Abstract: An optical interconnection arrangement comprises a plurality of substantially parallel optical interconnection channels. In each channel, there are an optical source, an optical receiver, a first lens and a second lens. The first lens conveys light from the source to the second lens, and the second lens refocusses the light at the receiver. Each source and the associated first lens are offset one relative to the other by a predetermined distance in a direction transverse to an optical axis of the first lens. The corresponding receiver and the associated second lens are offset one relative to the other by the same distance but in the opposite direction to the offset between the source and first lens. Each offset is equal and opposite to the corresponding offset in an adjacent channel.

Abstract: A liquid high pressure splaying extraction process by means of compressed gas is disclosed. A liquid and gas are mixed in a mixing zone and substances contained in the spray particles that leave the mixing zone are separated in a separate loading zone, where spray particles are able to dwell for a sufficient period of time. Geometrically optimized flight paths for substance transfer are provided.

Abstract: Concurrent determinations of errors for application of corrections to sensor data signals from an orbiting space vehicle to reduce or to eliminate the three components of boresight error. To locate more accurately the geographical position of targets detected by the sensors of an orbiting satellite, the pitch, roll, and yaw boresight errors caused by distortions or misalignments in the focal plane of the sensors are compensated for by comparing known position coordinates of an object (such as a star) to the observed position coordinates. The known position coordinates are converted to sensor coordinates by a series of intermediate coordinate conversions, essentially from the celestial frame of reference to an earth-centered frame of reference to a satellite attitude frame of reference to the satellite frame of reference to the sensor frame of reference.

Abstract: Even though the shape and size of an aluminum wheel to be chucked for machining is changed, it is possible to easily deal with this situation and to simply chuck the same. In a finger chuck which finger levers 5 are swingably mounted in the radius direction via fulcrum point parts 8 installed at adequately spaced positions in the circumferential direction of the outer circumference of a chuck body, the front end face part of the chuck body front part, which constitutes the front portion of said fulcrum point parts, is eliminated, a plurality of front end face parts 12 which are intended to be selectively replaced and mounted at said eliminated portion are formed integral with each other, and at this time said plurality of front end face parts are provided with a clamp seat 14 and a centering member 23 so that each of said front end face parts can be applied to specified kinds of different workpieces w.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is an apparatus mounted on a vehicle for assisting a vehicle driver in carefully driving. The apparatus comprises data obtaining means for obtaining vehicle movement data indicative of a movement of the vehicle, estimating means for estimating a current location of the vehicle on the basis of the vehicle movement data obtained by the data obtaining means, information providing means for providing the vehicle driver with guide information as to the current location of the vehicle estimated by the estimating means, and judging means for judging whether travel of the vehicle is anomalous or not, on the basis of the vehicle movement data obtained by the obtaining means. The information providing means is operated to provide the vehicle driver with attention information that the travel of the vehicle is anomalous when the judging means judges that the travel of the vehicle is anomalous.

Abstract: In a single-switch, three-phase DCM boost rectifier, a voltage signal proportional to the inverted ac component of the rectified, three-phase, line-to-line input voltages is injected as a modulating signal into the control circuit to vary the duty cycle of the rectifier within one line cycle. As a result of its generation method, the injected signal is naturally synchronized with the three-phase, line-to-neutral input voltage. In addition, the injection method of this invention does not affect the closed-loop feedback control of the DCM boost rectifier since the injected signal is generated in an open-loop fashion. Three alternative methods to generate the injection signal are described. One method uses three low-frequency, step down transformers in generating the injection signal. The other two methods use operational amplifiers instead of the transformers.

Abstract: Herein described are a motion estimation method and a motion estimation apparatus for calculating a motion vector to estimate a current picture based on a reference picture. The current picture is partially formed by a current block represented by pel values. The reference picture is partially formed by a search window represented by pel values and having a plurality of candidate blocks. There are provided processor elements and side register units arranged in the form of a matrix array. The pel values of the search window are fed to the processor elements and the side register units. The pel values of the current block are fed to the processor elements. Between the processor elements and the side register units, are shifted pel values of the search window.

Abstract: A positioning cushion prevents a sitting infirm patient from sliding forward. The cushion comprises a base portion, and gel bladder filled with a gelatinous mixture of resin and water, and a top cover. The base portion defines thigh supporting recesses and a trough receiving the gel bladder. The base portion and top cover are constructed of a rigid urethane foam and an ergonomic urethane foam respectively. The aforementioned three parts may be then covered with a fabric cover.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a motion vector searching apparatus for searching motion vectors indicative of visual motion between a current picture consisting of current picture blocks and a reference picture consisting of search windows each including a set of reference picture blocks by calculating a set of distortion values and detecting the minimum value from the distortion values. The motion vector searching apparatus comprises means for outputting current block data, means for outputting search window data, and data registering means for registering the search window data in a searching region covering first and second pixels. The data registering means has first transmission registers for initially registering part of the search window data corresponding to the first pixels and second transmission registers for initially registering the remaining part of the search window data corresponding to the second pixels.

Abstract: A blast head has an air cushion device that directs a flow of relatively high velocity air inwardly and toward the surface being blasted from around the periphery of the blast head. This air flow creates a barrier preventing the escape of particles and debris from the blast head and also creates a so-called ground effect; i.e. the air flow between the head and the surface creates a force that lifts the head off the surface being blasted so that the head floats on cushion of air.

Abstract: In a long base line interferometer system for determining the position of a transmitter, the phase differences between the signal received by the antennas at each end of the base line are monitored as the interferometer moves through a measurement path to obtain phase difference measurements distributed along the measurement path. A cost function involving measuring the sum of the squares of the differences between measured values and predicted values is determined for each of a set of trial location grid points and the grid point with the lowest cost function is selected as a starting point for determining the transmitter location by least squares convergence. In evaluating the cost function, the predicted values are obtained from the equation: ##EQU1## in which .o slashed..sub.0 is unknown phase offset and the X and Y coordinates of the transmitter are unknown. The least squares convergence is carried out by iteratively adding corrections to predicted values for the unknowns until convergence occurs.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the minimization of the development of off flavor or off odor in caramel colored beverages by hydrogenation of the caramel color prior to incorporation into the beverage.

Abstract: A location detecting system comprising a sensor unit, a main body having an operating mode consisting of a traveling mode and an simulation mode and including location detecting unit for calculating a current location of a moving body on the basis of data sensed by the sensor unit and further including a navigation controller connected to the location detecting unit, a change-over unit for changing over the operating mode to the traveling mode or the simulation mode, a storage unit detachably connected to the main body, a write unit for storing the data sensed by the sensor unit into the storage unit when the storage unit is connected to the main body and also the main body is in the traveling mode, and a read unit for inhibiting the data sensed by the sensor unit from being supplied to the location detecting unit and instead supplying the data stored in the storage unit to the location detecting unit, when the storage unit is connected to the main body and also the main body is in the simulation mode.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a motion transforming apparatus, comprising first and second rotation shafts each formed with crank shaft portions, a plate assembly constituted by rotation plates each formed with teeth and cranked through bores respectively having the crank shaft portions of the rotation shafts received therein, a toothed rail having teeth, and a plate assembly housing relatively movable along the toothed rail, wherein the first rotation shaft is driven to rotate the rotation plates, and each of the rotation plates has an untoothed portion connected to the toothed portion of each rotation plate to be spaced from the toothed portion of the toothed rail and to have the toothed portions of the rotation plates closer to the second rotation shaft than the first rotation shaft.

Abstract: A connector is inserted into connecting holes arranged at abutment surfaces between structural members, adhesive agent is fed from one end of a hollow part of the connector or an opening part of a branch pipe of the connector and the clearances between the surface of the connector and circumferential walls of the connecting holes are filled with adhesive agent flowed out of the other end opening at the hollow part of the connector so as to connect both structural members in rigid form.

Abstract: The efficiency of a vehicle having a body and a reciprocating piston four-stroke internal combustion engine is increased substantially by greatly reducing the size of the engine relative to the weight of the body. The great reduction in engine size relative to the weight of the body causes the engine to operate in a much more efficient range during almost all of the time of its operation. Peak power needs are satisfied by turbocharging and varying the compression ratio.

Abstract: In a method for identifying an unknown product a library of absorbance spectra of known products is measured and stored in a library. A quick search using clustering techniques is conducted to narrow the search to a few products, followed by an exhaustive search of the spectra of the few products. More specifically, principal component analysis is applied to the absorbance spectra to generate product score vectors extending into principal component inside model space which are divided into clusters and subclusters in accordance with their relative proximity. Hyperspheres are constructed around each vector and an envelope is constructed to enclose each cluster surrounding the hyperspheres within the cluster. The absorbance spectrum of the unknown product to be identified is measured and an unknown product score vector is determined from the unknown product spectrum projecting in principal component inside model space of the clusters.

Abstract: A millicode instruction loads a millicode address extension register with extended address bits, and an operand access control register that signals when a logical address is to be extended by the extra bits, and when it should be treated as only a 31 bit address.

Abstract: A method that changes the image length and width produced by a laser printer to bring the printer's printed output into exact dimensional accuracy with the data input. This is accomplished by first a measuring sample page produced by the printer in response to a known input. Errors, if any, are measured and fed back into the printer through a host computer, and the graphics controller uses this information to change the printed graphics in the vertical and horizontal dimensions. In one embodiment of the invention, the graphic depiction is scaled as it is converted from the display list to the dot image in the printers RAM. In another embodiment, the resolution of the controller is changed to compensate for errors.

Abstract: An oscillation detecting apparatus for detecting an oscillation of a wireless repeater intervening between a base station and a mobile station brought in communication with each other through a TDMA system. The wireless repeater produces an input signal based on a radio wave transmitted from one of the base station and the mobile stations, and amplifies the input signal to produce an output signal. The output signal is transmitted from the wireless repeater to the other of the base station and the mobile station. The oscillation detecting apparatus comprises producing apparatus for producing a power level signal varied in proportion with an amplitude of the output signal. The power level signal is formed by, for example, an envelope of the output signal.