Abstract: A FM output portable audio player is provided for digitally coupling audio signals generated therein to be broadcast through a radio receiver system, such as an automobile radio. The audio player includes an audio signal source for generating digital audio output signals. Digital audio interface circuitry is coupled directly to the digital audio output signals and includes a digital FM stereo/RDS multiplexer for modulating the digital audio output signals on a RF carrier to produce a modulated audio signal. An internal antenna is coupled to the digital FM stereo/RDS multiplexer. The portable audio player is capable of wirelessly transmitting the modulated signal to the radio receiver system. The digital audio interface circuitry is formed of integrated circuit chips which provides for lower cost, a compact size, and a higher audio quality.

Abstract: A soap holding device includes a base member having a first grid pattern with a plurality of apertures and a co-mating cover member having the capability of being lowered telescopically downwardly into the base member as a soap bar becomes smaller with use. The cover member also includes a second grid pattern with a plurality of apertures and an imprinting portion for imprinting designs onto the soap bar after every use when the cover member exerts pressure thereon to produce the capability of better skin exfoliation and deep cleansing.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for clock mode determination utilizing SCLK auto-detection and generation circuitry at a serial port which has a reduced number of pin-count by eliminating the need for inputting a master input clock signal MCLK and/or a serial input clock signal SCLK. The SCLK auto-detection and generation circuitry includes a SCLK detector circuit, a serial mode detector circuit, an internal SCLK generator circuit, a multiplexer, and an edge detector circuit. The SCLK detector circuit is used to detect whether an external serial clock signal is present and to generate a selection signal. The serial mode detector is used to detect whether an incoming data signal is in a non-TDM mode or a TDM mode and to generate a mode signal.

Abstract: A short-circuit indicator is provided for arrangement on an electrical line for electrical power distribution which includes a current transformer. The current transformer has an induction coil and an iron yoke for surrounding the electrical line to be monitored for a short-circuit current. The induction coil is seated on a base web of a U-shaped first yoke part. A second yoke part is connected in the form of a joint which can move between a closed position and an open position to one of two U-limbs of the first yoke part. The second yoke part forms a magnetic return path element for the first yoke part in the closed position. The first yoke part is split into two essentially L-shaped parts in the area of the base web to which the induction coil is fitted.

Abstract: A slip hitch connection to a drive vehicle for a snow plow comprises an elongated flat planar member that can be hooked on to a connecting lug of the drive vehicle, the flat planar member being mounted on the snow plow frame for reciprocal movement in each of a pair of spaced apart coupling assemblies secured to the snow plow frame for connecting the snow plow to the drive vehicle. Each of the elongated flat planar members have an upper and lower elongated guide slot in which guide bolts that move up and down as the snow plow itself is moved up and down are received to enable the guide bolts and snow plow to which they are connected make limited reciprocal movement up and down while hooked up to the drive vehicle and being pushed forward during a snow plowing operation.

Abstract: A data acquisition system includes a programmable gain amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, a filter, and control circuitry. The programmable gain amplifier is operatively connected to receive an analog input signal on its input and generates an amplified signal on its output in accordance with gain control signals. The analog-to-digital converter is operatively connected to receive the amplified signal from the amplifier and generates a digitized signal on its output. The filter is operatively connected to receive the digitized signal from the converter and generates a filtered digital signal on its output. The control circuitry is operatively connected to the amplifier and to the converter and is also responsive to the gain control signals for dynamically adjusting power between the amplifier and converter when the gain control signals are changed.

Abstract: A low-delay signal processing system and method are provided which includes a delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter, an oversampling processor, and a delta-sigma digital-to-analog converter. The delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter receives an input or audio signal and generates a digital sample signal at a high oversampling rate. The oversampling processor is connected to the analog-to-digital converter for processing the digital sample signal at the high oversampling rate with low-delay. The delta-sigma digital-to-analog converter is connected to the oversampling processor for receiving the digital sample signal at the high oversampling rate with low-delay for generating an analog signal. The oversampling processor includes a low-delay filter and a programmable delay element. In this manner, the analog signal is produced with a low delay and high accuracy.

Abstract: A non-integer CIC interpolation filter is provided for use in sigma-delta digital-to-analog systems, which realizes non-integer interpolation but eliminates the need for coupling of the integrators in the output domain. The present non-integer interpolation filter provides for more attenuation to all of the aliases of the input signal and has eliminated the need of complex computations.

Abstract: A filter window adapter unit adapted for use with a main split-sash window of school buses is provided. The adapter unit includes a mounting frame adapted to be installed over the main split-sash window of the school buses. An inner sash is disposed fixedly in a lower position in an inner track portion and carries a pane of glass. An outer sash is disposed movably in an outer track portion and carries an air filter. The outer sash is raised upwardly so as to cover a main window opening when the main split-sash is opened. As a result, the air filter prevents diesel fumes from the school buses from entering into the interior thereof.

Abstract: A manual switch remote controller is adapted for use with a power switch machine to electrically and selectively move switch points of a track switch between a normal position and a reverse position from a remote location in the field. In one preferred embodiment, the manual switch remote controller includes a first switch for selectively connecting and disconnecting a first source of DC operating power from first and second input terminals to first and second output terminals which are coupled to respective first and second input operating terminals of a biased-neutral controller. A second switch is used for selectively connecting and disconnecting a second source of DC controlling power from third and fourth input terminals to third and fourth output terminals which are coupled to respective third and fourth input control terminals of the biased-neutral controller.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for implementing non-integer sample hold operations in a sigma-delta digital-to-analog converter system includes an interpolation filter, a polyphase filter circuit, and a modulator. The polyphase filter circuit is used to virtual upsample a digital input signal by a predetermined non-integer upsample ratio of a relatively large number. The polyphase filter circuit is formed of a long zero-order hold and a short FIR filter so that only several branches associated with the polyphase filter circuit corresponding to output samples immediately after a transition of the digital input signal is required to be calculated, thereby reducing the need to store a large number of filter coefficients and eliminating complex computations.

Abstract: A finger-mounted tool device includes a finger-gripping sleeve formed of a hollow body tube and an abrading member. The hollow body tube is formed of a spirally wrapped progression of a spring material to provide an expanding and gripping nature and is bi-directional in use for fitting securely and comfortably onto any size of a user's finger. The abrading member has an abrasive surface and a backing surface. The backing surface is attached to the body tube.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter system comprises an analog-to-digital converter and a dither generator. The analog-to-digital converter receives an analog input signal and generates a digital signal that is proportional to the analog input signal. The output of the analog-to-digital converter is dominated by quantization error. The dither generator is responsive to a user-controlled input for generating an output signal. An adder sums the digital signal from the analog-to-digital converter with the output signal from the dither generator to provide a summed signal. The summed signal is either dominated by quantization noise or is properly dithered depending upon the user-controlled input.

Abstract: A non-integer decimation filter for decimating an input value includes a first integrator for integrating the input value in an input sample domain at an input sample rate and for generating a first integral of the input value at its output and a second integrator for integrating the first integral of the input value in the input sample domain at the input sample rate and for generating a second integral at its output. A calculation network is coupled to the outputs of the first and second integrators for combining the outputs of the first and second integrators with corresponding coefficients to generate intermediate output values in an output sample domain. A differentiator is configured to receive the intermediate output values from the calculation network and to generate a decimated output value at an output sample rate in which the output sample rate has a non-integer factor with respect to the input sample rate.

Abstract: A spark-based igniting system for internal combustion engines includes a cylinder, at least one piston, a combustion chamber, a spark insert, and a RF energy source. The piston is disposed within the cylinder for moving slidably between a top dead center position and a bottom dead center position. The combustion chamber is formed in fluid communication with the piston. The spark insert is disposed in a top surface combustion face of the piston. The RF energy source is formed on the cylinder and adjacent to the combustion chamber for generating spark ignition energies to the spark insert to cause igniting of air/fuel mixture within the combustion chamber when the piston reaches near the top dead center position.

Abstract: A slip hitch connection to a drive vehicle for a snow plow comprises an elongated flat planar member that can be hooked on to a connecting lug of the drive vehicle, the flat planar member being mounted on the snow plow frame for reciprocal movement in each of a pair of spaced apart coupling assemblies secured to the snow plow frame for connecting the snow plow to the drive vehicle. Each of the elongated flat planar members have an upper and lower elongated guide slot in which guide bolts that move up and down as the snow plow itself is moved up and down are received to enable the guide bolts and snow plow to which they are connected make limited reciprocal movement up and down while hooked up to the drive vehicle and being pushed forward during a snow plowing operation.

Abstract: A combine harvester for harvesting grain and seed crops includes a double unloading auger system for unloading in both directions of travel harvested feed grains produced in one round or two lengths of a field to storage area of transport vehicle. The double unloading auger system has a first main unloading auger assembly being selectively operable for discharging the harvested grain from a first side of the combine harvester to the transport vehicle and a second main unloading auger assembly being selectively operable for discharging the harvested grain from a second side of the combine harvester to the transport vehicle. A pair of transverse auger is located in a bottom wall of the grain tank and is selectively reversibly driven for delivery of the harvested grain from the grain tank to either the first main unloading auger assembly or the second main unloading auger assembly.

Abstract: A drain line re-perforator device for punching holes in clogged drain pipe sections in a sewage disposal system is provided. The re-perforator device includes an outer cylindrically-shaped housing member and a dual-actuating ram assembly disposed concentrically within the outer housing member. Three equally spaced-apart angled bracket members are mounted hingedly on the peripheral surface of the outer housing member and includes a punch bit positioned for outward radial movement. The ram assembly is formed of a cylinder and a piston rod. The piston rod is moved in a reciprocal motion from a retracted position to a an extended position so as to cause the angled bracket members to pivot outwardly and the punch bits to move outward radially for punching holes in the clogged drain pipe sections.