Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula I, ##STR1## wherein A is straight chain alkylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms, or straight chain alkenylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms,n is 1, 2 or 3,R is hydrogen or halogen of atomic number from 9 to 35, andeither (i) R.sub.1 is a group of formula II, ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, independently, are hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, andR.sub.4 is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxyalkyl of 2 to 5 carbon atoms, alkylthioalkyl of 2 to 5 carbon atoms, phenylalkyl or phenoxyalkyl or phenylthioalkyl, wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or phenyl, the phenyl ring of each of the last four radicals being unsubstituted or mono-substituted by, or disubstituted independently by, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, hydroxy or halogen of atomic number from 9 to 35, andR.sub.5 is hydrogen,or (ii) R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: Aliphatic/aromatic ethers are prepared by reacting an aliphatic halide with either an alkali or alkaline earth metal, or ammonium phenolate or naphtholate, in an inert organic solvent, and in the presence of at least one tertiary amine sequestering agent having the formula:N--CHR.sub.1 CHR.sub.2 --O--CHR.sub.3 --CHR.sub.4 --O--.sub.n R.sub.5 ].sub.

Abstract: Procecss for the preparation of alkyl aryl ethers by reacting phenols with aliphatic ethers in the presence of strongly acid cation exchangers.

Abstract: The present specification provides novel analogs of carbacyclin (CBA.sub.2), 6a-carba-prostacyclin (6a-carba-PGI.sub.2), which have pronounced prostacyclin-like pharmacological activity, e.g., as platelet antiaggregatory agents. Specifically the novel chemical analogs of CBA.sub.2 are those substituted by fluoro (C-5), alkyl (C-9), interphenylene (C-5), and methano (C-6a,9). Further provided are benzindene analogs of CBA.sub.2 and substituted forms thereof, i.e., 9-deoxy-2',9-methano (or 2',9-metheno)-3-oxa-4,5,6-trinor-3,7-(1',3'-interphenylene)-PGF.sub.1 compounds. Also provided are a variety of novel chemical intermediates, e.g., substituted bicyclo[3.3.0]octane intermediates, and chemical process utilizing such intermediates which are useful in the preparation of the novel CBA.sub.2 analogs.

Abstract: The present specification provides novel analogs of carbacyclin (CBA.sub.2), 6a-carba-prostacyclin (6a-carba-PGI.sub.2), which have pronounced prostacyclin-like pharmacological activity, e.g., as platelet anti-aggregatory agents. Specifically the novel chemical analogs of CBA.sub.2 are those substituted by fluoro (C-5), alkyl (C-9), interphenylene (C-5), and methano (C-6a,9). Further provided are benzindene analogs of CBA.sub.2 and substituted forms thereof, i.e., 9-deoxy-2',9-methano (or 2',9-metheno)-3-oxa-4,5,6-trinor-3,7-(1',3'-interphenylene)-PGF.sub.1 compounds. Also provided are a variety of novel chemical intermediates, e.g., substituted bicyclo[3.3.0]octane intermediates, and chemical process utilizing such intermediates which are useful in the preparation of the novel CBA.sub.2 analogs.

Abstract: Phenol compounds are O-alkylated with olefins in the presence of acid resin catalysts to give aryl alkyl ethers. In a preferred embodiment, the catalyst comprises perfluorosulfonic acid ion exchange resins.

Abstract: Alkyl aryl ethers are produced by incrementally reacting an acid and an alkanol with a phenol and continuously removing water formed as a by-product of the reaction. Preferably, the acid is sulfuric acid; the alkanol is methanol; and the phenol is .beta.-naphthol. The process is carried out at an elevated temperature, preferably at a temperature ranging from 125.degree. to 175.degree. C.

Abstract: The Ullman reaction for the preparation of diaryl ethers by coupling aryl halides with metal phenolates is conducted in the presence of at least one tertiary amine sequestering agent having the formula:N--CHR.sub.1 --CHR.sub.2 --O--CHR.sub.3 --CHR.sub.4 --O--.sub.n R.sub.5 ].sub.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## R.sub.1 is hydrogen, benzyl or alkanoyl, X is C.sub.2-4 alkylene; andZ-W is alkyl, phenylalkyl or pyridylalkyl which can have an oxygen atom as part of the alkyl chain and their use as CNS agents, antidiarrheals and antiemetics. Processes for their preparation and intermediates therefor are described.

Abstract: The invention concerns new [isocamph-5-yl]-guaiacyl esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents an isocamph-5-yl radical located in the 2-position or 4-position relative to the OAc group and Ac represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylsulphonyl or di-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl)-phosphoryl radical; a process for their preparation and their use for the preparation of 3-[isocamph-5-yl]-cyclo-hexanol which is an important constituent of sandal compound.

Abstract: Phenol ethers are prepared by reacting phenols with dialkyl carbonates in the presence of tertiary amines and/or phosphines. The aralkyl aryl ethers and alkyl aryl ethers obtained are starting materials for the manufacture of dyes, crop protection agents and scents.

Abstract: An improvement in a process for the preparation of a pinacol of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and represent optionally substituted aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or an aromatic hydrocarbon radical by reducing a ketone of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the abovementioned meanings with a base metal, the improvement comprising carrying out the reduction in the presence of an organic halogen compound and in the presence of a phosphoric acid amide, phosphoric acid ester and/or carboxylic acid amide.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of alkyl aryl ethers by reacting aromatic hydroxy compounds with aliphatic alcohols in the presence of strongly acidic cation exchangers based on synthetic resins using the aromatic hydroxy compound in excess of the aliphatic alcohol.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of producing a dibenzocycloheptene compound of the structure ##STR1## in high yields which comprises: (a) hydrogenating an anthracene derivative in the 9,10 position to form a 9,10-dihydroanthracene derivative, (b) selectively mono-carbonylating one of the hydrogens in the 9,10 position to form a monoaldehyde, (c) reducing the aldehyde to form the corresponding alcohol and (d) dehydrating and expanding the center ring to form the dibenzocycloheptene compound.