Abstract: The thermal insulation of buildings is realized by the diffused reflection of thermal radiation and the diffused reflection of the thermal transition of the air, from the internal and the external surfaces of the sublayers of the external masonry, the external roofs, the internal masonry and the internal ceilings of the buildings. Thermal insulation is also realized by a low emission of thermal radiation, with the diffused reflection of thermal radiation and the diffused reflection of thermal transition of air, from the internal surfaces of a parallel plane division having an enclosed layer of air, which is surfaces of a parallel plane division having an enclosed layer of air, which is constructed at the internal side of the sublayers of the external masonry and the external roof of the buildings. These surfaces are covered with a reflective insulating material, which can be colored with the addition of coloring pigments.

Abstract: A tongue and groove profile for a construction panel wherein the tongue protrudes and extends outwardly from a first edge of the panel to a head portion. A shoulder portion of the tongue has two radiused convex or concave sides which intersect and merge with the first edge of the panel. A groove is formed in a second edge of the panel and extends inwardly into the second edge forming a cavity. The groove has a head portion which extends into a neck which expands into a shoulder which has two radiused concave or convex sides so that the tongue will fit into the groove. The radiused sides expand to form an opening in the second edge of the panel. The tongue of one panel can fit in interlocking relationship into the a groove of a second panel to form a joint between the two panels.

Abstract: A flash drying apparatus has a vertical, cylindrical enclosure. In a lower portion of this enclosure is disposed a rotating disk. Above this disk is provided a crusher that, using blades formed radially thereon, crushes a raw material into a powdery or granular material. The crusher is provided with a material feeder that feeds the raw material to the crusher by letting the raw material fall onto the crusher. A hot wind feeder feeds a hot wind to the powdery or granular material from under the blades. The powdery or granular material blown upward inside the enclosure by the hot wind is exhausted through an exhaust duct provided in an upper portion of the enclosure. This flash drying apparatus prevents degradation in performance resulting from deposition of a raw material.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is controlled during a warm-up period as a function of a cumulative measure of energy supplied to the engine. For example, the total amount of fuel delivered to the engine since start-up or an accumulated value of a load level of each combustion event during the warm-up period may be measured. A degree of offset or modification of individual engine operating parameters during the warm-up period may be based upon the cumulative measure of energy supplied to the engine.

Abstract: An agitated continuous casting apparatus includes a spout having an upward-turned molten metal receiving port and a downward-turned molten metal outlet, a cylindrical water-cooled casting mold disposed immediately below the spout, and an agitator for applying an electromagnetic agitating force to the molten metal in the spout. The agitator has a function to form, in the spout, an upper area for moving the molten metal in a substantially radiate direction, and a lower area for rotating the molten metal in a circumferential direction. An upper area forming portion of an inner peripheral surface of the spout is formed into a tapered shape with its inside diameter gradually increased from its upper peripheral edge toward its lower peripheral edge.

Abstract: A catalyst temperature estimating apparatus is provided, capable of estimating the temperature of the catalyst installed in an internal combustion engine on a vehicle by providing various catalyst temperature estimating parameters, when the internal combustion engine is in an idle stop. When it is determined that the internal combustion engine is stopped by determining whether the internal combustion engine is stopped, the temperature of the catalyst is estimated based on temperature coefficients during the engine stop. Estimation of the catalyst temperature even when the engine is in an idle stop makes it possible to accurately and promptly estimate the catalyst temperature when the engine is restarted from the idle stop.

Abstract: In a sample warper, which includes a single yarn introduction means or a plurality of yarn introduction means for winding one or more yarns concurrently on a plurality of conveyer belts rotatably mounted on one side surface of a warper drum and movable on the warper drum at a predetermined rate of feed, a plurality of parallel lease rods arranged on a longitudinal side surface of the warper drum, and a creel on which a plurality of bobbins are supported, a plurality of short feed belts are mounted on the circumferential surface of the warper drum at its end adjacent to the yarn introduction means in such a way that the upper surface of the short feed belts are disposed radially outwardly of an imaginary cylindrical surface enclosing upper surfaces of the plural conveyer belts with respect to the axis of the warper drum.

Abstract: A memory system having a simple configuration capable of high-speed data transmission is disclosed. Data is output from a controller or a memory in synchronism with a clock or a data strobe signal. The clock or the data strobe signal is transmitted by a clock signal line or a data strobe signal line, respectively, arranged in parallel to a data signal line. A delay circuit delays by a predetermined time the signals transmitted through the clock signal line or the data strobe signal line. The clock or the data strobe signal thus assumes a phase suitable for retrieval at the destination, so that the data signal can be retrieved directly by means of the received clock or the received data strobe signal.

Abstract: The present invention is a headset having a microphone and a speaker mounted on an essentially deformable boom. The deformable boom provides a selectively deformable ear loop portion that is adjustable to custom fit individual forms of an auricle of a user. The speaker is located near the ear canal opening to allow the user to hear surrounding sound. Communication interface is located within the boom for transmitting a voice signal. A transceiver is provided to be located within the boom or separately.

Abstract: A system for managing the interaction of programs is provided, comprising means for storing a set of predetermined characteristics respecting each program to be managed, each set of characteristics including an input signal type characteristic indicative of the identity of the type of inputs signals to which the program associated with the set of characteristics, is responsive and a signal modification characteristic indicative of whether a type of input signal is to be modified by the associated program; means responsive to input signals having predetermined properties emitted from one of the programs for interrogating each set of predetermined characteristics in a predetermined sequence, determining whether the associated program is responsive to a current input signal, determining whether the properties of the current input signal are to be modified and, if so, modifying the properties of the input signal; and means for emitting an output signal to the programs determined to be responsive to the input sign

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device of a dynamic type having an interface of a static-type semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array, and a control circuit controlling a read operation to be initiated in response to a predetermined signal externally applied thereto before a read or write command is externally applied to the control circuit.

Abstract: A child resistant package having a panel that obstructs removal of the articles being held within the package. When the package is fully opened or fully closed, the panel offers resistance to the removal of the articles contained therein. Only when the panel is in an aligned position do holes in the panel properly align so that the articles within the package can be removed. Each article is sandwiched between a top base portion and a bottom base portion of the package such that the panel can slide in-between the base portions when the package is opened or closed.

Abstract: A charge/discharge control circuit for controlling charging and discharging of a secondary battery that includes a cell. The charge/discharge control circuit includes an overdischarge detection circuit for detecting an overdischarged state of the battery, and an overcharge detection circuit for detecting an overcharged state of the battery. A discharge control switch is deactivated in the overdischarged state. A first charge control switch is deactivated in the overdischarged state. A second charge control switch is activated in the overdischarged state. A current-limiting circuit is connected in series with the second charge control switch for limiting the charging current when charging is performed.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device having a self-refresh operation includes a detection circuit generating a detection signal when detecting a change of a given input signal, and a comparator circuit comparing the detection signal with a refresh request signal internally generated and generating a control signal indicative of a circuit operation.

Abstract: In order to prevent degradation of an operational mode and a fuel consumption of an internal combustion engine at the time when raising the temperature of a catalyst poisoned NOx absorbent for removing the accumulated sulfur compounds, an exhaust purifying apparatus is provided in an exhaust pipe 22 connected to an internal combustion engine 11.

Abstract: Fluoropolymers comprising a fluoroelastomer matrix incorporating therein particles of a semicrystalline fluoropolymer formed of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) homopolymers or copolymers, wherein the average particle sizes of the semicrystalline fluoropolymer latex range from 10 to 100 nm.

Abstract: A dry-etching method comprises the step of dry-etching a metal thin film as a chromium-containing film, wherein the method is characterized by using, as an etching gas, a mixed gas including (a) a reactive ion etching gas, which contains an oxygen-containing gas and a halogen-containing gas, and (b) a reducing gas added to the gas component (a), in the process for dry-etching the metal thin film. The dry-etching method permits the production of a photomask by forming patterns to be transferred to a wafer on a photomask blank. The photomask can in turn be used for manufacturing semiconductor circuits. The method permits the decrease of the dimensional difference due to the coexistence of coarse and dense patterns in a plane and the production of a high precision pattern-etched product.

Abstract: A compound needle comprising a needle body having a hook-shaped hook at a front end thereof and a slider which is supported on the needle body to move relative thereto in a longitudinal direction of the needle body to the hook-shaped hook so as to open and close the hook-shaped hook, so as to capture a knitting yarn and escape a knitting stitch, wherein a tongue provided at a front end portion of the slider is provided, at a front end thereof, with a drop-stitch-preventing shoulder to prevent a stitch held on the tongue of the slider from slipping off the tongue during a knitting operation, and also the hook-shaped hook is provided, on an outer edge thereof extending from a front end of a lip portion thereof toward a top thereof, with a stitch escape surface, such that when the hook-shaped hook is closed by the tongue, the drop-stitch-preventing shoulder is hidden by the stitch escape surface to facilitate a knock-over of the stitch.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a hybrid vehicle having an internal combustion engine and an electric motor as driving sources for the vehicle, in which when it is detected that an air-fuel ratio of a supply air-fuel mixture to the engine changed to the lean side value (S44˜S46), the electric motor (2) is made operative as a motor in order to assist an output of the engine just after the detection (S47, S48). When it is detected that the air-fuel ratio of the supply air-fuel mixture changed to the rich side value (S44, S52, S53), the electric motor (2) is made operative as a generator for the purpose of the regeneration braking just after the detection (S54, S55). An output torque difference of the engine, therefore, when the air-fuel ratio of the supply air-fuel mixture changes can be sufficiently compensated without a time delay.

Abstract: In a control system for a gas turbine aero engine, without using the engine inlet sensors, the engine inlet condition data including the intake air temperature and the intake air pressure is estimated based at least on the detected rotational speed of the turbine, the detected inlet pressure of the turbine and the detected atmospheric pressure, etc. through reasoning. Thus, the system can remove the engine inlet sensors (which are generally expensive) and instead, enables to estimate the engine inlet condition data necessary for controlling the engine with a relatively simple configuration.