25) placed in said at least one reaction zone (7, 8) are supported.

Abstract: The invention related to a novel process, novel process steps and novel intermediates useful in the synthesis of pharmaceutically active compounds, especially renin inhibitors, such as Aliskiren Inter alia the invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a compound of the formula I. or a salt thereof, wherein R1 as well as Act are as defined in the specification, and processes of manufacturing this compound as well as intermediates in this process.

Abstract: A process for removing trioxane from a use stream I of formaldehyde, trioxane and water, by a) providing a use stream I of formaldehyde as the main component and trioxane and water as the secondary components, b) mixing the use stream I with a recycle stream VII to obtain a feed stream Ia, c) distilling the use stream Ia in a first distillation stage to obtain a stream II of formaldehyde as the main component and water as the secondary component, and a stream III of trioxane as the main component and water and formaldehyde as the secondary components, d) distilling the stream III in a second distillation stage having a pressure higher than in the first distillation stage, to obtain a stream IV of trioxane and a stream V of trioxane as the main component and water and formaldehyde as the secondary components, e) distilling the stream V in a third distillation stage to obtain a stream VI of water and the recycle stream VII of trioxane as the main component and water and formaldehyde as the secondary components

Abstract: A method for producing a mixture of ethylene and carbon monoxide by contacting ethane and an oxygen source with a catalyst comprising synthetic cryptomelane or octahedral molecular sieve. The method further comprises condensing the alkyl propionate with formaldehyde to produce an alkyl methacrylate.

Abstract: What is proposed is an apparatus for automatic catalyst exchange in a plurality of process steps in the catalyst tubes of a reactor with a bundle of catalyst tubes, which are welded in or rolled in between an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate in longitudinal direction of the reactor, and welded tight, comprising a tool carrier device, which is arranged so as to be mobile in a plane above and parallel to the upper tube plate, and which can be equipped with an exchangeable tool for each process step, the exchangeable tool being mobile together with the tool carrier device in the plane above and parallel to the upper tube plate and also vertically, in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the reactor, and being able to access each individual catalyst tube with control by means of a control unit, the position of the longitudinal axis of each individual catalyst tube being measured or calculated and recorded in the control unit in a position database.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing unsaturated aldehydes and/or unsaturated fatty acids from olefins using a fixed-bed catalytic partial oxidation reactor, in particular, a start-up method upon packing with catalysts and initiating the reaction, and a process for producing unsaturated aldehydes and/or unsaturated fatty acids with high yield.

Abstract: A process for producing a ringlike oxidic shaped body by mechanically compacting a pulverulent aggregate introduced into the fill chamber of a die, wherein the outer face of the resulting compact corresponds to that of a frustocone.

Abstract: A reactor comprising at least one contact surface made from, coated with, or impregnated by a catalyst, wherein the contact surface comprises a sintered metal or a ceramic, and wherein the reactor is configured to subject a reactant stream to shear. A system for carrying out a heterogeneously catalyzed reaction, the system comprising a reactor as described above and a pump configured for delivering reactants to the at least one reactor. A method for carrying out a heterogeneously-catalyzed reaction by introducing reactants into a reactor comprising at least one contact surface made from, coated with, or impregnated by a catalyst under conditions which promote production of a desired product, wherein the contact surface comprises a sintered metal or a ceramic, and forming a dispersion of reactants within the reactor, wherein the dispersion comprises droplets or gas bubbles of reactant with an average diameter of less than about 5 ?m.

Abstract: An additive for improving the rate of catalysis in biphasic reaction systems is disclosed. The additive is an ionic molecule comprising an organic cation such as a heterocyclic compound or a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium cation, and an anion which may be organic or inorganic. A process for improved catalysis in an aqueous biphasic system wherein the catalyst is substantially dissolved in the aqueous phase and the substrate is substantially contained in the non-aqueous phase is also described. A suitable additive is 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium halide. Examples of suitable catalytic reactions include the hydrogenation, hydrosilation, hydroboration, hydrovinylation, hydroformylation, oxidation and hydroxycarbonylation of alkenes, and Heck, Suzuki, Stille, and Sonigashira coupling.

Abstract: A benzyl vinyl ether represented by the following formula is hydrolyzed in the presence of a catalyst selected among Arrhenius acids and Lewis acids to obtain 3,3,3-trifluoropropionaldehyde. Subsequently, the 3,3,3-trifluoropropionaldehyde is oxidized with an oxidizing agent. Thus, 3,3,3-trifluoropropionic acid can be more advantageously produced than in conventional techniques from an inexpensive starting material.

Abstract: A process for storing a monomer phase which is liquid under the conditions of storage and comprises methacrylic monomers to an extent of ?95% by weight and has been obtained by condensation out of a gaseous phase or by melting a crystalline phase, in a storage vessel, in which polymer of the monomer present in dissolved form in the liquid monomer phase is removed therefrom on the route from its generation into the storage vessel, and also a process for withdrawing liquid monomer phase from the storage vessel in which polymer of the monomer present in dissolved form in the monomer phase is likewise removed.

Abstract: A method for producing a catalyst containing at least molybdenum, bismuth and iron including the steps of kneading particles containing catalyst components, an organic binder and a liquid, where the organic binder contains at least a high-viscosity organic binder having a viscosity of from 5,000 mPa·s to 25,000 mPa·s and a low-viscosity organic binder having a viscosity of from 10 mPa·s to less than 5,000 mPa·s, and extrusion molding the resultant kneaded mixture is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for performing catalyzed oxidation reactions of hydrocarbons over a catalyst disposed in a reactor, which comprises cooling the product gas stream of the catalyzed oxidation reaction immediately after it leaves the reaction zone of the reactor by feeding in a temperature-controlled gas stream which is fed in through at least one feed device into the region between lower reactor plate and outlet of the product gas stream.

Abstract: Multi-tubular reactors for fluid processing incorporate reactor tubes containing thermally conductive monolithic catalyst structures with relative dimensions and thermal expansion characteristics effective to establish both a non-interfering or slidably interfering fit between the monolith structures and the reactor tubes at selected monolith mounting temperatures, and geometries at reactor operating temperatures such that the operating gaps between tubes and monoliths under the conditions of reactor operation do not exceed about 250 ?m over tube sections where high heat flux to or from the monoliths is required.

Abstract: A compound of general formula (I) with or without the double bond illustrated by the dotted line. In formula (I), X is a CHO, CH2OH, CH2OC(O)R or CH(OR)2 group, and R represents a linear or branched C1-C5 alkyl or alkenyl chain. The synthesis method for the compound, and especially the 6,8-dimethyl-non-7-enal (1) prepared by the hydroformylation of the 5,7-dimethyl-octa-1,6-diene is also disclosed, as well as compositions containing the compounds of formula (I). Due to the odorant properties thereof, the compounds are highly useful in perfumery, especially for cosmetic products and household products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing methacrolein and/or methacrylic acid characterized in that the catalyst filling length of a dehydration catalyst layer is 3 to 20% of the catalyst filling length of an oxidation catalyst layer in a method where raw material gas containing gaseous t-butanol is supplied to a fixed-bed multitubular reactor having a dehydration catalyst layer and an oxidation catalyst layer in this order, from the entrance for raw material gas toward the exit, to produce methacrolein and/or methacrylic acid by dehydration reaction and catalytic gas phase oxidation reaction, and the present invention can increase the conventional yield of approximately 80% to 81 to 82% even when a reaction bath temperature is relatively low (approximately 355° C.).

Abstract: The novel intermediate compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the practical synthetic process for preparing ?-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The synthesis of ?-carotene is characterized by the double elimination reactions of the C40 compound containing both the benzenesulfonyl group and the group X (either halogen or ether), which can be prepared by the coupling reaction of the novel C10 dialdehyde with two equivalents of the C15 allylic sulfone, followed by the functional group transformation of the resulting C40 diol either to the corresponding halide or to the ether, to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain.

Abstract: Intermediates in the preparation of epothilones and epothilone analogs are provided along with synthetic methods useful in the synthesis of epothilone compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing optically active carbonyl compounds by asymmetrically hydrogenating ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compounds in the presence of optically active transition metal catalysts which are soluble in the reaction mixture and have at least one carbon monoxide ligand. The present invention especially relates to a process for preparing optically active aldehydes or ketones, in particular citronellal, by asymmetrically hydrogenating the corresponding optically active ?,?-unsaturated aldehydes or ketones.

Abstract: The present invention presents a catalyst that allows asymmetric hydroxymethylation reactions to progress with excellent asymmetric selectivity and a production method for optically active hydroxymethylated compounds using the catalyst. Optically active hydroxymethylated compounds are obtained with excellent asymmetric selectivity by using a catalyst obtained by mixing chiral ligands (for example, chemical formula 4) with scandium triflate and the like.

Abstract: The novel intermediate compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the practical synthetic process for preparing ?-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The synthesis of ?-carotene is characterized by the double elimination reactions of the C40 compound containing both the benzenesulfonyl group and the group X (either halogen or ether), which can be prepared by the coupling reaction of the novel C10 dialdehyde with two equivalents of the C15 allylic sulfone, followed by the functional group transformation of the resulting C40 diol either to the corresponding halide or to the ether, to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain.

Abstract: A process for charging a longitudinal section of a catalyst tube with a homogeneous fixed catalyst bed section whose active composition is at least one multielement oxide or comprises elemental silver on an oxidic support body and whose geometric shaped catalyst bodies and shaped inert bodies have a specific inhomogeneity of their longest dimensions.

Abstract: A process for preparing shaped catalyst bodies whose active composition is a multielement oxide, in which a finely divided precursor mixture with addition of graphite having a specific particle size is shaped to the desired geometry and then treated thermally.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing acrolein by dehydration of glycerol in the presence of molecular oxygen. The reaction is performed in the liquid phase or in the gas phase in the presence of a solid catalyst. The addition of oxygen makes it possible to obtain good glycerol conversion by inhibiting the deactivation of the catalyst and the formation of by-products.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for making aldehydes and ketones comprising allowing the corresponding primary or secondary alcohol to react in the presence of trichoroisocyanuric acid, a compound of formula R1SR2 and a base. In one embodiment, the alcohol is a compound of formula (I): wherein R3 is a protecting group. Also disclosed are methods for making 3-O-protected morphine dienol carboxylates comprising allowing a compound of formula (I) to oxidize in the presence of a chlorine-containing compound and a compound of formula R1SR2; and allowing the product of the oxidation step to react with an acylating agent.

Abstract: A compound of general formula (I) with or without the double bond illustrated by the dotted line. In formula (I), X is a CHO, CH2OH, CH2OC(O)R or CH(OR)2 group, and R represents a linear or branched C1-C5 alkyl or alkenyl chain. The synthesis method for the compound, and especially the 6,8-dimethyl-non-7-enal (1) prepared by the hydroformylation of the 5,7-dimethyl-octa-1,6-diene is also disclosed, as well as compositions containing the compounds of formula (I). Due to the odorant properties thereof, the compounds are highly useful in perfumery, especially for cosmetic products and household products.

Abstract: 3,3-Dimethylbutanal is prepared from 3,3-dimethybutanol. Intermediate 3,3-dimethylbutanol is obtained by reacting ethylene, isopropylene and a mineral acid to produce a 3,3-dimethylbutyl ester which is hydrolyzed to the alcohol. The hydrolysis step is effectively carried out by reactive distillation. Alternatively, 3,3-dimethylbutanal is prepared from 3,3-dimethylbutanol obtained by reduction of the corresponding carboxylic acid or 1,2-epoxy-3,3-dimethylbutane, or by hydrolysis of 1-halo-3,3-dimethylbutane. Fixed bed gas phase and stirred tank liquid phase processes are provided for converted 3,3-dimethylbutanol to 3,3-dimethylbutanal by catalytic dehydrogenation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to C4-demethyl-epothilones or C4-bisnor-epothilones of Formula (I), their pharmaceutical use, pharmaceutical composition containing the same and methods for their preparation.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for catalytic synthesis of oxygenate from alcohol. At first, a feeding material comprising at least one alcohol is provided. Next, a copper-containing catalyst is provided and the catalyst further comprises at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of the following: zinc, magnesium, and aluminum elements. Following that, a catalytic reaction of the feeding material over the copper-containing catalyst is carried out to synthesize at least one oxygenate.

Abstract: It is provided that a method for producing an oxygen-containing compound, characterized in that an olefin compound having a carbon-carbon double bond which is bonded to a methyl or methylene group is reacted with an organic hydroperoxide in the presence of an ionic liquid and a selenium compound.

Abstract: A process for the production of 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde is described. The process comprises reacting allyl alcohol with a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst system comprising a rhodium complex and a 2,3-O-isopropylidene-2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-bis[bis(3,5-di-n-alkylphenyl)phosphino]butane. The process gives high yield of 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde compared to 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde.

Abstract: A process is disclosed to treat the protein hydrolysate, prepared conventionally from a proteinous source, with alkali metal hydride to obtain alcohol which is subsequently oxidized to obtain aldehyde under certain specified conditions, thereby converting large protein molecules into aldehyde based industrial products of much smaller molecular size.

Abstract: Nonmetallic, chiral organic catalysts are used to catalyze enantioselective fluorination of enolizable aldehydes. Reaction systems composed of an enolizable aldehyde, an electrophilic fluorination reagent, and a nonmetallic chiral catalyst in the form of an imidazolidinone salt are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing monocarbonyl compounds or biscarbonyl compounds or hydroxyl compounds by ozonizing, unsaturated organic carbon compounds that, per molecule, have one or more olefinic or aromatic double bonds, which can be cleaved by ozone, and by subsequently processing the ozonization products.

Abstract: A reactant selected from the group consisting of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, dienes, and aromatics is reacted with a halide selected from the group including chlorine, bromine, and iodine to form a first reaction product. The first reaction product is reacted with a solid oxidizer to form a product selected from the group including olefins, alcohols, ethers, and aldehydes, and spent oxidizer. The spent oxidizer is oxidized to form the original solid oxidizer and the second reactant which are recycled.

Abstract: A process is disclosed to treat the protein hydrolysate, prepared conventionally from a proteinous source, with alkyl halide to obtain alcohol which is subsequently oxidized to obtain aldehyde under certain specified conditions, thereby converting large protein molecules into aldehyde based industrial products of much smaller molecular size.

Abstract: A process for the production of 3,3-dimethylbutyraldehyde is disclosed. The 3,3-dimethylbutyraldehyde is obtained by the reduction of 3,3-dimethylbutyric acid using trimethylacetic anhydride and a phosphine. The 3,3-dimethylbutyric acid is preferably obtained by a process in which tert-butanol and vinylidene chloride are reacted in the presence of sulfuric acid. The disclosed process has improved cost and yield.

Abstract: A process for producing 1,3-propanediol, comprising: hydrating acrolein in a liquid phase in the presence of a hydration catalyst to form 3-hydroxypropanal; separating any unreacted acrolein, if any is present; and carrying out catalytic hydrogenation of the 3-hydroxypropanal in a liquid or gas phase with a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein the hydration catalyst is a catalyst comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of the following materials (a) to (c) and has a pH of 6 or less at 20° C., when made into a slurry by dispersing the catalyst in a quantity of water 5 times as much as the quantity of catalyst by weight: (a) a metalloaluminophosphate molecular sieve, (b) an FER type zeolite, and (c) an oxide or compound oxide, excluding crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites, which comprises one or more element(s) selected from the elements belonging to group 4, group 13 and group 14 of the periodic table.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process whereby fluorinated ketones of various structures can be produced by short process steps and which is useful as an industrial production process.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of polymers derived from acrolein and including poly(2-propenal, 2-propenoic acid), characterised in that the polymers are exposed to the presence of water, whereby such polymers exhibit increased antimicrobial activity. The polymers may be heated in the range of 40 to 150° C. Further, the polymers may be prepared in the presence of polyethylene glycols, polyols and/or alkanols.