Abstract: An emergency alert system for alerting DSL subscribers of imminent perils includes an alert server connected over a direct link to an edge node of a metro network for receiving an event notification, configuring from an event notification a highest priority alert message, and broadcasting the alert message to subscriber terminals over the metro network. An Add-Drop Multiplexer (ADM) multiplexes the alert traffic with the regular traffic onto the direct link, and the multiplexed traffic reaches the edge node of the metro network, which is configured with a high priority policy. The edge node discards the lower priority traffic in the presence of the alert traffic and an applet installed on the subscriber terminal accepts and displays the alert message in a browser or a media player.

Abstract: A printed circuit board may include a memory controller, a plurality of synchronous data memory devices, each synchronous memory device including at least one data pin and at least one address/command pin, an ECC memory device including at least one ECC data pin and at least one ECC address/command pin, and at least one surface. The plurality of synchronous data memory devices may be arranged around a central location on the at least one surface and each synchronous data memory device may be oriented such that the at least one data pin is further from the memory controller than the at least one address/command pin.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for controlling access to a wireless network by a remote terminal in a restricted frequency band in accordance with authorization conditions defined by geographic location. The remote terminal has a geographic self locating capability from which a location specifier is generated. The location specifier is compared to a geographic zone map which has information pertaining to conditions for authorizing communications in the restricted frequency band for various different geographic zones. Depending upon which geographic zone the remote terminal is in or nearby, power level, and time period of communication vary.

Abstract: A method for analyzing the mitochondrial function of a subject involves: conducting a first test wherein the average oxygen consumption of the subject during exercise is measured while the subject is breathing air having a first oxygen concentration, preferably room air having a concentration of 20-21% by weight; conducting a second test wherein the average oxygen consumption of the subject during exercise is measured while the subject is breathing air having a second oxygen concentration, preferably air having an oxygen concentration of 30-33% by weight; measuring first and second energy quotients obtained from the first and second tests, respectively; and then using the energy quotients to calculate the subject's Mitochondrial Factor. The Mitochondrial Factor is directly proportional to the subject's mitochondrial efficiency and function. If conducted periodically, the method can be used to determine whether the subject's mitochondrial efficiency is increasing or decreasing over time.

Abstract: A printed circuit board card comprising: a printed circuit board having a first thickness and having first and second edges for inserting into respective channels of card guides, the channels of the card guides for receiving printed circuit boards having a second thickness, the second thickness being greater than the first thickness; and, first and second thickness adaptors each having a third thickness applied at the first and second edges, respectively, a sum of the first and third thicknesses approximating the second thickness, to thereby align the printed circuit board in the channels of the card guides.

Abstract: A clock regeneration circuit and method including an asynchronous clock signal input to a meta-stability filtering circuit, a synchronous clock signal input to the meta-stability filtering circuit with a frequency lower than the asynchronous clock signal, and being over-sampled and rate adapted to the asynchronous clock signal, an edge detector detecting an edge of the output of the meta-stability filtering circuit, a regenerated clock signal output therefrom, and a clock regeneration stage receiving an input that is the edge-detected output.

Abstract: A connection system for a communication switch is provided. The switch comprises a controller and shelves providing communication capabilities for the switch. The controller is able to communicate with each shelf shelves utilizing categories of communication signals. The connection system comprises connections providing signalling links for the categories of communication signals between the controller and the each shelf. The connections are bundled together in a single, collective span of cable and each connection provides its individual category communication signals independently of the other connections.

Abstract: A method of detecting missing fragments and idle links in a link bundle for a multilink protocol, and devices provisioned with program instructions for performing the method, employs a plurality of masks to track the links in the bundle that are active. Idle links are excluded from a determination about whether buffer cleanup should be run in order to reduce unnecessary buffer usage caused by orphaned fragments.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and method of a selecting an egress connection from egress connections at a node for a call being established in a network along a path being associated with the node. Each connection has sufficient bandwidth to carry the call and terminates at a same destination point in said path. The system and method comprise utilizing at least a bandwidth load balance value for each connection in a set of the connections to select the egress connection from the set. An administrative factor score may be used to further define members of the set.

Abstract: A method and system for filtering malicious packets received at the edge of a service provider (SP) domain is provided. A protocol aware border element identifies the protocol used by any ingress packet, and then determines which domain-specific information is used in the application payload of the packet to form the source identity. If this packet pretends to come from the SP domain, and no domain entity is allowed to roam, the packet is identified as illegitimate and is subjected to a given security policy. The border element also identifies as legitimate the SP domain entities that are allowed to roam, and legitimate sources outside said SP domain that communicates customary with entities in the SP domain.

Abstract: The invention enables an LSP or embedded LSPs to be mapped directly to an SPVC and carried over the ATM network. A unidirectional SPVC is established by associating it to a particular ingress LSP at the SPVC source endpoint on a multi-service switch, and to an egress LSP on the SPVC destination endpoint on another multi-service switch. The information necessary to establish the SPVC is appended in the SPVC setup message and includes LSP specific information such as the far end router ID and LSP label information, be it transport label or the full label stack. The information in the modified setup message is then used by the destination endpoint to find and connect the SPVC to the correct LSP. Incoming traffic from the LSP is switched to the SPVC at the source endpoint. The SPVC carries this traffic through the ATM network, and then the traffic is switched to the egress LSP when it emerges from the ATM network at the destination endpoint.

Abstract: The PIP system enables display of a mosaic of favorite channels in a Picture-in-Picture (PIP) format to a subscriber terminal. Picture-in-Picture support is efficiently provided by sending only I-Frames of the secondary video channel to the end-user. That is, any unnecessary packets (null, B-P frames, audio, etc.) in the secondary video channel are stripped away. This method uses very little bandwidth and is STB agnostic.

Abstract: In a system that provides decoding of A/V streams, this invention reduces switching delays between different streams by modifying the Program Identification (PID) values of the Audio and Video data to respective PID values that are already known by the decoder. This technique allows the decoder to stay in a run state when switching between A/V streams, thereby reducing channel change times.

Abstract: At telecommunications switches and routers, RED (random early packet discard) uses the queue depth to determine whether to keep or discard each packet as it arrives at a queue. This is done by determining a discard probability (P), which is dependent on the average depth of the queue, and comparing the discard probability to a random number. One way of performing the invention uses the summed discard probabilities, instead of counting the number of packets (count) and multiplying that by the current discard probability, as in the prior art. The resulting sum is compared to the random number for discard operation. The disclosure further describes a more accurate way of calculating average depth of a queue, especially when the queue encounters periods of idleness.

Abstract: A method of collecting consistent flow statistics through multiple congestion points within a multi-service switch/router is enabled by computing a payload length of each traffic unit received from a fabric of the switch/router. A PHY-level header containing the payload length, a class of service and a service ID is appended to the switch-internal encapsulated payload. Information associated with the PHY-level header is used at physical level congestion points to collect consistent flow statistics.

Abstract: A method for updating a current network flow statistic stored in a memory device, comprising: storing a first statistic and a first address corresponding to a location in the memory device in a first stage of a multiple stage delay pipeline; shifting the first statistic and the first address to successive stages of the pipeline during successive clock cycles; at a middle stage of the pipeline, sending a read signal to the memory device to read the current statistic from the location; at a last stage of the pipeline, receiving the current statistic from the memory device in response to the read signal, adding the first statistic to the current statistic to generate an updated statistic, and sending a write signal to the memory device to write the updated statistic to the location; and, if a second statistic for the first address is stored in the first stage of the pipeline while the first statistic is stored in any but the first and last stages of the pipeline, replacing the first statistic with a sum of the f

Abstract: A distributed authentication framework is presented. The framework includes an authentication stack that is created by an authentication server. The server receives an authentication request from an end-user, the request including an authentication domain ID that distinguishes the end-user. The authentication stack has entries that trigger local or remote specific authentication actions providing respective results. When the results are consolidated the authentication status of the end-user is determined.

Abstract: An access system, such as a DSL (Digital Subscriber Line), includes a multiplexer for connecting subscriber devices, such as telephones and/or IP terminals, to a subscriber line; and an access multiplexer for connecting subscriber lines to a backbone network. The access system may also include a gateway for connecting the backbone network to a first system. When the access system receives a voice call to a second system via the telephone system and the first system employs a voice coding method, the access system is arranged to negotiate with the second system a type of voice codec to be used in both the first and second system. The access systems is configured to transmit an encoded voice signal from the subscriber device or the multiplexer to the first system and to transmit an encoded voice signal from the first system to the subscriber device or the multiplexer.

Abstract: One or more content sequences are created from a store of video content, which could simply be broadcast content which has been captured and stored at a server within a network. The content sequences are generated according to the viewer's specified, or demonstrated, viewing preferences. The viewer preferences are captured form entry by the user themselves, or by observation of their viewing habits. Multiple ‘users’ per household and multiple content sequences per viewer are possible. A content sequences is then streamed to the viewer, and looks to him/her just like a TV channel: when one program ends, another starts automatically. It is also possible for a viewer to select an item within the content sequence using an interactive program controller.

Abstract: Symmetric Connection Detection (SCD) is a method of detecting when a connection has been fully established in a resource-constrained environment, and works in high-speed routers, at line speed. Many network monitoring applications are only interested in connections that become fully established, so other connection attempts, such as port scanning attempts, simply waste resources if not filtered. SCD filters out unsuccessful connection attempts using a simple combination of Bloom filters to track the state of connection establishment for every flow in the network. Unsuccessful flows can be filtered out to a very high degree of accuracy, depending on the size of the bloom filter and traffic rate. The SCD methodology can also easily be adapted to accomplish port scan detection, and to detect or filter other types of invalid TCP traffic.