Abstract: A negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery may include a compound powder represented by the following formula 1 LixMyVzO2+d??[Formula 1] where 1?x?2.5, 0?y?0.5, 0.5?z?1.5, 0?d?0.5, and M is an element selected from Al, Cr, Mo, Ti, W, Zr, and combinations thereof. The compound powder may include a multi-faced particle that has a plurality of flattened parts on a particle surface at the plan view of the multi-faced particle. The multi-faced particle may have at least three ridgelines at a boundary between adjacent flattened parts. At least one of the ridgeline may be formed by adjacent flattened parts having an angle of at least 90°. A ratio of a length (L) of each ridgeline and the maximum diameter (Rmax) of the multi-faced particle may be greater than 0.1.

Abstract: A polysulfone is provided with a nitrogen-containing functional group having an affinity to an acid, an electrolyte membrane using the polysulfone, and a fuel cell including the electrolyte membrane. In particular, the polysulfone includes a nitrogen-containing functional group that has an affinity to an acid, such as a phosphoric acid, thereby having an excellent acid retaining ability. In an electrolyte membrane including the polysulfone and an acid, the amount of the retained acid can be controlled. Therefore, the electrolyte membrane has a high ionic conductivity and a high mechanical strength. A polysulfone blend of polysulfone and a thermoplastic resin prevents the dissolution of polysulfone by phosphoric acid, so that an electrolyte membrane using the polysulfone blend has an improved durability. A cross-linked reaction product of polysulfone, a cross-linking agent and a polymerization product of polysulfone, a thermoplastic resin, and a cross-linking agent strongly resist a phosphoric acid.

Abstract: A composition includes a copolymer including a mixture of monomeric units having structures (A), (B), and (C), and one or more of structures (D) or (E): HSiO(3-a)/2(OH)a??(A) Si(3-b)/2(OH)b—CH2)n—SiO(3-c)/2(OH)c??(B) R1SiO(3-d)/2(OH)d??(C) MeSi(3-e)/2(OH)e??(D) R2SiO(3-f)/2(OH)f??(E) wherein a, b, c, d, e, and f are independently from 0 to 2, n is from 0 to about 10, R1 is a chromophore, and R2 is a hydrophilic group.

Abstract: A phase locked loop circuit includes a delay compensation circuit and a phase change circuit. The delay compensation circuit is adapted to generate a delay clock signal by delaying a phase of a first output clock signal by a second phase, the phase of the first output clock signal having a phase leading a phase of an input clock signal by a first phase, and the second phase corresponding to a delay compensation time greater than a period of the input clock signal and greater than the first phase. The phase change circuit is adapted to change the second phase to the first phase and to generate a feedback clock signal having a phase synchronized with the phase of the input clock signal in response to the first phase, wherein the first phase is a phase corresponding to a remainder time resulting from the delay compensation time being divided by the period of the input clock, and wherein the quotient is an integer.

Abstract: A packaged semiconductor device may include a substrate including at least one device layer and at least one connector arranged thereon, and a resin cover covering each side of the substrate, the resin cover on at least one side of the substrate including an opening exposing the connector and the resin cover on at least one other side of the substrate exposing a portion of the substrate.

Abstract: A power converter includes a power switch adapted to receive an input power from an external power source and to generate an output power, and an adaptive oscillator adapted to output an adaptive minimum-on signal of the power switch in response to a change in measured magnitude of at least one of the input power and the output power.

Abstract: A data driver, including a first digital-to-analog converter configured to select two reference voltages of a plurality of reference voltages depending on upper bits of data, and a second digital-to-analog converter configured to divide the two reference voltages into a plurality of voltages and supply any one voltage of the two reference voltages and the divided voltages to an output terminal as a data signal depending on lower bits of the data, wherein the second digital-to-analog converter is configured to supply an intermediate gray scale voltage to the output terminal prior to supplying the data signal, the intermediate gray scale voltage having a voltage between the two reference voltages.

Abstract: A thin film transistor (TFT) and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The TFT includes a transparent substrate, an insulating layer on a region of the transparent substrate, a monocrystalline silicon layer, which includes source, drain, and channel regions, on the insulating layer and a gate insulating film and a gate electrode on the channel region of the monocrystalline silicon layer.

Abstract: A resistance-change random access memory device includes a resistance-change memory cell array having a plurality of resistance-change memory cells, where a plurality of word lines are connected to respective first terminals of the plurality of resistance-change memory cells. A plurality of bit lines are disposed perpendicular to the word lines and connected to respective second terminals of the plurality of resistance-change memory cells. The device also includes a plurality of discharge elements that are capable of connecting or disconnecting respective bit lines from a discharge voltage, where the discharge elements connect the respective bit lines to the discharge voltage before write and read operations.

Abstract: A memory system includes a multi-bit flash memory device and a flash controller configured to control the multi-bit flash memory device. The flash controller is configured to output a series of commands, pointers, and addresses to the multi-bit flash memory device for read/program operations.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an IGZO active layer includes depositing ions including In, Ga, and Zn from a first target, and depositing ions including In from a second target having a different atomic composition from the first target. The deposition of ions from the second target may be controlled to adjust an atomic % of In in the IGZO layer to be about 45 atomic % to about 80 atomic %.

Abstract: A photosensitive polymer, the photosensitive polymer including repeating units represented by Formulae 1 to 3: wherein R1 and R3 are independently hydrogen or methyl, R2 is a C4 to C20 acid-labile group, R4 is a lactone-derived group, AR is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl having from two to three fused aromatic rings, carbon CAR is bonded directly to an aromatic ring of AR, l, m, and n are positive integers, l/(l+m+n) is about 0.1 to about 0.5, m/(l+m+n) is about 0.3 to about 0.5, and n/(l+m+n) is about 0.1 to 0.4.

Abstract: A differential signaling system includes a pair of differential signal lines having a transmitting end and a receiving end, and a termination resistor and an active impedance compensator connected in parallel between the pair of differential signal lines at the receiving end, wherein the active impedance compensator includes a plurality of impedance adjustment circuits connected in parallel between the pair of differential signal lines.

Abstract: A method of joining a flexible layer and a support includes forming a first metal layer on one surface of the flexible layer, forming a second metal layer on one surface of the support, cleaning the first metal layer and the second metal layer, and joining the first metal layer to the second metal layer, such that the first metal layer is between the flexible layer and the second metal layer.

Abstract: A driver includes a first signal processor adapted to receive clock, input and negative input signals and to output a first output signal to a first node, a second signal processor adapted to receive the first output signal, a negative clock signal, and first and second negative feedback signals and to output a second output signal to a second node, a third signal processor adapted to receive the second output, the input and the clock signals and to output a third output signal to a third node and prevent first and second voltages from being simultaneously applied to the third node, a fourth signal processor adapted to receive the second and third output signals and to output a fourth output signal to a fourth node, and a fifth signal processor adapted to receive the third and fourth output signals and to output a fifth output signal to a fifth node.

Abstract: An OLED display having a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines, an OLED adapted to emit images, a driving switching element adapted to supply the OLED with a driving current, a storage element having a first electrode and a second electrode, a first switching element having a first electrode, a control electrode and a second electrode, a second switching element having a control electrode adapted to be coupled to at least one of the plurality of scan lines and a third switching element having a control electrode adapted to be coupled to a previous scan line. The second switching element may be configured in a diode-like state connecting the driving switching element. The third switching element may be adapted to initialize a voltage stored in the storage element through at least one of the plurality of data lines.

Abstract: A static memory device includes a bit cell connected to an internal voltage line, and a power supply control circuit connected between the internal voltage line and a power supply voltage, wherein the power supply control circuit is configured to supply the power supply voltage level to the internal voltage line, and the power supply control circuit is configured to perform a write assist function that includes floating the internal voltage line during a write operation on the bit cell, the internal voltage line being floated in response to a signal of a mode control signal group.

Abstract: A plasma display device (PDP) and method of driving it (during an address period) are provided. Such a PDP has an address electrode for receiving an address pulse and a capacitor. Such an address pulse has states including a first voltage and a smaller second voltage smaller. Such a capacitor stores a third voltage that is between the first and third voltages. Such a method includes: coupling the capacitor to the address electrode via the inductor; firstly energizing, via the inductor, the address electrode with the third voltage stored in the capacitor; secondly energizing the address electrode with the first voltage; thirdly energizing, via the inductor, the capacitor with voltage on the address electrode; and fourthly energizing the address electrode with the second voltage. Real power transfer during the first and third energizations is facilitated via reactive power transfer arising from LC resonance.

Abstract: A driver of an electroluminescent display includes a first signal processor adapted to receive clock, input and negative input signals and to generate a first output signal, a second signal processor adapted to receive the first output signal, a negative clock signal, a first negative feedback signal and a second negative feedback signal and to generate a second output signal, a third signal processor adapted to receive the second output signal, the input signal and the clock signal and to generate a third output signal, and a fourth signal processor adapted to receive the second and third output signals and to generate a fourth output signal, wherein the third signal processor includes a switching element for preventing first and second power voltages from being applied to the third output signal simultaneously.

Abstract: A fuel cell system having a fuel pressurizing system. The fuel cell system includes: a cartridge comprising a fuel storage pack; a main body; and a pressurizing unit disposed in the main body to pressurize the fuel storage pack when the cartridge is mated to the main body. The cartridge further includes a pressurizing plate to transmit pressure received from the pressurizing unit to the fuel storage pack when the cartridge is mated to the main body and to preventing the fuel storage pack from being pressurized when the cartridge is separated from the main body. The main body can include a case on which the fuel storage pack and the pressurizing plate are received.