Abstract: A method of producing graft copolymers of cellulose with vinylpyridines, residing in free-radical graft copolymerization of cellulose with vinylpyridines from water emulsions in the presence of an emulsifier, namely, partially saponified polyvinylacetate containing 5-15 mass % of acetate groups, and an initiator of a free-radical type. The method makes it possible to perform a free-radical graft copolymerization with a high conversion of monomers (up to 78%) without the formation of free homopolymers.

Abstract: A reinforcing sleeve of plastic or a similar material for the ends of hard paper reel cores or the like which form the support cores for wound goods such as paper, foils, textiles or the like. The sleeve comprises a collar adapted to rest against the end faces of the reel core and a radial, hollow projection integrated with the collar and the outer periphery of the sleeve, the projection being adapted to engage one end face of the reel core and to house a driver system. A reinforcing ring is integrated in the collar and comprises a radially extending receiving element for the driver system, the receiving element being integrated in the radial projection and reinforcing it.

Abstract: A furnace including a cooled mould having its bottom sealed with a bottom plate and its top sealed with a cooled vacuum chamber fitted with a cover carrying an electrode holder movably fixed therein. Mounted in the cooling spaces of the furnace units, filled with a liquid-metal cooling agent, are tubular heat exchangers intercommunicating with each other to form a closed circulation circuit filled with a coolant which is chemically neutral to the liquid-metal cooling agent and to water. The cooling spaces of the furnace units are filled with a liquid-metal coolant and communicate with an expansion chamber, as well as with a water heat exchanger through a heat-transfer circuit. Arranged intermediate the mould inner wall and its tubular heat exchanger is a shield made in the form of a hollow cylindrical wall.

Abstract: A method for preparing modified graft copolymers of cellulose with monovinyl monomers containing ionic groups or non-ionic groups capable of being converted to ionic ones involving a free-radical polymerization of said monovinyl monomers onto cellulose in the presence of a free-radical type initiator and modification of the resulting graft-copolymers of cellulose with said monovinyl monomers. The processes are performed in one stage in the presence of a modifying agent, that is, divinylbenzene taken in an amount ranging from 1 to 5 mol. % of the monovinyl monomer. The static exchange capacity of the modified graft copolymers of cellulose in the form of cationites is as high as 5 mg-equiv/g. The static exchange capacity of the graft copolymers of cellulose in the form of anionites is as high as 3.5 mg-equiv/g. The degree of swelling in water at a temperature of 20.degree. C. is within the range of from 180 to 200%. The modified graft copolymers of cellulose have a fibrous structure.

Abstract: The process for preparing butadiene (divinyl) according to the present invention comprises dehydrogenation of n-butane or a mixture thereof with n-butene at a temperature ranging from 550.degree. to 650.degree. C. in the presence of oxygen, an inert diluent and a catalyst having the following composition, percent by weight:antimony oxide: 5.0-20.0vanadium oxide: 2.0-10.0nickel oxide: 4.0-20.0thorium oxide: 0.1-1.0titanium oxide: 0.1-1.0carrier: the balance.The process of this invention makes it possible to increase simultaneously the yield and selectivity of the formation of divinyl.

Abstract: The device or apparatus for assembling banks of battery electrodes comprises a bed which mounts feeders with electrode-containing holders, and the feeders incorporating a mechanism for maintaining automatically the upper level of the electrode pile in the holders. Disposed above the feeders is an assembling mechanism comprising a shaft, one end of which is connected to a drive ensuring its vertical reciprocating motion in alternation with a full revolution around its axis, whereas the other end of the shaft carries radially-mounted grips made with a provision for being disengaged at a certain working stroke of the assembling mechanism by a readjustable kinematic linkage which can disengage part of the grips during the preset working stroke of the assembling mechanism.

Abstract: The apparatus is used for the automatic marking of drawings with alphanumeric and other drawing symbols. A carriage is designed to travel over the drawing without damaging the drawings. Means are provided to rigidly hold the carriage in place over the point on the drawing to be marked. Stylusses of varying sizes are interchangeably fitted on the carriage. Flexible cables connect the carriage to a control unit. Stored programs of the control unit are used to direct the marking operation. The unused stylusses are stored in appropriate receptacles in the control unit. A keyboard can be used to select the desired marking program.

Abstract: A method comprises diffusion metal coating of pipes carried out in a vacuum chamber which contains metal evaporators. Prior to coating process a metal is fed into the interior of each pipe with the melting temperature thereof being substantially below that of the pipe metal. The metal coating of pipes is effected at a temperature above the melting temperature of the metal disposed within the pipes which are continuously rotating about their axes while axially advancing through the metal evaporator.

Abstract: A continuous casting apparatus of a horizontal type is designed for simultaneous casting of a plurality of parallel strands from molten metal discharged from a common tundish. Each strand unit comprises a mold and a refractory conduit which are in contact with each other and in direct association with a clamping mechanism provided with means for adjusting the clamping pressure applied to said mold and conduit to enable closeness of contact therebetween. In combination with a cylinder mechanism intended for clamping conduits to a tundish, said clamping mechanisms provide for a fluid tight connection therebetween at the place of junction thereof.

Abstract: The fluid-actuated percussion mechanism includes a housing with an internal ylindrical space wherein a reciprocating piston, which divides the space into a working stroke chamber and an idle stroke chamber, is received. The mechanism further includes fluid distributing means and a distribution unit mounted in the housing for placing the chambers and a source of the working fluid in communication. The housing also accommodates a work-performing member adapted to receive impacts from the piston. The distribution unit includes at the inlet of at least one of the chambers a valve made in the form of a resilient annular element. The surface of the distribution unit has valve seats made in it, the number of which corresponds to that of the inlets for supplying the working fluid into the chambers. The resilient valve element is taut about the surface of the distribution unit in opposition to the inlets and encircles the periphery of the unit.

Abstract: This invention provides for stamping of the platforms of a ball retainer on one side of the surface of the metal band and of the spherical seats on the other side of the surface of the band in a single continuous operation or in several operations. Two mating punches are used in order to stamp out the desired ball retainer. A first punch has rectangular upwardly projecting lugs and spherical recesses and the second punch has spherical outwardly extending lugs and rectangular recesses. As these two punches are moved toward each other, they cause the platforms and the spherical seats of the ball retainer to be stamped in the metal band. The lugs on each of the punches and the side surfaces of hollow recesses of the dies are provided with cutting edges, which cut out the ball retainer from the metal band.

Abstract: A vibrator operated by a fluid medium under pressure for the purpose of imparting vibration to a working platform carrying the material being handled. The vibrator comprises a base, a forward stroke chamber formed by a continuous seal situated on the side of said base facing the working platform, and a striker mounted on said seal of the forward stroke chamber and adapted to interact with the working platform under the action of the fluid medium for the purpose of imparting vibration to said working platform. The vibrator also comprises a reverse stroke chamber formed by an additional continuous seal situated on the side of the striker facing the working platform and connected to the source of the fluid medium.

Abstract: The proposed digital device is intended to control a multiphase thyristor-pulse d.c. converter and comprises two decoders, each having as many main outputs as there are phases to that of the connector, and auxiliary outputs which alternate with the main outputs. The device further includes a clock pulse counter whose outputs are connected to inputs of the decoders, and a reversible counter whose add and subtract inputs are connected to outputs of a control unit, outputs of the reversible counter being connected to inputs of the second decoder. The device further includes a NOT gate and an OR gate having all of its inputs connected to an emergency output of a respective phase of the converter an output of said OR gate being connected to an input of the NOT gate.

Abstract: The proposed device comprises a master pulse generator and a control unit. The master pulse generator is connected to a clock pulse counter coupled to a thyristor-pulse converter. The control unit is connected to a bidirectional pulse counter. The proposed device also comprises a decoder whose inputs are connected to the clock pulse counter and to the bidirectional pulse counter; an individual AND gate whose input is connected to the clock pulse counter and whose output is connected to a second thyristor-pulse converter; and two groups of AND gates, each AND gate having an input connected to the decoder. The proposed device also has a NOT gate whose input is connected to the decoder; a sign flip-flop whose first output is connected to the AND gates of one of said groups and whose other output is connected to the first individual AND gate, to the AND gates of the other of said groups, and to the bidirectional pulse counter.

Abstract: A pumping apparatus, more especially for fluid materials containing entrained gas pockets, comprises a single entry centrifugal impeller pump and means for maintaining a reduced pressure on the side of the impeller opposite said single entry to the pump. The pump impeller may have gas evacuation passages extending through the impeller disc from orifices located on the low pressure side of the impeller blades. The pumping apparatus preferably includes a liquid chamber communicating with the pump casing on said opposite side of the impeller, means controlled by the liquid level in said chamber for connecting the latter either with a vacuum source or with atmosphere, and means responsive to atmospheric pressure within said chamber for discharging liquid therefrom to the inlet side of the centrifugal pump.

Abstract: A device for delivering cryogen to a superconducting winding of a cryogen-cooled electrical machine comprising a pipe articulated along the axis of the electrical machine and intended to deliver cryogen. One end of said pipe is located in a rotary chamber which communicates through channels with the space of the electrical machine, and said space accommodating its superconducting winding. The said chamber accommodates a needle installed along the chamber axis, and the length of said needle is of sufficient length such that in the advanced position of said cryogen delivering pipe said needle reaches the end of the pipe.The layout of the electrical machine increases the reliability and effectiveness of the device for delivering cryogen to the superconducting winding, simplifies the design of the device and raises the efficiency of the electrical machine.

Abstract: A bolt connection between tubular rods and junctions in three-dimensional frameworks wherein the tubular rods are of constant diameter along their entire length and it continues the same beyond the hook-up parts at the tubular rod ends as far as those ends of the hook-up parts which are assembled each with one drive sleeve, and the smallest outside diameter of the drive sleeves being equal to or exceeding that of the tubular rods and of the hook-up parts.

Abstract: A continuously fed band is coiled edgewise into a coil so that a maximum elongation of said band occurs at its edge which forms the external diameter of the coil, whereas the elongation uniformly decreases towards the opposite edge. At one side of the band, radially extending recesses are provided. The proposed device for effecting the novel method comprises a bed having mounted thereon a band tensioning means, a straight guide and an arched guide between which there is interposed a shaping member. Recesses provided in the bed receive a rotary disc having fingers which are uniformly spaced thereon and set into reciprocating motion with the aid of a cam. The continuously fed band is driven along two guide channels, one of which is straight and formed by the bed and the straight guide. The second guide channel is arched and formed by a portion of the rotary disc and the arched guide. The shaping member is constructed as a die with a wedge-shaped head.

Abstract: The control system according to the invention has a number of control units, namely: a control unit for checking the installation for start-up readiness, a control unit for starting the installation, a control unit for synchronizing the electric-generator frequency and the power-line frequency, a control unit for increasing the load of the gas turbine, a control unit for monitoring the heating of the blast-furnace gas, a control unit for shutting down the installation, and a control unit for filling and emptying the installation, these units being appropriately interconnected. The proposed control system makes it possible to achieve fully automatic control of the installation for utilizing the energy of the outgoing blast-furnace gas pressure to improve the reliability thereof and to prevent damage to the equipment and hazards to the supervisory personnel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of and a device for effecting electroslag remelting processes.While effecting an electroslag remelting process by the proposed method an electrode is dipped into a slag bath. Electric current is passed through the electrode and slag bath, heating the slag to a melting point of said electrode. Upon establishing the molten slag bath and a metal pool said electrode is shielded by lowering on the surface of the molten slag bath a disc with an opening for the passage of said electrode so that the disc will float in the slag without coming in contact with the metal pool. A device for effecting electroslag remelting processes, comprising a baseplate mounting a means for effecting an electro slag remelting process accommodating a slag bath and an electrode that is dipped thereinto and is encompassed with a protective shield made as a disc of material whose specific density is lower than that of the slag of said slag bath.