Abstract: In an annular saw, that is to say a circular saw with an annular saw blade, the saw blade is adapted to rotate about an imaginary center axis by being driven via a drive shaft which is parallel to the center axis and has a fulcrum between the annular saw blade and its center. Mounted on the drive shaft (27) are two drive rollers (25, 26), of which the adjacent surfaces (41, 42) are bevelled at a certain bevel angle so that the rollers comprise drive surfaces which, between them, form a wedge-shaped groove (40). The two lateral surfaces of the saw blade (8) are bevelled in a corresponding manner within a region (13) close to the inner edge (15) of the saw blade, the bevel angle being the same as for the drive rollers, the bevelled edge portion of the annular saw blade being clamped between the bevelled drive surfaces of the drive rollers in the wedge-shaped groove.

Abstract: Microcrystalline cellulose has many applications in the pharmaceutical, food, paper and structural composite industries. Level off DP (Degree of Polymerization) microcrystalline cellulose is made up of a chain of about 250 glucose molecules in the form of microcrystal. In nature, several microcrystals are hinged together and surrounded by amorphous cellulose to form a cellulose microfibril. If the amorphous cellulose is removed, the resultant product is called level off DP (Degree of Polymerization) microcrystalline cellulose. When lignocellulosic material is processed according to applicant's earlier processes (Canadian Pat. Nos. 1,096,374 and 1,141,376), the dissociated material is partitioned by removing the lignin and the xylan leaving a low DP (320) cellulose fraction.

Abstract: A first aspect of the invention is concerned with fuels and particularly jet and diesel fuels which comprise blends of substituted mono cyclohexane material and two ring non-fused cyloalkane material. The first material may be n-propylcyclohexane or n-butylcyclohexane. The second material may be nuclear substituted bicyclohexyl and may include cyclohexylbenzene. A second aspect of the invention concerns producing constituents for the fuel from heavy aromatic materials by breaking down the heavy aromatics to naphthas, separating light napthas and other constituents of the fuel before reforming a heavy naptha fraction to provide a BTX fraction which may be treated by hydroalkylation or pyrolysis to provide two ring non-fused cycloalkanes. The product may be enriched by hydrogenation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an internal combustion engine-powered, blower/vacuum device. The device has an air chamber with an axial air inlet and a tangential air outlet. The engine rotatably drives the impeller, and is controlled by a throttle. A handle is located above the air chamber and the motor, and includes a first section having an axis generally parallel to the axis of the air outlet, and an adjoining section having an axis which extends at an angle of about 15.degree. to 60.degree. to the first section. When the first section of the handle is gripped by an operator the device will be in the vacuum position with the air outlet in a generally horizontal position. When the second section of the handle is gripped, the device will be in the blower position with the air outlet facing ahead of the operator at a downward angle. The impeller and housing of the device is designed to minimize debris hangup within the housing.

Abstract: This method of obtaining an aqueous solution of metal values from an insoluble metal oxide is possible where the metal has a lower oxidation number in the solution than in the insoluble oxide, for example manganese (+2 and +4 respectively).The oxide, such as MnO.sub.2, is treated with hot mineral acid such as HCl in the presence of coal. After some hours, the liquid comes to contain most of the manganese as dissolved Mn(II) ion.

Abstract: A portable mechanical ironing machine comprising a base supporting a fixed lower ironing plate, and a head hinged to the base and carrying a movable upper ironing plate. Compression spring devices are provided for applying ironing pressure to the movable upper ironing plate when it is in the closed position, and to pull the upper ironing plate towards the open position when the movable upper ironing plate is raised with respect to the fixed ironing plate. The spring devices are supported by a spring support which is movable between two stable positions, those positions being angularly offset with respect to each other. The ironing machine also comprises a handle pivoted to the head, and the handle is connected to the spring support for the compression spring devices by means of a kinematic connecting rod and crank mechanism. The connecting rod is pivoted to a fork which is pivoted at one end to the base and coupled at the other end to the spring support by means of a slot and pin coupling.

Abstract: A valve for use in controlling a plurality of fluid operated functions, for example the functions of a hydraulic mine roof support, comprises a valve body 10, a plurality of valve members 13 each movable independently to carry out a fluid flow control function, a plurality of valve actuating members 21, movable in a direction tending to actuate the valve members 13, and an interposer device 25 movable to prevent at least one of the valve actuating members 21 from actuating its associated valve member 13, thus enabling the valves to be selectively operable.

Abstract: An apparatus for cutting a continuous bar of cigarettes into individual cigarettes includes a cutter head supported rotatably on a first rotary shaft, a knife projecting from the cutter head, and a device provided in the cutter head for holding and advancing the knife. A second rotary shaft is coaxial with the first rotary shaft. A gear train is provided between the first and second rotary shafts for rotating the second rotary shaft at a speed which is slightly different from that of the first rotary shaft. The knife advancing device includes a feed screw member which is rotatable by the second rotary shaft.

Abstract: Materials of particular utility in separating hydrocarbon values from mineral deposits, e.g. bitumen from tar sands, are prepared by a microbiological fermentation process using certain selected microorganisms. The fermentation process is conducted under aerobic conditions, with the selected microorganisms growing on a hydrocarbon substrate. The materials have surfactant properties, in greater or lesser degree. The materials may be subsequently separated from the fermentation broth, or alternatively the broth may be used as is, since it contains relatively large proportions of suitable separation effecting materials.

Abstract: A fastening device for a safety belt in motor vehicles comprises a guiding member to be mounted on the vehicle frame or on some other carrier in the vehicle in such a way that a clearance is created between the guiding member and the carrier and comprising also a runner, to which one end of the safety belt or corresponding organ is attached, and which may be displaced along the guiding member to be positioned in different positions, said positions being determined by a number of holes (40) or recesses disposed along the guiding member. The guiding member is a channel-shaped rail (30) with a web-section (39), which faces the clearance (39) and with side flanges (32) which first project from the web-section and then turn inwards towards each other. The in-turned parts (34) form between them a longitudinal channel (35) and are provided with said recesses or holes.

Abstract: A tobacco content control device for cigarette machine, including a radiometric density detector for irradiating tobacco being transferred along a predetermined path on a cigarette machine with a radiant ray and converting the intensity of radiation transmitted through the tobacco into an electric signal, controlling tobacco contents to a predetermined value according to the output signal of the radiometric density detector, characterized in that the control device comprises: voltage generating means for producing two voltage signals indicative of upper and lower limits of a predetermined range; comparison means adapted to compare the output signal of the radiometric density detector with the voltage signals and to produce an output signal when the predetermined range is outrun; and means for informating abnormality of the radiometric density detector upon receipt of the output signal of the comparison means.

Abstract: The invention provides a polysaccharide which undergoes cation-induced gelation to form gels of useful strength at relatively low concentration of cation, and which melt and set sharply and reversibly. It has a marked preference in terms of gel strength for cations of sodium rather than other Group Ia elements and calcium rather than other Group IIa elements. It contains D-glucose, L-fucose and D-glucuronate residues in the approximate molar ratio of 3:1:1. The polysaccharide can be isolated from the bacterium NCIB 11870. Its gels are useful in food and medicine for addition to a variety of foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals. They can be prepared simply by adding the appropriate cations to a dilute aqueous solution of the polymer at ambient temperature, whereupon the gel forms rapidly. If desired the gel initially formed can be melted and re-set.

Abstract: The abrasive surface of the roller has the shape of a continuous helix with variable pitch constituted by a succession of single abrasive plugs of similar characteristics and size.

Abstract: This washing apparatus comprises holding a pipe assembly by means of a holding means. Said pipe assembly is consisted of a pouring pipe which acts to pour a wash liquid in micro wells of a container and a suction pipe which acts to suck said waste wash liquid from said micro wells. Said pipe assembly is formed of a dual-pipe consisting of a suction pipe and a pouring pipe disposed inside said suction pipe. The forward end opening portions of said both pipes are located on the substantially same plane.

Abstract: A knife abrasive apparatus for a rotary drum shaped cutter can grind the knife edge without causing it to be serrated. It has a rotary drum shaped cutter including a rotary drum and knives spacedly disposed on the outer periphery of the drum at a predetermined helical angle to a virtual surface which blade edges of the knives will draw. It also has an abrasive wheel to be used for grinding the edges. The wheel is declined at the rotary center axis with respect to a vertical plane to the rotary center axis of the cutter so that a composite vector composed of a peripheral velocity vector of the cutter and that of the wheel will become parallel to each of the edges in the longitudinal direction of each of the knives. The velocity of rotation of the cutter and the wheel is controlled to maintain the ratio of the peripheral velocity of the former and the latter constant. The abrasive wheel is supported by a movable supporting member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sealing device for such throttle valves as comprise a valve housing with a valve seat and a pivotally mounted throttle member which may be pressed against the valve seat to bring about a sealing contact between two interacting sealing surfaces, one on the throttle member and the other in the valve housing and a sealing ring to be mounted in a slot in the valve. The invention is characterized in that the sealing ring (5) has a cross-section of a homogeneous, radially elongated body part (8) of considerable rigidity and resistance to radial deformation, that said body part at its head end (11) has a sealing surface (12) which is one of the two said sealing surfaces, and that from the "hip" part of the said homogeneous body part extend two essentially radial legs (14, 15), which form flanges of the sealing ring, said flanges being arrnaged to be pressed axially against the walls (18, 19) of said slot.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the cutting of end disks for the packing of paper rolls.

Abstract: A knife feed system in a rotary drum cutter having a rotary drum disposed in proximity to a raw material shredding port and a plurality of knives arranged at predetermined intervals on the rotary drum, in which the knives are each ejected by a predetermined length to keep constant the spacing between the knife edge and the shredding port. The knife feed system includes a knife feed mechanism provided for each of the knives, a drive unit for driving the knife feed mechanism, the driven unit being provided separately from the rotary drum a transmission mechanism disposed between the knife feed mechanism and the drive unit to transmit power from the latter to the former, and a control unit connected to the drive unit to control the latter, the control unit having a function capable of setting and changing the number of times of operation per unit time of the drive unit. The feed of knife can be set appropriately according to the kind of raw material to be shredded.

Abstract: A garment hanger has a base with a hook and a trousers mount. A connector connects the base and the trousers mount in such a way that one end of the mount is open and a space for hanging and removing trousers is formed between the base and the mount. The ends of the mount are provided with elements which engage and hold the trousers only when the hanger is tilted so as to prevent the trousers from sliding off the mount.