Abstract: A Hall Effect switching circuit and apparatus and method using the same are disclosed. The Hall Effect switching circuit comprises a power supply device, a Hall Effect detecting device and a buffer. The power supply device provides operation power to the Hall Effect detecting device. The Hall Effect detecting device provides a first triggering signal to a first output pin and a second triggering signal to a second output pin in accordance to a magnetic field through the Hall Effect detecting device. The buffer receives and buffers the voltage levels of the first/second triggering signals.

Abstract: The invention relates to light boxes comprising fluorescent tubes, which are used to illuminate display screens with optical valves, in particular liquid-crystal matrix screens. More specifically, the invention is suitable for use in the field of head-up or medium-head collimated displays used on aircraft. The invention consists in improving the photometric properties of said light boxes using a novel fluorescent tube arrangement, whereby said tubes are distributed over several stacked layers. In this way, the number of fluorescent tubes present in the light box is increased and acceptable heating is maintained. The photometric performances of the light box are thus increased while the correct service life of the tubes is retained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a caller with an arbitrary sound chosen by a called subscriber instead of a conventional RBT (RingBack Tone) without fails even in a flexible paging mode.

Abstract: A method for forming a metal wiring of a semiconductor device. The method includes forming an etch stop layer on a semiconductor substrate, forming a first inter metal dielectric on the etch stop layer, and forming a second inter metal dielectric on the first inter metal dielectric. The method also includes forming a first photoresist pattern defining a via hole on the second inter metal dielectric, forming a via hole exposing the etch stop layer using the first photo resist pattern, and forming a second photoresist pattern defining a trench by exposing and developing the first photoresist pattern. The method further includes forming a trench by etching the second inter metal dielectric using the second photoresist pattern as a mask, removing the etch stop layer exposed through the via hole, and forming a metal wiring by filling the via hole and the trench.

Abstract: The invention relates to wavelength-selective and tunable optical filters for transmitting the light in a narrow optical spectral band, centered around an adjustable wavelength, and for blocking the transmission of wavelengths lying outside of this band. In a micromachined monolithic structure containing the optical filter proper, the component comprises a low-absorption light detection element used for slaving the tuning control of the filter to a wavelength received by the filter, this element transmitting the majority of the radiation at this wavelength. The filter is a Fabry-Pérot interferometric filter, the cavity (C) of which is tuned to a value that maximizes the power detected by the light detection element. The filter is preferably based on layers of indium phosphide and air gaps. The detection element preferably comprises a layer of gallium-indium arsenide 74 suitable for detection of the intended wavelength band.

Abstract: There is disclosed an antenna having a tapered radiating element possessing a slow-wave structure along a tapered radiating edge thereof. The radiating element is combined with a ground plane conductor to form a monopole antenna. The slow-wave structure supports an increased antenna operating bandwidth and reduced aperture clutter by being shaped to increase the radiative rate of loss of energy from signals propagating along the slow-wave structure. A log-periodic distribution in the shaping of serrations within the slow-wave structure provides substantially frequency-independent performance across the bandwidth.

Abstract: A cellular inverter generates an alternating output voltage by a succession of serial combinations of DC voltage electrical sources that are available to it within switchable cells and, within a serial combination currently in use, by a voltage regulation using high-frequency chopping. This voltage regulation exhibits a certain lag and allows through an undesirable voltage step during the repositioning of its operating range caused by a change of the serial combination currently in use. The cellular inverter proposed comprises, in its high-frequency switch-mode voltage regulation circuit illustrated in the figure, a pre-compensation circuit that allows the lag to be compensated for and this undesirable voltage step to be considerably attenuated.

Abstract: A limited contact boxing game and apparatus for playing the game includes a platform having an upper surface for supporting two individuals in a standing or crouched position. A platform is preferably in the shape of a square boxing ring and may be elevated and/or include a set of ropes surrounding the platform. The upper surface of the platform includes two or more spaced apart designated boundary areas of equal size and a tethered ball disposed in the space between the two designated areas. The tethered ball is adapted to be struck by each of the individuals toward the other in order to obtain a score by striking the individuals head or body or by causing the individual to step out of their designated boundary area.

Abstract: A high-speed marker-free motion capture, which is capable of powerfully detecting a body's feature points corresponding to a body's end portions such as a head, hands, feet, trunk, arms and legs at a high speed in an illumination change or background or noises of cameras. The extracted feature points of the body can be directly tracked stably in a 3-dimensional space. The position errors of the feature points due to the change of the illumination conditions or a shadow can be automatically corrected and the feature points can be stably tracked with respect to overlapping and disappearance of the feature points. Further, when coordinates of the middle joints are estimated using 3-dimensional coordinates of the extracted feature points of the body, the present invention restores a human model by estimating the positions of the middle joints of the actor with high accuracy without using a motion database, thereby securing the stability and reality of the 3-dimensional motion data required in the motion capture.

Abstract: A multi-story house trailer includes a frame, a plurality of wheels supporting said frame and a multi-story structure disposed on said frame and including a first and a top floor together with a storage floor and wherein the first and top floors have reduced ceiling height of about 100 to 120 cm and the storage floor has a height of about 40 cm. An upper deck is also provided and is accessible from the interior of the structure.

Abstract: A method and a device for coupling a PCB sheet are disclosed. If a defective PCB is found after the manufacture of continuously arranged circuit patterns, then the defective PCB sheet portion is removed to replace it with a new PCB sheet portion. That is, a defective circuit pattern sheet 2? is removed from continuously arranged circuit patterns of a first PCB sheet 4a. After removal of the defective circuit pattern sheet 2?, the first PCB sheet 4a is position-located by means of a position locating means 12. Then the space which is formed by removing the defective circuit pattern sheet 2? is filled with a second PCB sheet 4b on which a good quality circuit pattern 2b is printed. Then the first PCB sheet 4a and the second PCB sheet 4b are coupled together by using an adhesive means 14.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for testing a milk for mastitis wherein the milk sample is admixed with a detergent under condition that increase the viscosity of the milk sample; the increased viscosity mixture is subjected to a further procedure for further increasing its viscosity; and the further increased viscosity mixture is then tested for an attribute of somatic cells, such as DNA. This determination is then used to establish if the cow from whom the milk came has mastitis.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a flip chip type nitride semiconductor light emitting device, which comprises a substrate for growing a nitride semiconductor material, an n-type nitride semiconductor layer formed on the substrate, an active layer formed on at least a part of the n-type nitride semiconductor layer, a p-type nitride semiconductor layer formed on the active layer, a bonding force providing layer formed on the p-type nitride semiconductor layer and adapted to provide a bonding force relative to the p-type nitride semiconductor layer, a reflective electrode layer formed on the bonding force providing layer, and adapted to reflect light produced in the active layer toward the substrate and to diffuse electric current, and a cap layer formed on the reflective electrode layer, and adapted to provide a bonding force between the reflective electrode layer and a bonding metal and to reduce contact resistance.

Abstract: An absorbent article contains a hydrophilic fiber processed by a water-soluble deodorant containing a graft polymer having a deodorant functional group. This constitution ensures to have large deodorizing function per unit weight, compared to a particulate deodorant. Consequently, the constitution allows to decrease a weight of the deodorant and to excel in deodorizing function. Moreover, it is unnecessary to fix the deodorant and easy to compound with the absorbent article. Therefore, it allows to obtain an absorbent article having excellent aesthetics and cleanness.

Abstract: A frequency converter having no solid-state devices having nonlinear characteristics and no complex resonator structure and operable in a wide frequency range from microwave frequencies to terahertz wave frequencies. An input section (1) inputs an input wave into a high-frequency transmission line (2). A waveguide portion of an output section (6) reflects the input wave. A laser light source (4) inputs a laser beam into an optical delay circuit (5). The optical delay circuit (5) delays the laser beam and directs the delayed laser beam into a high-frequency transmission line (2) and a substrate (3). The laser beam transmitted through the optical delay circuit (5) produces an electron-hole plasma over the surface of the substrate (3) such as of a semiconductor thereby to short-circuit the high-frequency transmission line (2) and to reflect the input wave. The reflection point moves at high speed together with the laser beam, thereby converting the frequency on the same principle as the Doppler effect.

Abstract: The method in accordance with the invention is a method making it possible to explain a decision taken by a compensatory multi-criterion aggregation model, according to which a single compensatory multi-criterion aggregation model is established for the application considered, described by a certain number of phenomena and reproducing a determined expert opinion, and it is characterized in that no reference is made in the explanation to the specificities of the aggregation model if the decision taken had been the same on replacing the aggregation model by any other close model, that, if such is not the ease, the aggregation model is simplified by taking into account fewer and fewer phenomena as long as the decision taken remains the same, and that an explanation based solely on the compensation phenomena present in the simplest model previously determined is returned to the expert.

Abstract: In a CMOS image sensor of the invention, a dynamic range is varied at a per-pixel level by a light amount to prevent saturation without degrading color reproduction of an overall image. A photo diode generates charges in accordance with a received light amount. A drive transistor amplifies the charges generated in the photodiode at a given gain. Further, a saturation detector receives an output voltage from the drive transistor and judges the image sensor saturated if the output voltage is beyond a limited level. A switch switches on/off in response to the judgment of the saturation detector. Also, a plurality of floating diffusions store the charges of the photodiode transferred through the switch. The floating diffusions are selectively connected to both the photodiode and a gate of the drive transistor at on/off the switch.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and means for projecting signs onto printed matter, without physically changing the printed matter. The method is especially useful for projecting signs on holy scripts such as the Torah, for aid of its reading.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method for providing a calling subscriber with an arbitrary sound chosen by a called subscriber instead of a common ringback tone (RBT) with no progress tone. In this present invention, if a call is generated, a terminating exchanger starts paging of the called and simultaneously requests a trunk connection to a sound db server without waiting acknowledgement of the paging from the called based on the first information on whether or not to replace an RBT and the second information on a route to the sound db server that have been received from a home location register (HLR), and provides a called subscriber identification for the sound db server. Then, the sound db server searches its db for a sound specified by the called, and provides the found sound for the caller instead of a conventional RBT via the terminating exchanger connected through a trunk.