Abstract: A communications system and a method of transmitting physical channels in the communications system. A base station judges whether the orthogonality is effected among the physical channels before transmitting the physical channels. If the physical channels are non-orthogonal as a result of judgement, the base station determines starting points of transmission of the physical channels to be different from one another, and then transmits data to corresponding mobile stations through the physical channels having the different starting points of transmission.

Abstract: A L0 cache is provided that includes a plurality of memory cells, full swing signal bit lines coupled to the plurality of memory cells to output full swing data signals, small signal global bit lines coupled to the full swing signal bit lines to provide small signal data signals, and an alignment device to align signals on the small signal global bit lines.

Abstract: A communication system which has a plurality of mobile terminals and a base station, each of the mobile terminals and/or base station comprising a medium access control sub-layer, upper layers of the medium access control sub-layer, and a lower layer of the medium access control sub-layer, wherein the medium access control sub-layer is configured to perform self-basic functions in response to basic function execution requests or functions associated with the upper layers or lower layer in response to requests therefrom. According to the present invention, the communication system can provide a compatible multimedia communication service even if an originating terminal and a terminating terminal employ different communication manners, they are available from different manufacturers or they are operated by different communication service operators.

Abstract: A peak cancellation apparatus is included in a base station transmission unit to cancel the peak component of the peak signal. Thus, the base station transmission unit can be implemented with a lower capacity power amplifier. In addition, an existing power amplifier can be replaced with a low-priced power amplifier, so that an expense can be reduced. Moreover, since only the digital signal having the limited PAR is used, the degradation of the signal quality caused in conversion of the digital signal to the analog signal can be prevented. The peak cancellation apparatus includes a peak cancellation unit positioned between a multiplier and a pulse shaping filter or between the pulse shaping filter and a D/A converter and removing a peak component of the peak signal.

Abstract: An area array type semiconductor package includes a plurality of conductive media such as solder bumps or solder balls, attached to respective bond pads of a chip. The conductive media act as external output terminals. The chip is attached to a lead frame by a thermal conductive adhesive, and a predetermined area of the lead frame and the semiconductor chip are packaged with a molding resin. Leads of the lead frame are then trimmed and formed so that the lead frame, to which the semiconductor chip is adhered, acts as a heat sink. This allows the package to be used for a high-powered semiconductor device which radiates a high temperature heat. Also, because conductive media such as solder bumps or solder balls can be used to directly connect bond pads of the chip to conductive regions of a circuit board, a size of the semiconductor package can be minimized, the arrangement of the bonding pads on the chip can be easily planned, and electrical characteristics of the semiconductor package can be improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nitride semiconductor thin film and a method for growing the same. The present invention has an advantage in that a plurality of grooves are formed on a substrate by partially etching the substrate, and leg portions for preventing longitudinal growth of a nitride semiconductor are formed within the grooves so that the nitride semiconductor thin film is grown laterally to cover top portions of the leg portions, thereby ensuring growth of a high quality nitride semiconductor thin film.

Abstract: An optical fiber coupling system is provided which minimizes beam loss. The system includes a substrate with a laser beam emitting unit attached at one end, a first fine lens which focuses or collimates a vertical beam emitted by the laser beam emitting unit, a set of second fine lenses which focus or collimate a horizontal beam emitted by the laser beam emitting unit, and a beam output unit which outputs the beam focused or collimated by the first and second fine lenses. This arrangement reduces an alignment error associated with this type of optical system and improves a degree of beam focus. Additionally, the optical fiber coupling system can be made compact and available for mass-production.

Abstract: A method of converting audio data encrypted for anti-piracy and copyright protection to a suitable format so that the data can be played in a portable device. A computer first decrypts the encrypted audio data and inserts information for setting equalizer, then encrypts the audio data lightly with the information for setting equalizer and transmits the data to a portable device. The portable device sets equalizer suitable to the lightly-encrypted audio data using the information for setting equalizer inserted by the computer, then decrypts the lightly-encrypted audio data, and outputs the decrypted audio data while amplifying or attenuating audio data for each band according to the set equalizer. Therefore, heavily encrypted audio data can be playable in a portable device with relatively low computing power and, by setting equalizer mode suitable to a music genre, the audio data can be conveyed to a listener authentically.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a database (DB) synchronization apparatus of a transmission network system which includes a plurality of network elements (NEs) and an Element Management System (EMS). Each of the NEs may include a common memory in which DB information and alarm state information are rearranged and a sync-related memory of the same pattern as the common memory for maintaining DB identity with the EMS. The EMS may include a EMS sync-related memory for storing the DB and the information of the sync-related memory of the plurality of NEs, and a EMS common memory corresponding to the common memory (CM) of the NE. A common memory which reflects database information and the current alarm information to the NEs, and a sync-related memory which stores data prior to a T-second period are built on the NEs, and these two memories are compared in block units to thereafter transmit only modified block data to the EMS.

Abstract: A call connection is supported by first receiving a call connection request. After the call connection request is received, the loads supported by a plurality of packet processors are compared. The call connection is then assigned to the packet processor having a load that is no larger than the load supported by any other of the plurality of packet processors.

Abstract: A common channel signaling network, and more particularly, an apparatus and method for interworking between heterogeneous No. 7 signaling networks are provided. Additional functions required for interworking between heterogeneous No. 7 signaling networks can be minimized by managing a signaling network and handling a signaling message, respectively, during interworking between different No. 7 signaling networks. In addition, the reliability and performance of a signaling network can be maximized by using an already established function of managing each signaling network.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for providing multiple services and an apparatus for the same in a wireless packet data communication system. It guarantees various qualities of the services to a plurality of users by determining priorities of the mobile stations and an amount of resource allocated to each mobile station, and determining priorities of the multiple services and an amount of resource allocated to each service based on the resource allocated to each mobile station.

Abstract: A camera phone and photographing method for a camera phone is provided which allows a camera phone to easily and precisely set a composition of a subject to be photographed. If a standard, preset composition guideline is not appropriate for a particular subject to be photographed, a user may select from a plurality of additional composition guidelines stored in a memory portion of the camera phone. These selections may be altered to select a particular subject by varying characteristics such as type, shape, and color, and may be further altered by adjusting coordinate values of the related composition guideline to further suit the particular subject to be photographed. This camera phone and photographing method provide enhanced precision and ease of use when both photographing with a camera phone and editing using various computer-related tools.

Abstract: An electronic scale integrally formed within the housing of a piece of office equipment increases a user's work space in a home or business environment. The piece of equipment may be a personal computer or one of its peripheral devices. A mailing system automatically computes postal and/or private carrier rates for items of mail based on weight signals derived from the electronic scale. Since the scale is integrated into the computer, all mailing tasks are performed at a user's desk using the least space possible. The system is performed in accordance with a computer program which steps a user through the postage-computing method using one or more interactive display screens.

Abstract: A driving apparatus of an electroluminescent display device includes: a scan driving unit for receiving a voltage from a single voltage source and sequentially supplying a scan pulse of which polarity is reversed by the frame unit to scan lines; and a data driving unit for receiving the voltage and sequentially supplying a data pulse with an opposite polarity to the polarity of the scan pulse to data lines. An optimum voltage to a pixel cell can be supplied by completely removing electric charges charged in the pixel cell by reversing a positive pulse or a negative pulse generated by a single power source by the frame unit and supplying it to each data line and scan line.

Abstract: A system and method for remotely monitoring and/or controlling an apparatus and specifically for remotely monitoring and/or controlling street lamps. The lamp monitoring and control system comprises lamp monitoring and control units, each coupled to a respective lamp to monitor and control, and each transmitting monitoring data having at least an ID field and a status field; and at least one base station, coupled to a group of the lamp monitoring and control units, for receiving the monitoring data, wherein each of the base stations includes an ID and status processing unit for processing the ID field of the monitoring data.

Abstract: A control circuit corrects duty-cycle distortion of clock signals accurately and with a fast and continuous response over a wide dynamic range. In one embodiment, the duty-cycle correction circuit includes a self-biased loop that corrects duty-cycle distortions to preferably less than +/?1%. The duty-cycle correction circuit also compensates for changes in a supply voltage. These corrections may take place on a continuous basis, not only during a testing period but also during normal operation of the host system driven by the clock signals.

Abstract: A method of routing a packet in a routing device having a main processor that includes a main cache table and an instant cache table is disclosed. The instant cache stores a recent address and a recent interface associated with the most recent packet transmission process made by the routing device. The method includes the steps of receiving a packet that includes its destination address, checking whether the destination address belongs to the routing device, checking whether the destination address is identical to the recent address if the destination address does not belong to the routing device, and transmitting the packet to the recent interface if the destination address is identical to the recent address. As a result, the core information related to the routing path determination is stored not only in the routing table of the protocol layer but also in the main and instant cache tables included in the main processor.

Abstract: A touch pad device for a portable computer includes a key deck (20); a touch region (24) formed on a portion of the key deck (20); penetration portions (28) extending through the key deck (20) while being adjacent to the touch region (24); push buttons (32) integrally formed with the key deck (20) while being able to deform elastically inside the penetration portions (28); a touch pad (40) formed on a lower surface of the key deck (20) in a position corresponding to the touch region (24) for information input; a cover button (30) mounted on an upper surface of the key deck (20) to cover at least the push buttons (32) and the penetration portions (28), the cover button (30) having first and second button units (31) and (31?) able to deform elastically and compress the push buttons (32); and a board (42) having switches (44) toggled on/off by pushing the button units (31) and (31?).

Abstract: Disclosed is a sub picture control apparatus and method for a TV that can achieve an effective viewing of the sub picture. The apparatus includes a region data extracting section (52) for extracting region data included in a broadcasting signal tuned by a second tuner (43), a second luminance/chrominance (Y/C) separating section (45) for separating a chrominance signal and a luminance signal from the broadcasting signal selected by the second tuner (43), a region extracting section/scaler (46) for extracting a video signal of a region corresponding to a specified region information and performing a picture size adjustment with respect to the extracted video signal, and a control section (53) for controlling a region extracting section/scaler (46) to extract the video signal corresponding to a region information extracted from the region extracting section/scaler (46) and controlling a video processing section (48) to process an output signal of the region extracting section/scaler (46).