Abstract: A method, system, and apparatus for handing-off data receivers in a broadcast-based data dissemination environment. Data receiver hand-off is carried out between data sources in different data cells broadcasting information of the same category. Furthermore, data cell ranges are based on geographic regions rather than signal strength coverage. Generally, the hand-off process involves acquiring the current receiver location of the data receiver and comparing the receiver location with a current data cell range. If the current receiver location is outside the current data cell range, a hand-off controller searches for a new data source encompassing the current receiver location coordinates and having an associated data topic matching the current topic. Once a new data source is found, the hand-off controller subscribes the data receiver to the new data source.

Abstract: Linear optimization queries, which usually arise in various decision support and resource planning applications, are queries that retrieve top N data records (where N is an integer greater than zero) which satisfy a specific optimization criterion. The optimization criterion is to either maximize or minimize a linear equation. The coefficients of the linear equation are given at query time. Methods and apparatus are disclosed for constructing, maintaining and utilizing a multidimensional indexing structure of database records to improve the execution speed of linear optimization queries. Database records with numerical attributes are organized into a number of layers and each layer represents a geometric structure called convex hull. Such linear optimization queries are processed by searching from the outer-most layer of this multi-layer indexing structure inwards.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing the number of refresh actions needed to maintain data in a DRAM, by restoring only those cells which haven't been read from or written to within an allotted data retention time. One embodiment describes a restore tracking system as applied to a DRAM cache. The restore tracking system can alternatively be applied to any memory architecture having duplication of information. For example, the number of refresh actions needed to maintain data entries in a DRAM can be reduced by recording and updating a refresh status of one or more of the data entries in the DRAM; and invalidating those data entries having an expired status. Thus, more memory bandwidth can be made available to a computer system.

Abstract: A computer implemented method prices derivative securities (for example, options) by selecting an importance sampling (IS) distribution and combining the chosen IS distribution with stratified sampling. The process consists of the steps of choosing an importance sampling distribution and combining the chosen importance sampling with stratification or Quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) simulation. In the first step, an importance sampling distribution is chosen. In the second step, the chosen importance sampling is combined with stratification or Quasi-Monte Carlo sequencing. The pricing of many types of securities reduces to one of estimating an expectation of a real-valued function of some random variables.

Abstract: A method of adapting multimedia content to a client device, wherein the multimedia content includes one or more items and the client device has capabilities and resources associated therewith, is provided. The method includes transcoding the multimedia content into a plurality of transcoded content versions, wherein the plurality of transcoded content versions have different modalities and resolutions associated therewith. Next, the transcoded content versions that are not compatible with client device capabilities are filtered out. Then, at least a portion of the resources associated with the client device are allocated among the one or more items of the multimedia content. Lastly, one or more of the transcoded versions of the multimedia content are selected to generate a customized content based on allocation of the client device resources.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory system is described. The system includes ferroelectric memory cells each comprising a pair of metal plates and a ferroelectric material therebetween. Data are stored in the cells by applying an electric field corresponding to the desired data value across a given cell, thereby setting the polarity of the ferroelectric material to a given state. A datum is read from a cell by a mechanical force to the ferroelectric material and sensing charge induced on one of the cells.

Abstract: The reception part 30 outputs the text and the header of the received electronic mail to the voice synthesizing part 32. The voice font switching part 326 outputs the sander ID contained in the header to the voice font searching part 328. The voice font searching part 328 searches the voice feature data in the voice font database part 330 to have voice feature data in which the user ID contained in the header of the voice feature data matches the sender ID sent to the rhythm control part 322 and the voice generating part 324. The rhythm control part 322, the voice generating part 324 and the voice output part 38 read the content of the text in a voice feature indicated by the phonemes contained in the supplied voice feature data and generates a voice signal characterized by rhythm data contained in the header of the voice feature data for output.

Abstract: An improved method, system, and a computer program storage device for management of compressed main memory allocation and utilization. The present invention has features which advantageously avoid system abends or inefficient operation that would otherwise result. We identify 3 types of addresses associated with a page: a virtual address, a real address, and a physical address. The OS is responsible for converting virtual addresses to real addresses, and the memory controller is responsible for converting real addresses to the physical addresses where the compressed data are actually stored. We assume that the memory controller has the capability to store a page either compressed, or uncompressed. Depending on the characteristics of the controller, this may be done either on a per page basis via an indicator bit that is settable by the OS, or on a range of real addresses.

Abstract: When a user points a hot spot 322-i, a selection frame 38 is displayed in correlation to input frames 320-i (hot spot 322-i). The selection frame 38 includes within a same window a list of candidate characters of a handwritten character inputted to the input frame 320-i and a symbol (x,{circumflex over ( )}) indicating editing process such as deletion and insertion with respect to the prime candidate character displayed in the prime candidate frame 34. When the user selects a candidate character within the selection frame 38, the prime candidate character in the prime candidate frame 34 is replaced with a newly selected candidate character. When the user selects a symbol indicating deletion and insertion, etc., an editing process is performed with respect to the character string displayed in the prime candidate frame 34 and the input frame 320-i.

Abstract: The present invention describes the use of two semiconductor layers, a thin film (TF) layer and a bulk Si wafer layer, to make high density and high speed merged logic and memory IC chips. The memory cells use three-dimensional (3D) SRAM structures. Two kinds of 3D logic cells are disclosed. 3D form of the differential cascode voltage switch (DCVS) architecture, and a 3D form of the DCVS with pass gate (DCVSPG) logic architecture. A high density “system on chip” architecture is described. The high density is achieved by locating large PMOS transistors in the TF Si layer, and the fast NMOS transistors in a bulk Si wafer layer. A single process sequence to simultaneously make the logic and memory circuits on the IC chip is also described.

Abstract: An electron source comprises a permanent magnet having channels within the plate extending between opposite poles of the magnet. The internal surfaces of the channels are conductive. A cathode means is located at a first pole of the magnet, at one end of the channels. Each channel within the magnet has a plurality of perforations located on a surface of the permanent magnet, the surface extending between opposite poles of the magnet. A potential applied between the cathode and the conductive internal surfaces of the channels causes electrons to be received into the channels and each perforation forms electrons received from the cathode means into an electron beam for guidance towards a target.

Abstract: Variable-length data, comprising of compressed pages, is stored in a memory so that access to any sub-page or line within a page may be started given a single address corresponding to the location of a fixed-length block within the memory.

Abstract: A mask process such as smoothing of a graphic or a character drawn into a bit pattern is performed by using only SHIFT, logical NOT, AND, OR operations of bit strings, rather than using conditional branch instructions in the form of “IF THEN ELSE” and “SWITCH” statements that lead to undesirable reduction of processing speed. This results in a substantial increase of the processing speed. Further, in order to process an image that is wider than a bus width or a register length at high speed, adjacent patterns of an original image, which are not necessarily used for a logical operation, are loaded onto left and right sides of a processing object, to form a processing unit for use in a logical operation.

Abstract: When a user depresses a normal mode key 180 of a key pad 18 the computer 16 provides a voice signal which reads text data aloud at a normal speed (for example, a speed at which an announcer reads aloud news in radio broadcasting). When the user depresses a fast feed mode key 182, the computer 16 converts only a section of the text data at a speed (1.5 to 3 times the normal speed) which will enable the user to understand the content to a voice signal. other sections (skipping section) are converted to a voice signal of a speed (skipping speed, 3 or more times the normal speed) at which the user can grasp at least the length and the tome of the text data regardless of whether or not it is audible to the user.

Abstract: Self-reset and write control circuits for high performance asynchronous multiport register files are disclosed. The high speed write operation is achieved by the combination of static data input and dynamic data control circuits. The write timing signal generation, true and complement address buffer, decoder and wordline drivers, and write enable circuits employ the advantages of a fully custom designed methodology with self-resetting complementary metal oxide semiconductor (SRCMOS) circuit techniques. Individual write enable pulses applied to respective input ports of a multiport register cell are effective to establish a priority among those input ports. In this design, the priority of the B-write-port over the A-write-port is established when both write ports address the same register. The present invention provides an effective input isolation/decoupling circuit technique which allows the input pulse widths to vary over a wide range.

Abstract: A system and method for the superimposition of differential signals on binary signals. The technique can be performed on busses, and in many kinds of storage media. It can be accomplished in many ways depending on the noise that is to be tolerated, and depending on the sophistication of the encoding means.

Abstract: An integrated circuit-compatible photo detector is disclosed which is particularly compatible with BiCMOS fabrication processes. In a first aspect, the photo detector is formed as a lateral phototransistor having a semiconductor substrate, a base structure formed as a first impurity region in the substrate, an emitter structure formed as a second impurity region in the first impurity region, and a collector structure formed by the substrate and by a pair of third and fourth impurity regions in the substrate on opposite sides of the first and second impurity regions. An emitter contact is electrically connected to the second impurity region, while a pair of collector contacts are electrically connected to the third and fourth impurity regions and to each other. An anti-reflective coating is applied to at least the base structure.

Abstract: A method of gender dependent speech recognition includes the steps of identifying phone state models common to both genders, identifying gender specific phone state models, identifying a gender of a speaker and recognizing acoustic data from the speaker.

Abstract: A dual trench structure for a high density trench DRAM. The dual trench structure, each of which can reside in part under the access device of a respective cell, does not require the use of expensive selective epi growth techniques. A sub-minimum lithographic trench opening can be used (1) to improve the cell area, (2) to increase the device length, and (3) to improve the margin of diffusion straps. Acceptable trench capacitance for the cells formed in a single opening can be achieved either by using thin capacitor dielectric, or by expanding the trenches laterally under the devices.

Abstract: The invention is a novel antenna configuration that has a substantially smaller size than existing antennas tuned to a given frequency. Compact size is provided without substantial loss in performance, making the antenna particularly suitable for hand-held devices. An antenna in accordance with the invention is preferably situated on an FR4 substrate, and includes a dipole having first and second pairs of copper radiating strips, one pair on each of the top and bottom surfaces of the substrate. Each radiating strip in a pair has a copper conductive strip coupled thereto, the strip of one radiating element being situated on the same surface of the substrate as the respective strip, with the conducting element of the other radiating strip being disposed on the opposite surface of the substrate. The effect of the configuration is to lengthen the radiating strips without an increase in substrate dimensions, thereby allowing tuning to low frequencies for a given substrate size.