Abstract: Device for dispatching video and/or audio signals to several receivers. A typical installation has a main television receiver (1), optically coupled to a video recorder (2), and a standard antenna (4) for video and/or audio signal reception. A distributor (5) transmits these signals to the main receiver and to at least one auxiliary television receiver (7), and is coupled to at least one additional source (912) of baseband video and/or audio signals, which is independent of the reception antenna. The device has a dispatcher unit (14) which receives the antenna signals and transmits them to the main receiver directly, or through the video recorder, and receives the baseband video and/or audio signals from the independent source.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to guidance devices on board autonomous vehicles or robots which have to move about notably in environments that are inaccessible or dangerous to human beings. Disclosed is a device for the detection of the environment, and the positioning and/or the guidance of a mobile vehicle on the ground, of the type comprising, firstly, means for the generation and transmission of a signal that can be reflected by a fixed obstacle and, secondly, means for the reception and processing of the signal reflected by said fixed obstacle, said processing means enabling the recognition of the environment and/or the guidance of said autonomous mobile vehicle, said transmitted signal being a millimetric wave radar signal and said transmission and reception means cooperating with a rotary antenna having a 360.degree. rotation in azimuth.

Abstract: Disclosed is a microwave tube with n (where n is an integer greater than one) longitudinal electron beams parallel to an axis XX'. It has at least one output cavity crossed by the electron beams and one collector collecting the n electron beams at their output from the cavity. A transmission line is coupled to the output cavity. The transmission line is coaxial with the axis XX'. The collector is positioned around the transmission line and is coaxial with it. The device can be applied to multiple-beam klystrons capable of working at high power and at high frequency.

Abstract: The invention provides a device for distributing electric potentials for supplying a component with electric power, capable of being incorporated in the case in which the component is encapsulated.This device is in the form of a plate comprising conducting planes connected to external power supply potentials. This plate either forms the cover of the case or is placed inside the case above said component. Each of the conducting planes of the device is connected, outside the case, to the power supply potential and, inside the case, at multiple points to the component so as to distribute these potentials to the appropriate inputs/outputs thereof, thus reducing the number of inputs/outputs of the case.

Abstract: Disclosed is a microwave tube with n (where n is an integer greater than one) parallel, longitudinal electron beams distributed on a ring centered on an axis XX'. The electron beams go through several groups of n cavities. So that each group may resonate on a single frequency, it is provided that the cavities of one and the same group will work in their dominant mode, at one and the same frequency, and will get excited in phase. To this end, the cavities of the input group are excited in phase by an appropriate device external to the tube. The device can be applied to multiple-beam klystrons working at high frequencies.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the making of microlenses for optical applications (display for example) resulting from the deposition of a liquid on a substrate, the surface of which has been locally modified so as to increase the wetting capacity of the liquid thereon. The substrate may be a polymer and the wetting liquid may be an organic fluid capable of hardening by an adapted treatment.

Abstract: Disclosed is a color matrix screen with colored filters in a triad or delta layout. In this layout, the pixels are formed by two adjacent sub-pixels that are aligned along the lines and columns of the matrix, the colored filters of the lines n (n may be odd or even) being arranged according to the sequence A,A, B,B, C,C and the colored filters of the lines n+1 being arranged according to the sequence C,C, A,A, B,B where A,B,C is any combination of red, green, blue with the offset of a sub-pixel at each end of the line, and wherein each column is constituted by two parallel column elements connected to each other at each end, two adjacent sub-pixels of a line with colored filters of a same color being each connected to a different column element Application to liquid crystal screens.

Abstract: The method for the management of transactions in a system including card readers and the associated microcircuit cards consists in organizing the memory of the cards, designed for the recording of the transactions, in two zones, one zone that is accessible through the presenting of the bearer code at each transaction, for the transactions involving sums above a predetermined value, the other zone being accessible for the transactions involving sums that are below the predetermined value, without any systematic presenting of the bearer's code: a presenting of the bearer's code commands the writing of opening bits of recording spaces in this second zone until the number of open spaces is equal to N which is a predetermined value. The disclosed method can be applied, notably, to credit cards, telephone cards and multiple-use cards.

Abstract: A method for linking data for recording on a recordable type of optical disk with data encoded according to a specific encoding using a CIRC type error correction system. The pieces of data are organized in frames, in blocks of p frames and in groups of n blocks. The frames of data and frames of sub-codes are synchronized by using pieces of information pre-recorded on the disk. During encoding, each group of n blocks receives and is preceded by three redundant blocks, namely a run-in block (RIN) itself preceded by a first dummy block (DMI) and second dummy block (DM2); and is follwed by two redundant blocks, namely a run-out block (ROUT) which is followed by a third dummy block (DM3). During writing on the disk, the length of the three redundant blocks is sufficient. They effectively set-up the record and reading of the data and its interleaving and error correction code. The disclosed method can be applied particularly to recordable optical compact disks.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optoelectronic device on a semi-insulator substrate, of the type comprising, stacked on one another, at least:- one substrate made of semi-insulator material,- one lower confinement layer with a first type of conductivity,- at least one active layer in strip form, and- an upper confinement layer with a second type of conductivity. In this device, the lower confinement layer covers one side of the semi-insulator substrate in passing beneath the active layer and coming to a stop substantially vertically to this active layer and the upper confinement layer covers the other side of the semi-insulator substrate in passing over the active layer and coming to a stop substantially vertically to this active layer. The disclosure can be applied notably to the fabrication of lasers.

Abstract: The method of loading applications programs into a memory card reader having a microprocessor, connected by telephone to a server center, and suitable for executing these applications is such that the applications programs are stored in the memories of cards entitled to said applications while corresponding application pointers are stored in the server center, with the method consisting, once a card has been inserted in the reader, in setting up a telephone call from the reader to the server, in transferring the pointer for the application requested by the reader over the telephone line, in the reader interpreting the pointer to find the corresponding application program in the card, and then in transferring the program very quickly to the reader for the purpose of executing it. The invention applies in particular to those applications programs which are run most frequently from a memory card.

Abstract: A device for positioning at least one masking strip in a machine for metallizing wide film, enabling a film to be obtained with metallized zones and non-metallized zones. This device has at least two rollers with smooth surfaces which drive the masking strips, and are positioned to bring the masking strips over the film during the metallization. At least one comb is mounted near the metallization site to position and guide the masking strips over the film. The invention applies to machines for metallizing plastic films used, for example, in the manufacture of chip-type capacitors.

Abstract: A process for simultaneously lubricating the interior wall of a underground conduit, while by use of compressed air, placing in the conduit a cable along the entire length of the conduit. The cable is drawn through the conduit by a puller, or comparable device, which is connected to the head of the cable, and rests in the conduit in a substantially air tight relation. This puller transmits a traction force to draw the cable through the conduit. The internal surface of the conduit is lubricated substantially uniformly over the entire length as the puller travels along the conduit by means of a reservoir of lubricant of a variable volume. This reservoir is at the rear of the puller, but in front of the cable. The lubrication and placement of the cable is along the entire length of the conduit. The invention also concerns an apparatus for carrying this process.

Abstract: This detonator includes a cylindrical anvil of dielectric material bearing on one face an area of electrical contact and on the other a fusible bridge of which one end is connected to the area of electrical contact via a plugged conducting hole and of which the other end is connected to an annular conducting area around the edge of the anvil. A cylindrical hollow plug is connected to the anvil by a flanged ring soldered to the plug and to the annular conducting area of the anvil. Around this plug is fitted a cylindrical flexible contact part. A closing cylinder is soldered to the plug. Inside the plug are fitted a disk of plastic material, a barrel, and an explosive charge in a case. The assembly is closed by a cap laser welded to the closing cylinder. The invention is applicable to hermetic detonator structures for initiation in particular of warheads, propellors of rockets, missiles or other guided projectiles, or of gas generators.

Abstract: A hydrodynamic trawl opening device is disclosed consisting of a structure 11) with at least two flexible superimposed wings (12, 13), joined together by a plurality of flexible dividing walls (14) which are transverse with respect to said wings. Fixing means (15a, 15b) are further provided for rigging it to the trawl, close to the opening, so that the wings are incident with respect to the flow direction and so that said dividing walls are oriented in the flow direction.Besides its excellent lift performances at normal trawling speeds, the device of the invention is very easy to rig and has negligible space requirement.

Abstract: In a method for the thermal conditioning of electronic equipment mounted on aircraft, a flow of ram air is tapped and transferred to first means enabling said flow of air to be given a first negative gradient of temperature after which, if necessary, the flow air coming from said first cooling means is transferred to second means capable of giving a second negative gradient of temperature to said flow of air, after which the flow of air coming directly from the first cooling means, combined as the case may be with the flow of air coming from the second cooling means, is transferred to the immediate vicinity of the electronic equipment to be cooled, thus achieving an appropriate thermal conditioning of said electronic equipment. The disclosure also relates to the systems designed for the implementation of this method.

Abstract: Phenomena of unwanted programming, caused by the substrate currents of an integrated circuit, are prevented by providing for a measurement of these currents and for a circuit invalidating the operation of the integrated circuit when the result of this measurement goes beyond a certain threshold. In a preferred way, the measurement of the substrate current is obtained by making a bipolar type transistor, the base region of which is formed precisely by this substrate, or by making a a field-effect type of transistor, the gate of which and one of the active regions of which are connected to the ground terminal of the circuit. But theses two connections are different. One of the connections is direct while the other is a connection subjected to the fluctuations in the potential of the substrate.

Abstract: To provide protection for the use of chip cards, the microprocessor of such a card is made, during the use of the card, to compute a signature according to complex encrypting algorithm taking account, firstly, of a secret code proper to the card and, secondly, of the instructions proper to the program. The signature thus computed is compared with a signature that has been pre-recorded in the card under the same conditions at the time of its delivery by the card-issuing party. It is shown that several uses can be authorized without jeopardizing their security.