Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing speech in a wireless communication system uses CELP speech encoded signals. A speech input receives samples of a speech signal and a codebook analysis block for selects an index of a code from at least one of a plurality of codebooks. A weighted synthesis filter is used in the generation of a prediction error between a predicted current sample and a current sample of the speech samples. The index is transmitted to the receiver to enable reconstruction of the speech signal at the receiver.

Abstract: A method and system for performing initial cell search is disclosed. Step 1 processing is preformed to detect a peak primary synchronization code (PSC) location (i.e. chip offset or chip location). Step 2 processing is performed to obtain the toffset and code group. Step 3 processing is performed to identify the midamble of a base station with which the WTRU performing the initial cell search may synchronize with.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and wireless communication devices that are configured to enhance communication capacity in a wireless network. In one aspect of the invention various scheduling processes and schedulers for the transmissions of data packets are disclosed. In another aspect of the invention, the selection of appropriate transmission rates to advertise by a common unit which provides wireless service to different types of wireless transmit receive units (WTRUs) is addressed.

Abstract: A method for optimizing clear channel assessment (CCA) parameters in a wireless local area network having an access point (AP) and at least one station begins by receiving a trigger condition. An upper bound and a lower bound for an energy detect threshold (EDT) parameter are determined. A value of the EDT parameter is calculated and is bound by the upper bound and the lower bound. Lastly, the EDT parameter is updated. The method can be performed at each station or at the AP, with the updated CCA parameters being signaled to each station associated with the AP.

Abstract: A plurality of communication signals have differing spreading codes. Each communication has an associated code comprising chips. For each chip of each communication, a vector of that chip convolved with an impulse response is produced. For each communication, support blocks comprising the chip vectors are produced. A number of the chip vectors in a support block is based on that communication's spreading factor. A system response matrix is assembled. The system response matrix has symbol sub-matrices. Each symbol sub-matrix comprises a support block from each communication. Data of the communications is detected using the symbol response matrix.

Abstract: A method for accelerating discovery of access points (APs) in a wireless local area network begins by transmitting an advertisement packet by an AP via at least one channel other than a channel on which the AP transmits beacon signals. The advertisement packet is received by a station (STA), which then determines whether to associate to the transmitting AP. The advertisement packet can include reassociation information, such that the STA can associate to the AP based on the information in the advertisement packet, or timing information, such that the STA can tune to the AP and receive the AP's beacon without dwelling on the AP for an extended period of time.

Abstract: A clutch release arrangement (1) for a clutch release (pressure plate) (6) used in vehicles is provided. The clutch release arrangement (1) includes a control lever (2), which forms one unit together with a housing (3) and also a clutch release bearing (4). The housing (3) is supported directly on the control lever (2) by contact surfaces (8a, 8b or 18a, 18b) of different lengths, which allow height compensation “s” at assembly.

Abstract: A rotating passage feed system for admitting pressure means into two machine parts (hub part (2), shaft (3)) which rotate relative to one another about a common axis. Conduits (17) that convey the pressure means are located in the shaft (3) and are joined to pressure means connections (6) via tapped holes while a connecting part (5) in which ring channels (8) are provided is also joined thereto. A central sleeve (9) is joined to the connecting part (5) in a non-rotatable manner. The connecting part (5) and the central sleeve (9) are produced in an inexpensive manner as lightweight structure formed from sheet metal through a shaping process.

Abstract: A method for differential phase evaluation of M-ary communication data is employed in which the data consists of N sequential symbols r1 . . . rN, each having one of M transmitted phases. Selected sequences of N?1 elements that represent possible sequences of phase differentials are evaluated using multiple-symbol differential detection. Using r1 as the reference for each phase differential estimate, sN?1 phase differential sequences are selected in the form (P2i, P3i, . . . , PNi) for i=1 to s for evaluating said symbol set, where s is predetermined and 1<s<M. Each set of s phase differential estimate values are chosen based on being the closest in value to the actual transmitted phase differential value. These s phase differential estimates can be determined mathematically as those which produce the maximum results using conventional differential detection.

Abstract: A spread spectrum noise shaper uses a modulation technique to achieve a greater signal-to-noise or signal-to-interference ratio (SNR or SIR). The technique doubles the system SIR, in principle. This doubling yields a doubling in system capacity. SNR is increased by receiving the spread spectrum signal in the presence of less noise near the edge of the spread spectrum bandwidth. The technique requires only small additions to a conventional spread spectrum system, in the form of an extra modulator at the transmitter, and an extra demodulator and filter at the receiver.

Abstract: A scent lure is configured as a reusable container with two separate compartments, one for a scent wick and one for a disposable heating element. The compartments are separated by a common dividing wall and are independently accessible for ease of use. The separate compartments allow the heating element to be removed and/or replaced without contact with the scent wick and vice versa. Preferably, the heating compartment has vents to facilitate continued activation of a heating element during use. The vents are preferably configured to provide a chimney effect that creates a heated air flow over the sent wick for enhancing the lure's effectiveness.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tension roller (1) for a fraction drive, comprising a washer (2) mounted on an antifriction bearing and a spacer (4a). A sealing cap (13a) is provided between the washer (2) and the spacer (4a) and allows for a captivated arrangement of all components of the tension roller.

Abstract: A camera system according to the present invention includes an image pickup device having an imaging surface of an imaging range with a predetermined aspect ratio, the image circle being set larger than the imaging range to include the imaging range therein, a mount portion to which the interchangeable lens is mounted, and an opening portion having an opening for allowing luminous flux from the interchangeable lens to pass through, being located at a position spaced from the imaging surface by a predetermined distance, wherein the size of the opening of the opening portion is equal to or larger than a square formed by connecting ends of segments tilted by an angle ? with respect to an optical axis diagonally from four corners of the imaging range and extended to the opening of the opening portion, and the angle ? satisfies: 12 degrees??, wherein a distance between the opening of the opening portion and the imaging surface, herein referred to as flange back (FB), is: 35 mm?FB?50 mm.

Abstract: A synthetic polymer foam is produced which incorporates fine particles of expandable graphite which surprisingly impart excellent fire resistant properties to the foam, particularly to foam made with a non-halogenated hydrocarbon as the primary blowing agent. For best results, the foam is produced through mixing the constituent materials, including the expandable graphite using a screw extruder. The foam can also be produced by creating a graphite/polyol or graphite/isocyanate dispersion in an extruder then mixing the remaining components in a conventional batch mixing or high pressure spraying process. Alternatively, conventional mixing can be used for the entire process, but use of a screw extruder in whole or in part is preferred.

Abstract: At least one communication is transmitted from a plurality of transmitting antennas. A signal is received. For each transmitting antenna, the received signal is equalized with respect to a channel experience by the communication between the transmitting antenna and the signal receiving, producing symbols. A contribution of that transmitting antenna to the received signal is constructed using the produced symbols. The contribution of that transmitting antenna is subtracted from the received signal for use in further equalization of the received signal with respect to others of the transmitting antennas.

Abstract: A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) and methods are used in a wireless communication system to process sampled received signals to establish and/or maintain wireless communications. A selectively controllable coherent accumulation unit produces power delay profiles (PDPs). A selectively controllable post processing unit passes threshold qualified magnitude approximation values and PDP positions to a device such as a rake receiver to determine receive signal paths.

Abstract: A system and method for staggering forward and reverse channel time slot allocation in a wireless communication allows a wireless communication unit, such as a base station processor or a subscriber access unit, to transmit a return message in less than a full time slot interval. Forward and reverse channel allocation occurs as a cycle of time slots occurring at periodic timing intervals. Transmission of a wireless frame carrying a message payload occurs at the beginning of the time slot. Since the forward and reverse channel allocation cycles need not be concurrent, or in phase, these cycles may be staggered with respect to each other. By staggering the forward and reverse channel allocation timing interval, the return message is sent after only a portion of a full timing interval, rather than being delayed up to one complete timing interval.

Abstract: A method for positional determination for an EC motor (14) on a device for the adjustment of the rotational angular position of the camshaft (11) of a reciprocating piston combustion engine relative to the crankshaft (12) is provided, whereby a positional measuring signal is tracked on each occurrence of a state change for a sensor signal from magnetic field sensors arranged on the stator of the EC motor (14), provided for detection of magnetic poles of the EC rotor. On error-free measurement, the signal sensor passes through a series of sensor signal states which occur at least twice per mechanical rotation of the rotor. The series of sensor signal states is determined and recorded. A fine correction of the positional measurement signal is carried out using the stored series, when the series of the measured sensor signal values differs from the stored series.

Abstract: The invention relates to cyclopalladated compounds containing bis-diphenyiphosphine-ferrocene ligands and their analogues which are active inhibitors of proteins and enzymes, for example, those of the serine peptidase, cysteine-protease, metalo-protease and endopeptidase families, involved in the development and metastases of malignant tumors, e.g. of the thyroid. An exemplary compound is shown in the figure. The compounds are able te modulate the immunological system due to their action on the enzymes and their interaction with DNA molecules.

Abstract: An optical element of the present invention includes: a primary surface-1 whereon diffuse illuminating light radiated by a light source device is incident; a primary surface-2 formed in a concave cross-sectional shape when viewed from the primary surface-1, which reflects only illuminating light incident from the primary surface-1; a primary surface-3 formed in a convex cross-sectional shape when viewed from the primary surface-1, which reflects only diffuse illuminating light radiated by the light source device; and a primary surface-4 which radiates illuminating light incident from the primary surface-1 and illuminating light reflected by the primary surface-2. The primary surfaces-1 through -4 are located at positions such that the light beams reflected by the primary surface-2 and the light beams reflected by the primary surface-3 are substantially parallel.