Abstract: A method for generating a record information composed of a main information having a plurality of formats and a subsidiary information associated with said main information, is disclosed. A discriminative information for discriminating the formats of the main information is arrayed in a synchronizing part of the subsidiary information, and the encoding operation is controlled as a function of the discriminative information to generate the record information. The discriminative information is transmitted to an encoding system within the extent of the data format to enable encoding in accordance with the formats and under maintenance of operational synchronization.

Abstract: An FM demodulating apparatus suitable for use in a VTR or the like has a suppressing circuit for suppressing the upper and lower sideband components of an FM modulated video signal, an FM demodulation circuit for demodulating the output from the suppressing circuit and a recovering circuit connected to the output of the FM demodulation circuit for recovering the sideband components suppressed by the suppressing circuit, to thereby provide a favorable demodulation.

Abstract: A magnetic disc apparatus having at least one magnetic disc having a plurality of track groups thereon at different distances from the center of the disc each of which groups comprises plural data tracks having plural data sectors, each of the track groups having a different number of the data sectors therein in such a manner that the outer track group has more data sectors, a transducer head for reading and writing data signals from and on the data tracks, an actuator for positioning the transducer head over a desired one of the data tracks, a position sensor for sensing the position of the transducer head relative to the magnetic disc, and for generating at least two periodic position signals each of which is out of phase with each other, and a controller for controlling the actuator according to the periodic position signals so that the transducer head is positioned over the desired one of the data tracks.

Abstract: A decoding apparatus for receiving data transmitted from transmission equipment which performs subsampling so that a sampling phase is inverted between n frames (n is an integer), converts data subjected to the subsampling into a two-dimensional block structure, generates a discriminating code indicative of detected movement and performs compressing and encoding for the two-dimensional block data. The decoding apparatus comprises a decoding circuit for decoding data and for generating the decoded data, and an adaptive interpolation circuit for interpolating non-transmission data using the actually transmitted data. The interpolation circuit interpolates the non-transmission picture elements, adaptively using transmitted data of the identical frame and an adjacent frame responsively to the discriminating code.

Abstract: A signal switching apparatus for switching between a 1/4 wavelength transmission line, which transmits a transmission signal, and a 1/4 wavelength reception line, which receives a reception signal, which share a common antenna. The apparatus sets the characteristic impedance of one of the 1/4 wavelength lines to be zero while the other 1/4 wavelength lines is set to infinity so that the switching operation can be effected without passing the transmission and reception signals through semiconductor switches.

Abstract: The present invention provides a disc drive apparatus having an improved tracking control and seek time adjustment. The head tracking error distribution along the disc radius is determined with reference to the phases of a plurality of position sensors and is calculated based on the tracking error of a reference track in first and second reference regions with respect to the signal from one of the position sensors. This information is used to determine the tracking error distribution along the disc radius with respect to that one of the position sensors. The tracking error distribution is used to determine the tracking error of a reference track in a third reference region with respect to the signal from the same position sensor. This tracking error is used to determine the tracking error of other reference tracks in the third reference region with respect to the signals from other of the position sensors.

Abstract: n pairs of light beams are applied to an optical disc to form a plurality of beam spots thereon which are offset by 1/2n of a track pitch p, and n signals which are shifted p/2n in spatial phase are generated from detected output signals indicative of light beams reflected from the beam spots. These n signals are multiplied to produce a tracking control signal whose spatial period is 1/n of the track pitch p. Alternatively, the optical disc has n pairs of wobbling pits or servo pits which are offset by 1/2n of a tracking pitch p are disposed on an optical disc, and the n pairs of servo pits are scanned by a light beam to produce n signals that are shifted p/2n in spatial phase. The tracking control method is effective to effect tracking control on an optical disc whose recording tracks are arranged at a high density that exceeds the spatial cutoff frequency of an optical system of conventional nature used with the tracking control method.

Abstract: An adapter pack is constructed so that it can be connected to a video camera via the site via which the battery pack is normally connected. The adapter pack is itself provided with a mounting site on which the battery pack can be connected. This construction allows the adapter pack to be operatively "sandwiched" between the battery pack and the camera. The adapter pack is arranged to permit the power from the battery pack to be supplied both to its own circuitry and therethrough to the camera.

Abstract: A cassette case is constructed such that a tape cassette is supported to a lid side by utilizing guiding protrusions provided on the side portions of the tape cassette. Also, a recess portion is formed on the inner surface of the casing so as to accommodate therein a thick portion which forms a front opening portion of the tape cassette, thereby a thickness of the entirety of the cassette case being reduced. Further, in an index sheet inserted into the cassette case, a portion corresponding to the recess portion formed in the inside of the casing is formed as a recess-shaped portion, and thus this index sheet is suitably applied to the above-mentioned thin cassette case.

Abstract: An optical disc having an aluminum reflective film is disclosed, wherein an oxide of Al in the stable oxidized state is introduced into the Al reflective film to eliminate changes with lapse of time to improve durability of the optical disc. A method for producing a reflective film on an optical disc is also disclosed, wherein a trace amount of oxygen is introduced into atmosphere in the course of formation of the reflective film.

Abstract: The present disclosure is relative with a recording and/or reproducing apparatus employing a tape, such as a magnetic tape, as the recording medium, and provides a mode switching mechanism for such apparatus. The mechanism includes a swing arm provided with a transmission gear selectively rotated in dependence upon the rotational drive direction of a sole reel motor, a cam gear formed with interrupted portions and cam surfaces associated with these interrupted portions and adapted for selectively switching predetermined operational modes by the cam surfaces in dependence upon its rotational angular positions, a biasing member for rotationally biasing the cam gear, and a cam gear retention member for retaining the cam gear at a predetermined angular position. The reel shaft is rotationally driven by means of the transmission gear of the swing arm by driving the reel motor in the forward direction.

Abstract: A squirrel-cage rotor includes a rotor core composed of steel sheets. Each steel sheet has in the outer circumference a number of slot-forming punched portions along the outer circumference thereof, each punched portion including a main portion and an additional portion inclined toward one of two sides along the outer circumference of the rotor relative to the position of the main portion, such that each punched portion has an unsymmetrical shape. The units include those formed by laminating the steel sheets having the respective additional portions inclined in the direrction of one side, and those formed by laminating the steel sheets having the respective additional portions inclined toward the other side. Slots are formed so as to be parallel with the rotor axis.

Abstract: With the CCD imager of the present invention, signal charges from the image area are transferred by plural juxtaposed read-out registers. The storage region of the read-out registers, through which electrical charges are transmitted, is narrower in width at the image area side and broader in width at the other read-out register side. By virtue of such arrangement of the storage area, there is formed a potential which becomes shallow at the side of the image area and becomes deep at the side of the other read-out registers. By such potential, signal charge transfer efficiency between the read-out registers is improved.

Abstract: A recording control system for preventing undesirable copy of information reproduced from a video tape onto another tape. The system includes a unit for receiving audio and video information signals from a video tape reproducing apparatus, a circuit for receiving an identification code from the video tape reproducing apparatus, a circuit for receiving timing signals from the video tape reproducing apparatus, a circuit for decoding the received identification code with reference to the received timing signals to generate recording control signals, a unit for recording the received audio and video information signals onto a video tape, and a circuit for controlling an operation of the recording unit in response to the recording control signals.

Abstract: A tape cassette reel includes a reel hub integrally formed with a wing shaped upper flange and a disc shaped lower flange by means of a molding apparatus having one or more sliding cores operable between upper and lower molds.

Abstract: An optical encoder for a disc apparatus having a head arm to record and reproduce a disc-shaped recording medium, a scale swung together with the head arm, a reticle and a light sensitive element disposed on one side of the scale, and a light emitting element disposed on the other side of the scale. The phases of slit patterns in the reticle and light receiving portions of the light sensitive element opposed thereto are each divided into halves, and the divided phases are distributed symmetrically on the opposite sides of the reticle center in the directions of swing motion of the scale. And the same distributed phases of the light receiving portions are individually connected to each other, thereby eliminating the phase deviation of the detection output that results from temperature fluctuation and so forth.

Abstract: An optical disc such as a magnetooptic disc has information storage tracks each associated with a plurality of pairs of wobble pits arranged therealong. A light beam emitted from a light beam source such as a semiconductor laser is applied as a convergent light beam through an objective lens to the optical disc. A deviation of the light beam from a focused condition on the optical disc is detected as a focus error. A light beam returning from the optical disc is detected by a light detector. When the light beam returns from the wobble pits in each pair, the light detector produces a detected signal with successive peak values corresponding to the wobble pits, and the peak values are averaged. The objective lens is moved along its optical axis by an actuator based on the sum of a signal representing the focus error and a bias which maximizes the absolute value of the average of the peak values from the light detector.

Abstract: A tape cassette reel having an upper flange portion and a lower flange portion formed as one body with a reel hub, in which the central portion of the upper flange portion is made of an opaque resin and a peripheral portion thereof is made of a transparent resin by a dichromatic molding process and a stepped portion is formed on a bonding surface between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the upper flange portion so as to increase a bonding strength of the bonding surface.

Abstract: An optical recording apparatus for recording desired information signals by an optical head on an optical disc, on which information signals may be optically recorded, is disclosed. The apparatus includes a peak-holding circuit for holding a peak value of reproduced RF signals from the optical head, a bottom-holding circuit for holding a minimum value of the reproduced RF signals, and a decision circuit for deciding if the optical recording disc is an unrecorded disc by comparing the peak value from the peak-holding circuit with the minimum value from the bottom-holding circuit.

Abstract: An apparatus for receiving broadcast FM waves using an FM (Frequency Modulated) detector is disclosed in which an output signal level of an automatic gain controller (AGC) is controllable so that when the C/N ratio is reduced and the output level of the automatic gain controller is reduced, the loop gain of a PLL type FM demodulator is accordingly reduced and response is delayed with the bandwidth being narrowed . Therefore, since delayed threshold extension is applied thereby, no signal noise, such as white points appearing on an image screen, will occur.