Patents Represented by Attorney Eugene I. Snyder

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  • Process for concurrent esterification and separation using a simulated moving bed
    Patent number: 5405992
    Abstract: A process for the continuous esterification of at least one alcohol and at least one carboxylic acid to form at least one ester and water, and the concurrent separation of the esterification products has been developed. The process uses a solid bed which as a catalyst for esterification and as an adsorbent for at least one of the products. The process preferably operates in the simulated moving bed mode. A specific embodiment of the invention is one where the simulated moving bed is a homogeneous mixture of at least one solid effective as an esterification catalyst and at least one solid effective as an ester or water adsorbent. Another specific embodiment is one where the simulated moving bed is a strongly acidic macroreticular polymeric resin effective both as an esterification catalyst and as an adsorbent for at least one esterification product.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 28, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 11, 1995
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Gregory A. Funk, James R. Lansbarkis, Ajay K. Chandhok
  • Catalyst for sweetening a sour hydrocarbon fraction containing metal oxide solid solution and magnesium oxide
    Patent number: 5401390
    Abstract: A catalyst and a process for using the catalyst have been developed. The catalyst is a metal chelate dispersed on a basic support which is a combination of a solid base and a secondary component. The solid base can be a solid solution of metal oxides and/or a layered double hydroxide (LDH) and the secondary component can be calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. The process involves contacting a sour hydrocarbon fraction which contains mercaptans with the catalyst in the presence of an oxidizing agent and a polar compound. Examples of these polar compounds are water and alcohols, with methanol being especially preferred. The process is unique in that the solid solution or LDH are solid bases which eliminates the need for a liquid base. Optionally, an onium compound may be used as a catalyst promoter.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 31, 1994
    Date of Patent: March 28, 1995
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Barret A. Ferm, Blaise J. Arena, Jennifer S. Holmgern
  • Substitution of Sn in place of Al in the framework of molecular sieve via treatment with fluoride salts
    Patent number: 5401488
    Abstract: Molecular sieve compositions are prepared by extracting aluminum and substituting chromium and/or tin for extracted aluminum to give molecular sieve products containing framework chromium and/or tin atoms. The process of preparing the chromium and/or tin-containing molecular sieves involves contacting a starting molecular sieve with a solution or slurry of at least one of a fluoro salt of chromium or a fluoro salt of tin under effective process conditions to provide for aluminum extraction and substitution of chromium and/or tin.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 26, 1992
    Date of Patent: March 28, 1995
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Gary W. Skeels, Diane M. Chapman, Edith M. Flanigen
  • Combination dehydrocyclodimerization and dehydrogenation process for producing aromatic and olefin products
    Patent number: 5401893
    Abstract: This invention deals with a process for converting aliphatic C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 hydrocarbons into C.sub.6.sup.+ aromatics and C.sub.3.sup.= /C.sub.4.sup.= olefins. The process involves combining dehydrocyclodimerization (DHCD) with dehydrogenation. Thus, the feedstream is first sent to a DHCD zone which produces an effluent stream which contains C.sub.6.sup.+ aromatics along with C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 hydrocarbons. This effluent stream is separated into a stream containing C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydrocarbons and one containing C.sub.6.sup.+ aromatics. The C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 containing stream is flowed to a dehydrogenation zone to produce C.sub.3.sup.= /C.sub.4.sup.= olefins.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 16, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 28, 1995
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Christopher D. Gosling, Joseph H. Gregor, Charles P. Luebke
  • Process for separating hydrocarbons using aryl-bridged polysilsesquioxanes
    Patent number: 5396020
    Abstract: A process to separate at least two classes of hydrocarbons of a solution using an aryl-bridged polysilsesquioxane adsorbent has been developed. The classes of hydrocarbons to be separated may be saturated hydrocarbons, unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. The aryl-bridging group may be phenylene, diphenylene, terphenylene, or anthrylene. A specific embodiment of the invention is one where the components of a solution of aromatic, unsaturated aliphatic, and saturated hydrocarbons are separated into an aromatic hydrocarbon portion, an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon portion, and a saturated hydrocarbon portion where the adsorbent is an aryl-bridged polysilsesquioxane.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 28, 1994
    Date of Patent: March 7, 1995
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventor: James R. Lansbarkis
  • Hydrothermally stable metal oxide solid solutions
    Patent number: 5393722
    Abstract: Ternary metal oxide solid solutions containing permutations of magnesium, nickel, and cobalt with trivalent metals such as aluminum, chromium, gallium, and iron show unusual resistance to rehydration. In addition, the ternary metal oxide solid solutions containing magnesium show unusual basic behavior with small incremental changes in magnesium content, especially where the magnesium represents under about 25 gram atom percent of all divalent metal cations. Such materials show promise as catalysts and adsorbents per se, and also have promise as hydrothermally stable carriers for catalytically active species.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 20, 1993
    Date of Patent: February 28, 1995
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventor: Jennifer S. Holmgren
  • Hydrocarbon conversion process using a fluorided beidellite clay
    Patent number: 5393411
    Abstract: Hydrocarbon conversion processes such as alkylation and hydrocracking are described which use as the catalyst a novel beidellite clay. The clay has the empirical formulaA.sub.x (Al.sub.4)(Si.sub.8-x Al.sub.x)(O.sub.20)(OH).sub.4-u F.sub.uwhere A is a cation such as an alkali metal, x is the moles of A and varies from about 0.1 to about 2, and u varies from about 0.1 to about 3.5. The clay is prepared from a reaction mixture containing reactive sources of aluminum and silicon, a cation salt, a fluoride source and water.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 25, 1994
    Date of Patent: February 28, 1995
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventor: Jennifer S. Holmgren
  • Regeneration of a modified alkylation catalyst with hydrogen
    Patent number: 5391527
    Abstract: Catalytic composites of the reaction product of a metal halide having Friedel-Crafts activity with the bound surface hydroxyl group of inorganic oxides and containing a zerovalent metal with hydrogenation activity, often are effective catalysts in motor fuel alkylation which, however, undergo rapid deactivation. Deactivated catalysts are readily regenerable by treating the composite from which alkylate feedstock has been removed with hydrogen at temperatures in the range of 10.degree. to 300.degree. C. Multiple regenerations are possible without appreciable activity loss.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 27, 1993
    Date of Patent: February 21, 1995
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Masami Kojima, Joseph A. Kocal
  • Pillared clay containing fluorided pillars
    Patent number: 5389593
    Abstract: Novel pillared clay compositions have been synthesized. The clay contains pillars which are at least partially fluorided. These pillars are metal fluoro hydroxy cations where the metal can be Al, Zr, Si/Al, Ti or Cr. The clays which can be pillared with these pillars are the smectite clays which include hectorite and beidellite along with synthetically prepared smectite clays. These clays are prepared by pillaring the clay, followed by calcination and then treatment with a fluoride salt such as ammonium bifluoride. Finally, these fluorided pillared clays find applications in hydrocarbon conversion processes such as alkylation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 12, 1993
    Date of Patent: February 14, 1995
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventor: Jennifer S. Holmgren
  • Naphthenic acid removal as an adjunct to liquid hydrocarbon sweetening
    Patent number: 5389240
    Abstract: Naphthenic acids may be efficiently and conveniently removed from liquid hydrocarbon feedstocks by passing such feedstocks through a bed of certain metal oxide solid solutions related to hydrotalcites. The removal of naphthenic acids is an important adjunct to sweetening sour feedstocks and is particularly applicable to kerosines whose acid numbers may range as high as about 0.8. The metal oxide solid solutions of our invention show high adsorption capacity and can readily remove at least 95% of the naphthenic acids present in a liquid hydrocarbon feedstock.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 2, 1993
    Date of Patent: February 14, 1995
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Ralph D. Gillespie, Blaise J. Arena
  • Process for producing aromatics from a C.sub.5 /C.sub.6 feedstream
    Patent number: 5386071
    Abstract: This invention relates to a process for convening C.sub.5 /C.sub.6 hydrocarbons to aromatic products, e.g., benzene, toluene, etc. The process involves first flowing the C.sub.5 /C.sub.6 feedstream to a first reaction zone where the C.sub.5 /C.sub.6 feed is convened to aromatics and C.sub.3 /C.sub.4 products which are then flowed to a second reaction zone where the C.sub.3 --C.sub.4 compounds are convened to aromatic compound along with formation of hydrogen and fuel gas products. The product stream from the second reaction zone is combined with the products from the first conversion zone and the entire stream separated into the desired components.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 19, 1993
    Date of Patent: January 31, 1995
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Paul J. Kuchar, Christopher D. Gosling
  • Optical fibers with a light absorbing coating
    Patent number: 5381505
    Abstract: Optical fibers having one or more polymeric coatings have been found to be sensitive to extraneous light arising either as incident light from outside the optical fiber or as light escaping the fiber at bends and being reflected back into the fiber by a coating acting as a secondary cladding. In either case the extraneous light intensity may be reduced by placing at least one light absorbing component in a coating. Where the light absorbing component is placed in a coating between the primary cladding of the optical fiber and the secondary cladding both sources of extraneous light may be reduced or eliminated. Particulate amorphous carbon is an effective light absorber because of the broad range of optical wavelengths absorbed and because of its efficiency of absorption (high extinction coefficient) over this range.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 28, 1993
    Date of Patent: January 10, 1995
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Frederick J. Fischietto, Ralph E. Jones, Steven W. Wilcox, Mark S. Zetter
  • Oxidative removal of aqueous metal-complexed cyanide under acidic conditions
    Patent number: 5376285
    Abstract: The oxidation of metal-complexed cyanide under acid conditions using oxygen as the oxidizing agent can be performed effectively with certain metal chelates as catalysts. Especially effective chelates are metal phthalocyanines, particularly where the metal is vanadium or a member of the iron group metals. The oxidation can be effected homogeneously using water soluble metal chelates, or can be performed heterogeneously, especially in a continuous fashion using a packed bed reactor, by using suitable water-insoluble metal chelates, especially when supported on appropriate carriers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 12, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 27, 1994
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Paul R. Kurek, Robert R. Frame, Tom N. Kalnes, Mark D. Moser
  • Process for forming acid functionalized organically-bridged polysilsesquioxanes
    Patent number: 5371154
    Abstract: A process for forming a solid acid catalyst where all of the add functionality is covalently bonded to the organic portion of an organically-bridged polysilsesquioxane framework has been developed. The process involves polymerizing a monomer through sol-gel processing to form an organically-bridged polysilsesquioxane, reacting an acid group onto the organic portion of the organically-bridged polysilsesquioxane, and recovering the acid functionalized product. The invention also includes the product acid functionalized organically-bridged polysilsesquioxane catalyst of the process described. The catalyst is unique in that the acid functionality is incorporated within an organic-inorganic hybrid framework as opposed to being attached to pendant organic groups.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 9, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 6, 1994
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Timothy A. Brandvold, Jennifer S. Holmgren, Thomas P. Malloy
  • Crystalline silicoalumino phosphates: SAPO-36 and SAPO-56
    Patent number: 5370851
    Abstract: This invention relates to novel silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves. These sieves are represented by the empirical formula:mR:(Si.sub.x Al.sub.y P.sub.z)O.sub.2where R represents at least one organic templating agent present in the intracrystalline pore system; m is the molar amount of R per mole of (Si.sub.x Al.sub.y P.sub.z)O.sub.2 and has a value from zero to about 0.3; x is the mole fraction of silicon and varies from about 0.01 to about 0.98, y is the mole fraction of aluminum and varies from about 0.01 to about 0.60, z is the mole fraction of phosphorus and varies from about 0.01 to about 0.52 and x+y+z=1. These sieves have the structure of SAPO-36 or SAPO-56 and are useful as hydrocarbon conversion processes.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 27, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 6, 1994
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventor: Stephen T. Wilson
  • Hydrocarbon conversion process using a chromium substituted molecular sieve
    Patent number: 5366616
    Abstract: This invention relates to hydrocarbon conversion processes using novel molecular sieve compositions as the catalyst. These molecular sieves contain chromium in the framework structure along with aluminum and silicon. The process of preparing the chromium-containing molecular sieves involves contacting a starting molecular sieve with a solution or slurry of a fluoro salt of chromium under effective process conditions to provide for aluminum extraction and substitution of chromium.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 24, 1992
    Date of Patent: November 22, 1994
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Gary W. Skeels, Diane M. Chapman, Edith M. Flanigen
  • Removal of sulfur compounds from liquid organic feedstreams
    Patent number: 5360536
    Abstract: A process for removing sulfur containing compounds from various liquid organic feedstreams has been developed. The process involves contacting the feed stream with a metal oxide solid solution which adsorbs the sulfur containing compounds. Examples of these solid solutions are Mg/Al and Ni/Mg/Al oxide solid solutions.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 9, 1993
    Date of Patent: November 1, 1994
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Laszlo T. Nemeth, Santi Kulprathipanja, Blaise J. Arena, Jennifer S. Holmgren
  • Epoxidation of olefins using a titania-supported titanosilicate
    Patent number: 5354875
    Abstract: The oxidation of olefinic compounds generally using hydroperoxides, especially aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide, can be effected in high yield and with good selectivity in the presence of a titania-supported titanosilicate catalyst. Dilute aqueous hydrogen peroxide solutions may be used with good results. The resulting epoxidation, even when carried out at modest temperatures and with dilute aqueous hydrogen peroxide solutions, afford superior results in epoxidation relative to TS-1.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 23, 1993
    Date of Patent: October 11, 1994
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Laszlo T. Nemeth, Thomas P. Malloy, Richard R. Jones
  • Transesterification using metal oxide solid solutions as the basic catalyst
    Patent number: 5350879
    Abstract: Base-catalyzed transesterification may be effected in the presence of certain metal oxide solid solutions and layered double hydroxides as the basic catalyst. Use of the latter materials as the base catalyst readily permits one to conduct transesterification in a continuous manner. Such a continuous process is applicable to esters generally and is not limited to any particular structural types of esters or alcohols. Transesterification of detergent range alkyl acetates by this method leads to the formation of the corresponding detergent range alcohols in excellent yield and with quite high selectivity.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 17, 1993
    Date of Patent: September 27, 1994
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventors: Dusan J. Engel, Thomas P. Malloy, Peter K. Nickl
  • Alkylation of aromatics using a fluorided silica-alumina catalyst
    Patent number: 5344997
    Abstract: A fluorided silica-alumina catalyst, particularly one with a silica:alumina ratio in the range of 1:1-9:1 containing from 1 to 6 weight percent fluoride, is particularly effective in the liquid phase alkylation of benzene by linear olefins to produce linear alkyl benzenes at temperatures no greater than 140.degree. C. These catalysts also are effective in the liquid phase alkylation of alkylatable aromatics generally with a variety of alkylating agents, including olefins, alcohols, and alkyl halides.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 14, 1992
    Date of Patent: September 6, 1994
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventor: Joseph A. Kocal