Abstract: Carbon monoxide and ethylene are polymerized in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst formed from a Group VIII metal source, such as palladium, a bidentate ligand containing a Group VA or VIA heteroatom, such as phosphorus, and an anion which is a non-coordinating, non-acidic tetrasubstituted anion containing a Group IIIA element, such as boron, with the anion preferably being either an unsubstituted or substituted boron tetraphenyl compound.

Abstract: A bis(pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol) alkylphosphonate compound, such as one comprising an alkyl group of from about one to four carbon atoms, preferably bis(pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol) methylphosphonate, is a flame retardant compound. Such a compound can be prepared by the transesterification of a diphenyl alkyl phosphonate carrying the desired alkyl group with pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol. An alternative process of preparation comprises the reaction of pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol, a trialkylamine, and an alkylphosphonic dihalide.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optically non-linear active waveguiding material comprising an optically transparent polymer and a donor group and acceptor group-containing triphenylcarbinol as a dopant. Said dopants have a high hyperpolarizability and have a charge-transfer absorption band which is about the same as that of their corresponding compounds having only one donor-.pi.-acceptor unit. The triphenylcarbinols were found to display good solubility in polymers. Nitro-functionalized triphenylcarbinols are preferred because of their charge-transfer absorption band at a low wavelength (.lambda..sub.max at about 290 nm). Aldehyde-functionalized calix(4)arenes were also found to have this low wavelength charge-transfer absorption band (.lambda..sub.max at about 270 nm). Triphenyls comprising stilbene donor-.pi.-acceptor units are preferred because of their high hyperpolarizability.

Abstract: A bis(pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol) alkylphosphonate compound, such as one comprising an alkyl group of from about one to four carbon atoms, preferably bis(pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol) methylphosphonate, is a flame retardant compound. Such a compound can be prepared by the transesterification of a diphenyl alkyl phosphonate carrying the desired alkyl group with pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol. An alternative process of preparation comprises the reaction of pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol, a trialkylamine, and an alkylphosphonic dihalide.

Abstract: An .alpha.-aminonitrile compound derived from the reaction, in the presence of a cyanide source of (1) a bisulfite adduct of a carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of an aldehyde and a ketone with (2) a fatty alkyl alkylene diamine containing two reactible amino functionalities which is of the formula RNHR.sub.1 NH.sub.2, where R is fatty alkyl and R.sub.1 is lower alkylene of up to six carbon atoms.

Abstract: Diethyl ethylphosphonate is formed by the catalytic rearrangement of triethyl phosphite in a reaction medium at elevated temperature, preferably using an ethyl iodide as the rearrangement catalyst, employing a heel of diethyl ethylphosphonate in the reaction medium when the reaction is begun with maintaining of the reaction medium at a temperature above the boiling point of the triethyl phosphite (for example, a temperature of from about 175.degree. C. to about 185.degree. C.) and addition of the triethyl phosphite to the reaction medium at a rate slow enough to maintain that temperature.

Abstract: Bromomagnesium tetrakis(fluorophenyl) borate reactible intermediates can be formed by reacting at least four equivalents of fluorophenyl magnesium bromide with every one equivalent of boron trifluoride in ether solvent using a sufficient amount of heat to drive the reaction to completion. This type of reactible intermediate can then be reacted with a salt containing a suitable cation, such as ammonium, trityl or onium, preferably substituted with phenyl or alkyl, such as lower alkyl, to form the desired combination of weakly coordinating boron anion and activating cation.

Abstract: Arylene poly(diarylphosphate) compositions can be formed by a process which comprises:(a) forming a reaction mixture comprising diaryl halophosphate and, as by-products, a mixture of monoaryl dihalophosphate and triarylphosphate, by reaction of phosphorus oxyhalide and a phenol in a first reactor;(b) if a preponderance of lower oligomers is desired, optionally transferring the reaction mixture from (a) to a subsequent reactor where at least a portion of the monoaryl dihalophosphate is recycled to the first reactor for reaction with the phenol contained therein to form additional diaryl halophosphate in the first reactor and the reaction mixture in (b) becomes enriched with diaryl halophosphate to ultimately favor the ultimate formation of a product of lower molecular weight distribution; and(c) reacting the product from (a) or (b), as selected, with an aromatic diol to form the arylene poly(diarylphosphate) product.

Abstract: The separation of radon-220 from a liquid radioactive composition comprising radon-220, radium-224, and radium-225, and their daughter isotopes, as well as may be their thorium precursors, which liquid radioactive composition is adapted for use in the ultimate production of actinium-225 for radioimmunotherapy, can be achieved by treating the composition with a gas to strip the radon-220 from the composition.

Abstract: A process for the flotation of coarse potash ore fractions in an aqueous brine containing frother that comprises: (a) using a column flotation device in which air bubbles are generated by a sparger that utilizes high intensity shearing to mix and disperse air into brine containing frother; (b) removing a portion of the suspension at another point in the direction of flow of the suspension to regulate the upward flow rate of the suspension past the point where the air is dispersed into the suspension and thereby reducing fine particles entrainment in the froth product. The suspension can be conditioned with an aqueous composition comprising a hydrocarbon extender oil and a substantially saturated long chain primary mine, optionally comprising an acid, such as a mineral acid or carboxylic acid, to emulsify the oil in the composition, or can be conditioned with an aqueous composition comprising a long chain primary amine having an iodine value ranging from about 20 to about 70 cg/g.

Abstract: Transition metal carbides, having high surface areas and catalytic activity for use in pollution control, isomerization and hydrodesulfurization procedures, can be formed by the calcination of a mixture of an acyclic compound containing carbon-nitrogen-hydrogen bonding and a metal salt. The acyclic compound is preferably a compound of guanidine or a derivative thereof such as a deammoniated derivative of guanidine. The metal salt is preferably a metal halide such as a metal chloride.

Abstract: A process for forming a metal carbide catalyst, for example, a Group VIB transition metal carbide, such as tungsten carbide, which may be on a support, which process comprises the calcination of a precursor comprising a water soluble salt of: (1) a cation comprising nitrogen-hydrogen bonded moieties, such as a guanidine cation; and (2) an anion, such as a tungstate anion, comprising metal-oxygen bonded moieties, so that upon calcination the product formed is the metal carbide and the by-products comprise ammonia and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: An accelerator composition for the curing of unsaturated maleic, allylic, vinylic and epoxy-type polyester resins is disclosed. The accelerator composition includes a complex of a salt of a metal selected from lithium, copper, manganese, magnesium, vanadium, iron and cobalt, with an ammonium salt of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 carboxylic acid which is capable of forming a complex with the metal salt. Also disclosed are a curable resin composition including the foregoing accelerators and a curing process employing these accelerators.

Abstract: A non-coordinating anion, preferably containing a sterically shielded diboron hydride, if combined with a cyclopenta-dienyl-substituted metallocene cation component, such as a zirconocene metallocene, is a useful olefin polymerization catalyst component. The anion preferably has the formula ##STR1## where R is branched lower alkyl, such as t-butyl.

Abstract: Anhydride functionalized copolymers of a higher .alpha.-olefin, and an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid ester formed by copolymerization of olefin, acid ester and anhydride of the acid can be used to form imide and polar group-containing lubricant additives by reaction of the anhydride functionality in such a copolymer with an organic compound containing amino functionality and a polar group, such as hydroxy or carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Bimetallic oxynitrides and nitrides which have catalytic properties comprise two transition metals selected from Groups IIIB to VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements. Preferably, one metal is either molybdenum or tungsten. The other can be tungsten or molybdenum, respectively, or another transition metal, such as vanadium, niobium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, or nickel. They have a face centered cubic (fcc) arrangement of the metal atoms and have a surface area of no less than about 40 m.sup.2 /gm.

Abstract: Polyketones can be formed in enhanced yield by conducting the polymerization of the carbon monoxide and olefin monomers used to form the polyketone in a gas phase polymerization process in the presence of a polyketone catalyst support which is substantially saturated with an amount of a liquid, non-polymerizable diluent which is effective in increasing the amount of polyketone formed over that which would be formed in the substantial absence of the diluent. The catalyst support which is substantially saturated with the liquid, non-polymerizable diluent is formed in a previous solution polymerization step in which the polyketone catalyst support is formed by polymerizing carbon monoxide and an olefin in the diluent comprising a catalyst so that the polymer which is formed adsorbs substantially all the diluent followed by continuation of the reaction substantially in the gas phase in the presence of the saturated polyketone catalyst support.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optically non-linear active waveguiding material comprising an optically transparent polymer and a non-linear optical dopant comprising more than one donor-.pi.-acceptor unit.Dopants comprising more than one donor-.pi.-acceptor unit, especially dopants in which the donor-.pi.-acceptor units are positioned in a cyclic group, have a high hyperpolarizability and a charge-transfer absorption band wavelength which is about the same as that of dopants with only one donor-.pi.-acceptor unit.Especially suitable dopants for use are calix(4)arenes. These are provided with acceptor groups at the upper rim and with donor groups at the lower rim. In addition to having excellent hyperpolarizability, these compounds were found to be readily soluble in host polymers, such as polymethylene (meth) acrylate and polystyrene.

Abstract: The invention is in the field of intrinsically thermochromic material. We have found that infrared absorbing dyes of the azamethine type have intrinsically thermochromic properties. The use of said dyes as thermochromic material has the advantage that they can be thermally activated by infrared irradiation. Irradiation of such material with a laser causes a color change that can be used in imaging and optical data storage.The thermochromic dyes can be mixed with polymeric material and from the resulting polymer composition films can be made. If the dye contains polymerizable groups, it may be covalently incorporated into the polymer.

Abstract: The reaction of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and a .alpha.,.omega.-alkanediol, in the presence of a transesterification catalyst, such as a metal alkoxide and/or metal acetate, can be used to synthesize an .alpha.,.omega.-bis(p-hydroxybenzoyloxy)alkane monomer.