Abstract: An extremely light and low friction plunger piston for internal combustion engines, particularly Otto-type engines for private cars. The piston has the following ratios and dimensions(H/D)=0.20-0.35(T/D)=0.22-0.38(A/D)=0.15-0.25(B/D)=(A/D)whereinD=piston diameterH=compression height between a top of the head and the gudgeon pin bore axisT=distance from the radially outer boss faces to the piston axisA=axial skirt dimension below annular groove nearest the pin bore axis at a peripheral zone of the skirt extending over an angle .alpha. of 15 to 60 degrees to either side of a connecting rod oscillating planeB=axial skirt dimension below said annular groove in a direction along said gudgeon pin axis;and further wherein the distal end of the skirt is reduced radially over an axial dimension of 10-25% of an axial length of the skirt in said direction along said gudgeon pin axis, said distal end being reduced at its edge by 0.01-0.15 mm.

Abstract: A recessed lamp reflector has an integrally formed trim ring and fluorescent tube receptacles on opposite sides of an upper portion of the reflector. Fluorescent tubes extend across and downward, in the reflector, crossing at a central point within an upper portion of the reflector. Ballasts are mounted on an upper surface of the reflector between lamp receptacles. A cover covers the ballast and receptacles and interconnections and rests on top of the reflector.

Abstract: A second lamp is connected to power terminals upon each alternate switching off of a first lamp so that, upon each alternate switching on of the first lamp, the second lamp is illuminated. A magnetic latching relay switches the second lamp into and out of the circuit. The relay is powered by the discharge of one of two capacitors. One capacitor powers a set circuit of the latching relay, and another capacitor powers a reset circuit. Only one of the capacitors is charged at any one time. While power is applied to the power terminals to illuminate the first light, one capacitor is held discharged while the other capacitor is charged in preparation for powering the latching relay. The discharge of the charged capacitor through the latching relay is controlled electronically by a triac having a control terminal which is brought to control voltage by a fourth capacitor after a third capacitor has been discharged over a predetermined short time.

Abstract: Three embodiments for a holder for film, papers, canvas, sheets and the like, are disclosed. Each of the embodiments presented utilizes gravity in some fashion for the holding function. The invention generally comprises a recessed horizontal groove located upon a vertical planar surface which is covered by the holding assembly. The holding assembly comprises a vertical planar cover, the bottom edge of which participates in the holding. An object to be held is slipped between the bottom edge and the vertical planar surface and extended into the groove. Whereupon gravity means holds the object in a hanging fashion.

Abstract: Two concentric vertical cylinders are separated by three radial partitions. An opening at the bottom of one of the partitions connects an air cell on one side of the partition with an outlet chamber on the other side of the partition. The two other partitions form sides of an inlet chamber, which receives fluid from outside the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder has a central pumping section positioned between upper and lower valve sections. In the valve sections ports extend through the inner cylinder wall to the inlet and outlet chambers. Spring loaded valves close the ports. Tension springs extend across the inlet chamber or compression springs extend across the inner cylinder to close the inlet valves. Tension springs extend across the inner cylinder to close the outlet valves. The elastomeric valve flaps have rigid curved backing members. A piston rod extends through one end cover to move a piston in the central section.

Abstract: A guide for protecting threads and seals when joining lengths of production tubing has a guiding portion made of two semicyclindrical polypropylene elements, which when placed together have an annular cross section and form a funnel-like upper end. A strap made of two generally semicircular halves fits within an outer recess on the surfaces of the guiding elements. Abutting edges of the strap halves are constructed with interfitting projections and a central recess for a torsion spring. A hinge pin extends through the projections and the torsion spring. Opposite edges of the strap halves have central recesses to receive a latch. Pins extend axially through the recesses. A latch is pivoted on one pin and engages the other pin when the latch is closed. Handles fit in diametrically opposite circular recesses between the hinge pin and latch pins. The handles are secured by large bolts having heads which engage internal recesses in the guide halves.

Abstract: A vehicle attachment has a pivoting frame connected to the rear driven axle of a vehicle, drivable wheels mounted on opposite ends of a drivable axle, an adjustable tension element that is capable of providing varying degrees of downward force on the drivable wheels. A sprocket is connected to the vehicle rear axle and another sprocket is connected to the drivable axle, the two sprockets being interconnected by a chain such that rotation of the vehicle rear axle causes rotation of equal velocity of the drivable axle.

Abstract: In an electro-discharge machining apparatus for progressively conducting precise machining through relative approach movements between an electro-discharge machining electrode and a workpiece in the horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to a direction in which the electrode is opposed to the workpiece, a pattern generator generates basic movement patterns for relative approach movements, a pattern designator designates desired patterns in basic movement patterns to respective sections obtained by dividing a movement region of respective approach movements within the horizontal plane, step amount designators designate the step amounts for actual relavtive approach movements in the respective sections, and actual trajectories are computed for actual relative approach movements based on data designated by the pattern designator and step amount designator.

Abstract: A directional antenna for an electromagnetic sensing system comprises a generally cylindrical tube of electrically-conductive material a portion of the tube being cut away to define a transversally-facing window. The non-cut away portion of the tube provides a backing shield for a pair of antenna elements mounted on a generally `V`-shaped support. A cover of dielectric material is arranged over the antenna elements.

Abstract: Effective active storage volume of an ice dispenser is increased by an upward and forward sloping bottom wall with a compound curve. A stainless steel helically bent auger rod has a conical shape and closely fits within a trough having a relatively large radius at a rear and a relatively small radius at a front. Larger radius curved lateral areas complete the bottom wall. Ice moves upward toward the front of the bin and then upward at an obtuse angle toward the top of the bin and then tumbles rearward and downward. The rotating auger prevents bridging and continually pushes more ice forward than is dispensed. A helical auger with solid flytes radially extends from a forward portion of the shaft to move ice cubes through the dispensing opening in the front wall at the front end of the trough.

Abstract: In a vehicle automatic transmission system employing a gear-type transmission, the system has a selector having a drive position for allowing automatic gear-change operation over a plurality of gear positions and a gear-holding position provided adjacent to the drive position, and the gear-change operation is limited below a gear position or is fixed at the gear position which is decided the actual gear position at the time a operation lever of the selector is moved from the drive position and the gear-holding position, whereby the system enables gear holding in each of the gear position by only providing the selector one with additional position.

Abstract: In a process for hydrogenation of coal, comprising a sequence of reaction steps, connected in series, in which finely divided coal is mixed with oil and pumped to pressure, subsequently is heated to the hydrogenation starting temperature and then is subjected to catalytically activated hydrogenation, in the presence of hydrogen, wherein at least part of the heat required for heating is transferred to the coal by direct heat exchange with the hot product vapors; thereafter extracting a portion of the liquid intermediate product present in the reaction step downstream of the last reaction stage, and feeding, at least part of such product to the coal slurry which has been pumped to pressure. Preferably, the first reaction step is a preliminary reactor and the liquid intermediate product is fed to the coal slurry together with the hot product vapors.

Abstract: A disposable lighter has an elongated body and an L-shaped clip that has a dual purpose of actuating a release valve for gaseous fuel and securing the lighter within a user's pocket. Simplicity in design renders the device easy to manufacture, reliable in performance, and disposable after exhaustion of the fuel supply.

Abstract: The invention regards a procedure and a device to deoxidize metal melts by using a reducing agent which is introduced into the metal melt. In order to be able to produce metal melts with the lowest possible oxygen contents in the simplest and most economical manner, it has been determined to use alcohol, molasses or lignin, or a mixture of these materials, as reducing agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to an anti-theft steering lock for automobile vehicle, of the type comprising a bolt thrust elastically into the locking position and controlled by the rotation of a key rotor, and means for retaining the bolt in the retracted position which are set out of action by the withdrawal of the key.

Abstract: In a solenoid valve with ON/OFF switch arranged by a valve member and the associated valve seat defined in an electrically conductive body, the solenoid valve has a stopper connected to the valve member for setting the stroke of the valve member and is guided by an insulating guide member mounted on the body in such a way that the stopper comes in contact with only one of the end portions of the guide member when the solenoid actuator is in the de-energized state and this end portion is acting as an electrically insulating stopping member for the stopper.

Abstract: An intravenous needle with a sharpened distal end has a proximal end fixed within a first enlarged end of an inner tube. The enlarged end of the inner tube is held tightly within a first end of an outer tube by friction. The needle passes through a constricted opening in the first end of the outer tube. The second end of the inner tube passes through a constricted opening in the second end of the outer tube. The needle is used by gripping soft plastic wings on the outer tube and removing a needle cover from a nipple on the first end of the outer tube. The needle is then inserted in the desired location and the outer tube and a protruding end of the inner tube are taped in place. Fluids are permitted to flow through the inner tube and needle. When use is complete, the needle is removed from the vein, the protruding end of the inner tube is pulled outward, pulling the first end of the inner tube and the needle into the outer tube.

Abstract: A bearing has a self-lubricating liner including sheets of felted polytetrafluoroethylene fibers impregnated with cured phenolic resin having no surface bonding to the fibers. Sheets of fibrous fabric are felted to sheets of felted fibers. Sintered particles are dispersed in the low friction surface of the liner. Liners are formed by air drying resin-impregnated sheets of felted fibrous material. The resin may be cured in a heated platen press before assembly of the bearing. The bearing is assembled by deforming bearing members to form an interference fit between the members and a bearing liner disposed therebetween. Parting compound applied to one of the bearing members prevents bonding of the liner to that member when the liner is baked to cure the resin and bond the liner to the other member.Bushes and bushings having self-lubricating linings are disclosed. Arbors and mandrels form an interference fit between the linings and bushes and bushings during assembly.