Abstract: The invention is related to the integral extrusion of at least two pipes and a common flange to an extruding device and to a flange with at least two pipes integral with said flange. The method is characterized in that said pipes are extruded simultaneously while a common flange is formed at the same time, during which extrusion the material of the starting workpiece (blank), flowing under pressure, is forced, at a certain distance before the beginning of the extrusion openings for the pipes, to flow axially and radially into and through a transient space situated between said openings and the space reserved for the flange.

Abstract: A press operated by the reverse method comprising a fixed tubular die casing defining a pressing axis, a main jack operative to displace a cross beam supported for displacement along the pressing axis, a displaceable holder disposed between the cross beam and the tubular die casing and having a bore disposed along the pressing axis for receiving a billet to be pressed. The bore has open ends and the holder is capable of fitting over the die casing by axial displacement thereof. A closure member is carried by a slide for closing one end of the bore in the holder; the slide is displaceable on the cross beam transversely with respect to the pressing axis. A support is slidably mounted parallel to the slide and is carried by an auxiliary cross beam which is slidably mounted on the main cross beam for movement parallel to the pressing axis. The support and the slide are simultaneously displaceable under the action of a jack or other suitable device.

Abstract: A tube extrusion press extrudes tubes through the annular space formed when a mandrel projects into the aperture of an extrusion die. In order to prevent oxidation of the extruded product, the outside of the tube passes into a cooling section immediately downstream of the die, and a protective gas is blown into the interior of the tube through the mandrel which is hollow and has an opening in its tip. Both the inside and the outside of the tube may be coated with a liquid emulsion, and the hollow mandrel can have internal channels for the passage of a cooling liquid.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming elongated articles whereby a torque is transmitted to the deforming material as it passes through a die cavity to facilitate the reduction in the cross-section thereof as it passes therethrough. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a rotatable die member having a longitudinally extending die cavity, the end region thereof having a reduced diameter circular cross-section. A cavity region upstream of the downstream end region has a non-circular cross-section. Means are provided for positively rotating the die member about its longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A planar material to be press-formed is confined in a space having a contour corresponding to the outer contour of the flange part of an article to be produced and is pressed between a punch member having a through hole corresponding to the outer contour of the hollow main part of the article and another die member holding slidably a mandrel having an outer contour corresponding to the inner contour of the internal bore of the hollow article, the mandrel being simultaneously projected into the through hole of the first member. By the pressing action, the peripheral part of the material is formed into the flange part of the article while an inward flow of the material is caused, thereby elevating the surface of the material in the through hole of the punch member and forming a recess in the opposite side surface of the material. The mandrel is projected simultaneously with said pressing action, whereby topless hat-shaped product is easily formed by one step.

Abstract: An arrangement for obtaining proper alignment of parts and proper sealing of parts in an extrusion press having an offset supporting shaft rotatably carrying a container holder assembly and two or more containers into which heated billets are placed to be brought to the extrusion station. A set of aligning keys diametrically opposite each other on both ends of each container engage with a corresponding set of keyways in a sealing member and a die slide respectively.

Abstract: A process for the extrusion of tubes or similar hollow sections from a billet is disclosed within the billet is forced against a hollow extrusion die surrounding a mandrel and a mandrel support. A core passing through the extrusion billet moves in the direction of extrusion with the billet and is led through the mandrel into the space inside the resultant hollow section. The process of the present invention relieves the die of the high stresses which can otherwise lead to early failure of the die.

Abstract: Process of fabricating hollow bead rings for the beads of pneumatic tires, said hollow bead rings having a radial cross-section with at least one interior partition which connects together two portions of the outer contour, is improved by using the following operations:(a) extruding, by means of an extruder whose orifice is equipped with a single mandrel, a hollow member whose interior partition is connected to a single one of said portions, the other end of the interior partition being free, and(b) deforming, in one or more steps, the radial cross-section of the hollow member until the free end of the interior partition comes into contact with the other portion of the outer contour.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mandrel for a high pressure tube extrusion press. The mandrel comprises a tip member providing a tip adapted to be positioned in the die opening of the press to present an annular gap for tube extrusion, and a carrier for the tip member. The carrier has a threaded central tip member receiving bore for threadably receiving a threaded segment of the tip member therein. A divided ring shaped element is disposed between a flange on the tip member and the carrier in an annular space provided at the mouth of the bore to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the mandrel and prevent inadvertent separation of the tip member from the carrier.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the cold forming of a metal billet into a desired geometrical configuration including the steps of feeding the billet into a die cavity while the cavity is open, closing one end of the die cavity with the billet confined therein and disposing an anvil in the opposite end of the die cavity to define an annular space between the anvil and the die cavity wall, closing such annular space, applying a first pressure against a selected area of the billet sufficient to cause the billet to commence extrusion about the anvil and to fill the die cavity, thereafter increasing the volume of the annular space between the anvil and die cavity wall into which the billet is extruded while maintaining a substantially uniform second pressure against the billet in opposition to the flow of the metal, the magnitude of the second pressure being less per unit area than the first pressure whereby the metal flows substantially uniformly in the course of the extrusion.

Abstract: An improved billet and process for producing a tubular body by forced plastic deformation is disclosed. The billet includes a metallic tubular sheath, a metallic center core and a salt intermediate core. The radial thickness of the metallic tubular sheath is equal to or less than 0.11 times the outer diameter of the metallic tubular sheath. The metallic center core is positioned within the tubular sheath and is surrounded by the salt intermediate core which fills the cylindrical space between the tubular sheath and the center core. In the process of the present invention, the foregoing billet is subjected to forced compulsory deformation to reduce the diameter of the billet. Thereafter, the intermediate core is removed through solution and the center core is drawn out of the sheath in order to obtain the tubular body.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing heat transfer tubes for use in evaporators and coolers for freezers, air conditioning units, refrigerators, and the like, with close machining tolerances. It forms cavities, with small openings communicating them with the outside, on the inside of a tube, through three steps of forming a multiplicity of alternate grooves and ribs in parallel on the inner surface of the tube, forming cuts in the concentrically directed crests of the ribs, and then forcing the crests sidewise so that the crest of each rib is bent down onto an intermediate part of the adjacent rib to form a cavity in between.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for the extrusion of hollow or semi-hollow sections which are made in particular of a light metal. The device has at least one mandrel head on a mandrel support projecting into a die opening, the mandrel head being a special insert-type mandrel which is held in place on the mandrel support by a connecting device.

Abstract: A needle comprising a cylindrical portion, a portion with longitudinal profiled channels intended to form the internal fins of a pipe, said portions being spaced apart lengthwise the needle and an intermediate portion joining the first two portions and varying in diameter which first decreases then increases in the direction from the cylindrical portion to the portion with profiled channels. The portion with profiled channels has the form of a truncated cone whose smaller base is directed towards the cylindrical portion. The needle according to the invention is used for pressing pipes with internal fins whose height exceeds their thickness by more than 4 times.

Abstract: A single step in the form of a heavy forward displacing forging operation is used to manufacture cylindrically bored ferrous-metal multiple diameter nozzles with an outside diameter of at least 22 inches, weighing at least 4,000 lbs. and possessing an exterior configuration comprising a round cylindrical base section of largest diameter with an outwardly-extending flange at one extremity, spaced second cylindrical section of smaller diameter, and an interconnecting and intercommunicating frusto-conical section.

Abstract: A far less expensive process of manufacturing heavy-duty welding necks, nozzles, and similar connector elements comprising cylindrical bodies with a radial flange at one end, is provided through the utilization of a centered metal-displacement disc which contacts a radially flanged heated billet after the forging operation and forces the metal under the centered disc and interiorly of the radially-flanged portion into the die cavity and around a rounded centrally disposed supporting member which initially is in contact with the underside of the work-piece. This forward displacement action is continued until the advance portion of the work-piece contacts a circular forging knife which is carried on the interior of the female forging die member.

Abstract: An internal groove forming apparatus for heat exchanging pipes, having a cylindrical holder adapted to be loosely fitted in a heat exchanging pipe in concentric relationship, and a plurality of groove forming rolling tools arranged on the holder in a plurality of axially spaced, circumferentially oriented rows and rotatably supported on the holder in such a manner that the rolling tools of one of the two adjacent rows are disposed in staggered relationship with respect to those of the other and an imaginary circle circumscribing the rolling tools is interposed between an outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral surface of the heat exchanging pipe. Axial relative movements of the heat exchanging pipe and the holder enable the rolling tools to form a number of substantially axially oriented grooves on the inner peripheral surface of the heat exchanging pipe.

Abstract: In a device for extruding hollow articles, e.g. tubes, the die is rotatably mounted in the die holder. The die has a hole for shaping the external surface of the tube. The axis of said hole is eccentric relative to the axis of the external surface of the die holder. The device comprises a needle for shaping the internal surface of the tube, the needle entering the die hole during the process of extrusion. The needle axis coincides with the extrusion axis. The die holder is made of at least two bushings, installed one inside the other. The axes of the internal surfaces of the bushings are offset relative to the axes of their external surfaces. The bushings are capable of turning for adjusting the position of the die hole axis relative to the needle. This design of the die holder makes it possible to minimize the eccentricity of the axes of the internal and external surfaces of the tubes extruded in the device realized according to the present invention and installed in a conventional press.

Abstract: An improved construction of an extrusion press for producing an extruded tube is disclosed, the press including a billet chamber and a ram adapted to drive a billet through the billet chamber, a sizing means comprising an annular die, and a mandrel for sizing the wall thickness of the tube. The improved construction including a mandrel support means attached to and concentrically extending from the front face of the mandrel for maintaining continuous coaxial alignment of the mandrel with the die, prior to and during the extrusion operation.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for manufacturing elongated, hollow bodies of rectangular cross section by means of hydrostatic extrusion. The method and apparatus utilize a mandrel and billet of novel construction. The mandrel cooperates with a die and has a forming tip comprising a cylindrical portion, a transition portion, and a rectangular portion. The transition portion provides a tapered surface which extends from the cylindrical portion to the rectangular portion. The billet has a leading end which is extruded first and which has a simple geometry comprising two tapered surfaces situated axially adjacent to each other and being of different taper. The billet has an axially extending hole through which the mandrel is inserted. Due to their construction and relative positioning, a hydrostatic seal is provided between the billet's leading end and the die and between the mandrel and an inner wall of the billet which bounds its axially extending hole.

Abstract: A method for extruding a track link bushing having a contoured opening and a generally cylindrical outer surface.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the production of tube by continuous extrusion, in which material is fed to a passageway having a progressively decreasing cross-sectional area and defined by a first member rotatable relative to a second member, and a die ring co-operating with the first and second members to provide an annular extrusion path. The die ring may also be rotatable and be offset from the axis of rotation of the first member. The first member and die ring form a major part of said passageway, and the second member forms a minor part of the passageway, and the relative movement therebetween causes material fed to the passageway to be drawn along the passageway by frictional drag and to be extruded as tube through the annular extrusion path.

Abstract: A method and apparatus as disclosed, to produce a work piece, for example -- a twist drill or the same with inside cooling channels by means of a core matrix or core pins incorporated with the deforming pass, instead of using fusable metal filling. The points of the core matrix or core pins are located in the narrow pass of the forming caliber and remain fixed until the work piece is processed. At the end of the forming process, the work piece with its inside, open cooling channels, is expelled and a new operation starts.

Abstract: An unpierced metallic billet of relatively large diameter is subjected to three successive stages of deformation so as to form a metallic tube of relatively small outer diameter. In a first stage, the billet is given a generally "C"-shaped cross-sectional configuration. In a second stage, the diameter of the generally "C"-shaped cross-section is reduced and, simultaneously, the ends of the generally "C"-shaped cross-section are guided toward and then into contact with one another. In a third stage, the contacting ends are welded together. The three stages of deformation take place in a single die through which the billet is continuously hydrostatically extruded, the hydrostatic extrusion process utilizing a deoxidizing, lubricating, shear transmitting medium in displacing the billet through the die.

Abstract: In the hydrostatic extrusion of tubes in a press which has a pressure chamber containing a high pressure cylinder, a pressure generating portion insertable into the cylinder, a die arranged in the cylinder and a mandrel axially fixed in relation to the die and composed of a carrier portion and a tip, and in which the tip forms with the opening in the die a gap in which a tubular billet is shaped into a tube by hydrostatic extrusion, in connection with the insertion of the tubular billet, a seal is produced initially between the mandrel and the hole in the billet at a point between the front part of the mandrel carrier and the hollow wall of the billet. This may be done by producing a constriction of the front end of the hole in the billet before the mandrel is inserted therein or by upsetting the billet against the die.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of composite sections comprising at least two components. This is achieved by means of extrusion in particular using a light metal matrix, whereby at least one insert or similar component is fed into the stream of metal being extruded, on each side of the main axis in the region of the extrusion die bearing and covered all over with light metal as a result of pressure from all sides.

Abstract: A press for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes includes a die having a die opening therein and a mandrel projecting into the die opening and forming therewith a gap for shaping the tubular billet into a tube. The mandrel includes a carrier with a bore therein and a tip inserted in and filling the bore of the carrier. The tip includes an outer sleeve of hard metal and a core filling the sleeve formed of a material which has approximately the same E-modulus of the material of the carrier, such as steel. The inner end of the sleeve is enlarged and the front part of the carrier is compressed around the tip to fix the tip axially in the carrier.

Abstract: A press for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes includes a die with an opening and a mandrel which together with the opening forms a gap in which a tubular billet is shaped into a tube. The mandrel is formed of a carrier with a bore therein and a tip which is attached in the bore and projects into the die opening. A plate is positioned between the inner end of the tip and the bottom of the bore and is made of a material with at least substantially the same E-modulus as the material of the carrier. The innermost end of the mandrel has an enlargement thereon forming a shoulder and the material of the character is compressed against the tip beneath the shoulder so as to prevent axial movement of the tip.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously extruding non-ferrous metal is shown and described wherein solid metal, such as bar stock, is fed into an entry port of an entirely enclosed melting crucible until the crucible is full of molten metal. A seal is maintained between the metal being fed and the entry port to establish pressure in the crucible and to prevent leakage back through the entry port. When the crucible is full, means are provided to re-solidify the molten metal adjacent a closed exit port. Thereupon, the exit port is opened and the re-solidified metal is extruded through the exit port at the same volumetric rate as metal is fed through the entry port.

Abstract: A chamber having a first end and a second end and receiving a billet having an aperture therethrough slidably receives through the first end a die. A mandrel slidably extends through the second end of the chamber into the aperture of the billet and has a conical section extending into the zone of deformation of the die. Hydraulic cylinders having piston rods operatively associated with the die and the mandrel advance the die into the chamber through the first end thereof against the billet end, and simultaneously and at the same velocity retract the mandrel from the second end of the chamber, the zone of deformation of the die and the conical section of the mandrel defining a converging annular passageway through which the billet is extruded to produce tubing.

Abstract: A hydrostatic extrusion method and apparatus for the extrusion of tubes is disclosed wherein the simplified structure of the nose or tip portion of the billet and the cooperating surfaces of the die defining the die cavity and those of the mandrel facilitate an improved initial sealing among the associated surfaces of the die, billet and mandrel. Such an initial sealing is effected between such interfaces of the members and billet at a point which is located substantially rearwardly from the position at which the actual extrusion to the final tubular configuration occurs between the bearing portion of the die and the cooperating sizing portion of the mandrel. Such structure and method permits the extrusion of tubes having walls of asymmetric or non-circular configurations in cross section, even those of complex configurations.

Abstract: There are disclosed herein a method and an apparatus for manufacturing tubes or tubular bodies by means of hydrostatic extrusion, which tubes or tubular bodies have axially running holes therethrough having cross-sections of irregular shapes. The method and apparatus utilize a mandrel of novel construction which comprises a conical tip portion having a smooth peripheral surface, a cut or grooved intermediate portion with a sloped groove starting at a peripheral edge and a body portion formed with a flange and adapted to move longitudinally of a pressure chamber, as necessary. The conical tip portion is specifically intended to seal against the conical end of a metallic billet. Unless there is such a provision, there would be leakage of a fluid through the grooved portion because of direct contact of the grooved edge with the inner end surface of the billet.