Abstract: A speaker protection circuit comprises a detection circuit connected to the output of a power amplifier circuit and detecting overvoltage exceeding a predetermined level developing at the output, and a first relay circuit to disconnect a loudspeaker from the output of the power amplifier circuit when the detection circuit detects the overvoltage, the speaker protection circuit further comprising a second relay circuit which causes a power supply circuit connected with the power amplifier circuit to drop or cut off the supply voltage to the power amplifier circuit when the overvoltage develops at the output of the power amplifier circuit. The second relay circuit has normally closed contacts connected between a secondary winding of a power transformer of the power supply circuit and a rectifier circuit. In order to drop the supply voltage to the power amplifier circuit, a resistor is connected in parallel with the normally closed contacts.

Abstract: Outriggers of a trimaran mounted on hinged arms for swinging from a sailing position to an alongside position are braced in sailing position in each case by a tension cable having its ends fixed with respect to the outrigger at the connection with the arms and its center detachably fastened to an eye affixed to the main hull. Each tension cable is tightened by a bridle bridging the midpoint of the cable pulled towards the outrigger by a tackle of which the free end is secured to the main hull. If the point at which the middle of the tension cable is secured to the main hull is lower than the places where the ends of the cable are anchored, tightening the tension cable tends to relieve the arms of strains produced by the buoyancy of the lee outrigger.

Abstract: Disclosed is a seesaw switch with a light emitting diode element in which a light emitting portion of the light emitting diode element is disposed on the surface of a seesaw button. The base of the light emitting diode element is attached to a holder, lead wires of the element extending along the outer surface of the holder. The holder is received by a receiving portion of a rockable member, which is rockably borne on a case. The rockable member is fitted with a spring-biased rod, which, accompanying the rocking of the rockable member, slides on a movable contact laid on two switching terminals and a common terminal fixed to the bottom portion of the case for seesaw motion. Also fixed to the bottom portion of the case are two terminals for supplying electric power to the light emitting diode element.

Abstract: A sealed beam lamp for an automobile comprises a halogen bulb mounted on a reflector. A bracket is mounted on the reflector and has a socket recess in which a pinch sealed portion of the halogen bulb is inserted and held, for example with an adhesive agent.

Abstract: The various air motors of a rock drilling rig are supplied with oil through oil lines which are furnished with predetermined metered oil flows from positive displacement pumps that are operated in synchronism with each other by an air operated oscillator. There is a normally closed shut-off valve in each oil line. The respective shut-off valve is opened when the respective air line is pressurized. When a shut-off valve is closed, the respective metered oil flow escapes through a pressure relief valve.

Abstract: Process for forming high-contrast silver images which comprises treating a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material provided with a hydrophilic colloidal layer containing a silver halide emulsion layer coated on a support and containing a tetrazolium compound, after imagewise exposure, with a developer and/or a processing solution prior to the developing, both of which contains at least a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound substituted with at least mercapto, thioketone or thioether group.

Abstract: A vibration damper for an impact tool comprises a damping material which at least partly surrounds the working part of the tool, a heat shrinkable sleeve for holding the damping material in place on the working part of the tool.

Abstract: At least two sensors are used, providing electrical output signals to indicate alarm conditions, one of the sensors being a bipolar ion sensor having a shielded ion chamber formed to slow or brake atmospheric currents therethrough, and a second sensor which operates essentially in unipolar mode having an ion chamber freely accessible to atmospheric flow therethrough.

Abstract: An orthodontic threading tool comprises a handle portion having at one or both ends thereof a shank portion extending from the handle portion, a loop portion extending from the shank portion and a threading portion extending from the loop portion. The loop portion extends from the shank in the direction away from the longitudinal axis of the shank. The threading portion extends away from the loop portion such that at least part of the threading portion is located on the opposite side of the longitudinal axis of the shank from that of the loop portion. The threading portion has a curved or bent area defining a camming or bearing surface along which said threading portion is engageable with an arch wire or the like so as to permit a revolving action of the free end of the threading portion about the arch wire or the like. A hook member is provided at the free end of the threading portion for engaging an orthodontic thread, or the like.

Abstract: A lift truck comprising an open-frame carriage having at least two longitudinal frame girders, two lifting arms, each of which is pivotally mounted relative to its respective longitudinal frame girder for pivotal movement relative to its respective frame girder; and a lifting yoke turnably mounted between the two lifting arms and being further tiltable relative to the lifting arms, the lifting yoke being turnable, relative to the lifting arms through an angle of at least 90.degree., and preferably about 110.degree..

Abstract: The coupling mechanism comprises a pair of spaced connecting rods secured to the stern of a barge and apparatus mounted on the tug for receiving the connecting rods. The rod receiving apparatus comprises a pair of vertical circular disc members each having a diameter smaller than the spacing between the connecting rods. Contact members are secured to the peripheries of the circular disc members to form a V shaped groove therebetween for receiving the connecting rods. The circular disc members are urged toward each other by a spring, and stop members are provided to limit the rotational movement of the circular disc members. A cushion member is provided to absorb the shock created when the tug and barge are coupled together. Further, a holding device is provided for holding the coupling mechanism in an operative state or in an inoperative state.

Abstract: A process for preparing protocatechualdehyde or a 3-alkoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde which comprises subjecting catechol or a 2-alkoxyphenol to reaction with glyoxylic acid in a basic aqueous medium in the presence of a catalyst containing one or more compounds selected from aluminium oxide, silicon oxide and hydrated aluminium oxide in an amount of not less than 0.01 g per 1 g of the starting catechol or 2-alkoxyphenol at a temperature of 0.degree. to 50.degree. C., and then oxidizing the thus obtained reaction mixture in a basic medium.

Abstract: Flour bread or rye bread containing a suitable amount of rice vinegar. The production steps of the bread comprise adding rice vinegar to flour or rye powder together with a predetermined amount of water in the dough kneading step in an amount of 180ml to 450ml relative to 25kg of the powder, followed by fermenting and, then, baking the dough.

Abstract: A foot switch includes a lower case made of a synthetic resin and having an engaging bent portion on an integrally formed strip; and a tread plate made of a synthetic resin and having an integrally formed strip with an engaging slit in which the engaging bent portion is inserted. A microswitch is operated when the tread plate is downwardly pressed by a foot.

Abstract: A moveable mass is part of a resilient spring system, in which the spring is a leaf spring restrained in a housing. Strain gauges are applied to the leaf spring, the outputs of which are integrated in a bi-polar integrator. Vibration of the leaf spring will cause sequential integration in reverse direction and, accordingly, a low output signal; deflection of the mass, for example upon on impact, will cause the integrator to provide a strong integrating signal which can trigger a collision safety system. The inherent, or characteristic frequency of the system is so selected that it is above the frequency occurring upon an impact of the sensor, or upon collision, but below the frequency occurring due to concussions to which the vehicle, or the mounting post of the apparatus on the vehicle, is subjected in use, or repair.

Abstract: Alkoxylated .beta.-lactam compound useful as an intermediate for various cephalosporin (or penicillin) derivatives which may be prepared by reacting a 7-sulfenylaminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfenylaminopenam compound) with an oxidizing agent or reacting a sulfinylaminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfinylaminopenam compound) with a dehydrated agent to give a sulfenyliminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfenyliminopenam compound) and reacting the latter compound with an alcohol in the presence of a base, an organic acid or a Lewis acid.

Abstract: 4-(2-Oxo- or hydroxyimino-cycloalkan-1-ylmethyl)phenylacetic acid derivative and nontoxic pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are useful as an anti-inflammatory agent. The above 2-oxo-compound may be prepared by (a) hydrolyzing and decarboxylating 4-(1-alkoxycarbonyl-2-oxocycloalkan-1-ylmethyl)phenylacetic acid ester derivative or (b) reacting p-halomethylphenylacetic acid ester derivative with an enamine of cycloalkanone and hydrolyzing the resulting product. And further, the above 2-hydroxyimino-compound may be prepared by (c) reacting 4-(2-oxocycloalkan-1-ylmethyl)phenylacetic acid derivative (the product of process (a) or (b)) with hydroxylamine or (d) reacting a dilithium salt of cycloalkanone oxime with p-halomethyl- or p-sulfonyloxymethyl-phenylacetic acid ester derivative and hydrolyzing the resulting product.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for tightening a screw joint to a predetermined axial load F.sub.p providing the spring constant k=F/.phi. of the joint is known, wherein the joint stiffness or torque/rotation radient dM/d.phi. is calculated during the tightening process and the torque application on the joint is interrupted as a torque level M.sub.s is obtained that according to the spring constant or axial load/rotation relationship F/.phi. and the calculated joint stiffness dM/d.phi. corresponds to the predetermined axial load F.sub.p.

Abstract: A device for detecting the impedance of the skin of a human body as a change of electric current comprises a time limit circuit which permits actuation of the device only one time according to a signal detected. A searching bar is coupled to the time limit circuit and has a curved or bent portion near which a luminous element is disposed. This searching bar may have adjustable sensitivity.

Abstract: To render an ionization-type sensing element essentially immune to changes in ambient conditions, principally temperature or operating voltage, while still using low-current draining circuits to sense response of the ionization chamber of the sensor, the threshold response level of a field effect transistor (FET) is arranged to have approximately the same temperature response characteristic, within the range of ambient temperature considered, as the ionization cell so that the overall circuit or system combination of the cell and FET amplifier will have a response which is essentially independent of ambient temperature or similar conditions. The source path of the FET is connected to a voltage divider which is so dimensioned that the voltage division ratio (R.sub.2 /R.sub.1) is related to the temperature coefficient (.alpha.) of the base-emitter voltage of the FET and the temperature coefficient (.beta.) of the measuring ionization cell chamber:R.sub.2 /R.sub.1 =(.beta./.alpha.)-1.