Abstract: The service life of a conventional free fluoride ion sensitive electrode can be improved by shielding the outer casing of the conventional electrode against contact with the liquid composition in which the free fluoride ions concentration is to be measured, particularly when the solution is a hot acid solution containing surfactants and/or oxidizing agents, such as is normally used for cleaning aluminum beverage containers or providing a protective surface treatment to aluminum surfaces.

Abstract: A pourable, aqueous cleaning composition containing:(a) at least 50% by weight of sodium bicarbonate having a mean particle size of about 200.+-.100 .mu.m;(b) from about 2 to 30% by weight of a surfactant mixture selected from alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, narrow-range alkyl polyglycol ethers and soap; and(c) the remainder, water.

Abstract: Amide compositions useful for softening textile materials, such as fabrics. A concentrate composed of the amide softener and an alkylpolyglycoside is diluted to provide a softening solution of low viscosity stable over extended periods, which on application to a fabric provide improved hand (softeners) and scorch resistance.

Abstract: Aqueous polyurethane dispersions prepared in several stages by reactingA) aliphatic and/or aromatic di- and/or tri-isocyanates withB1) polyol mixtures containing dimer diols of 25 to 100% by weight of dimer diols and 0 to 75% by weight of other hydrophobic diols and/or polyols, the equivalent ratio of OH to NCO being 1:1.1 to 1:4, and simultaneously or subsequently withB2) chain-extending agents containing two terminal NCO-reactive groups, the chain-extending agents additionally containing either artionic or cationic groups or groups convertible into anionic or cationic groups by neutralization, the equivalent ratio of NCO-reactive groups to NCO groups theoretically still present after the reaction of A) with B1) being 1:0.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions comprised of a major amount of water and a minor amount of a polymerizable compound based on N-acryloyl-piperazine are provided. Such compounds have the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl,B is a linking group selected from the group consisting of carbonyl, sulfonyl, amide, and carboxyl;n is one or zero;R.sup.4 is a radical selected from the group consisting of a higher aliphatic group (i.e. at least four carbon atoms, preferably from about 6 to about 50 carbon atoms), a substituted higher aliphatic group, an alicyclic group, a heterocyclic group, a non-benzenoid aromatic group, and a substituted aromatic group. These compounds can be used as an emulsifier in emulsion polymerization.

Abstract: An activator for cyanoacrylate adhesives based on N,N-dialkyl aniline derivatives is provided. The activators are characterized by a molecular weight of more than 200 and by at most 3 carbon atoms for both N,N-dialkyl substituents together. Also provided are methods of production and use of the activator and to the combination product of the activator and the cyanoacrylate adhesive.

Abstract: Alkyl glycosides are produced by direct synthesis from higher monofunctional alcohols and powder-form glycoses, particularly anhydrous glucose and/or glucose monohydrate, in the presence of acidic catalysts at elevated temperatures, the interior of the reactor being kept under reduced pressure and the glycose being introduced with delay into the alcohol reactants present in excess therein, the alcohol reactants containing the acidic catalyst and being heated to the reaction temperature, while water released in the reaction mixture is removed from the reaction zone via the gas phase. A partial stream is run off from the liquid reaction mixture and delivered to a premixing zone into which the powder-form reactant is simultaneously introduced and is converted with the liquid partial stream into a paste which is delivered to the interior of the reactor via a following intensive mixer.

Abstract: Compositions containing biologically active materials are readily formulated with polyhydroxy fatty acid amides as dispersants and/or wetting agents. The resultant compositions are environmentally acceptable in that they are readily biodegradable and easily applied to an agricultural substrate.

Abstract: A polyester is provided which facilitates the separation of blood into light and heavy phases via centrifugation in a blood collection vessel. The polyester is useful as a component of a partitioning composition formulated to have appropriate specific gravity to be positioned intermediate the light and heavy blood phases during centrifugation. A partitioning composition including a polyester of the invention provides a particular advantage in blood collection vessels due to its lighter and more consistent coloration. The polyester composition can be prepared with relative ease compared to prior art polyesters useful in blood partitioning compositions.

Abstract: An aqueous floor-care, self-shine emulsion composition having a pH of 5 to 9 containing a natural or synthetic wax and an alcohol selected from benzyl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, 2-phenoxyethanol and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Glycoside products having a propensity to discolor and/or to exhibit haze under aqueous alkaline or neutral pH conditions can be stabilized to substantially reduce the extent of discoloration and to essentially eliminate any haze which might also be present by adjusting the pH of an aqueous solution of the alkyl glycoside product to about 7 prior to treatment with a metal borohydride material which at the end of the reaction period is consumed resulting in a stabilized alkyl polyglycoside product which does not exhibit a haze in an aqueous solution at a pH of about 7.

Abstract: Process for the production of aqueous storable nonionic surfactants in which crystallization moderators selected from the group consisting ofa) alkyl glycosides based on short-chain primary alcohols,b) alkyl glycosides based on Guerget alcohols,c) glycosides based on polyols,d) short-chain primary alcohols,e) fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers,f) polyethylene glycols,g) glucose andh) iron(III) ionsare added to aqueous preparations containing alkyl and/or alkenyl glycosides corresponding to formula (I):R.sup.1 O--(G).sub.P (I)in which R.sup.1 is a linear alkyl and/or alkenyl radical containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar unit containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10.

Abstract: A continuous method of bleaching an alkylpolyglycoside, substantially free of alcohol, with peroxy compounds, preferably hydrogen peroxide, which is highly efficient to provide an unexpected high degree of color reduction from a dark brown to a light, white product, from an extinction coefficient color respectively of about 10 to about 15 to about 0.025 to about 0.15. The bleaching is carried out at controlled pH and temperature, under pressure preferably in the presence of Mg or MgO.

Abstract: The aliphatic primary alcohols are reacted with a glycose, more especially glucose, in the presence of an acidic catalyst in certain process steps so that particularly light-colored and alkali-stable alkyl glucosides are obtained after a subsequent, compulsory bleaching step, which represents an improvement over known direct synthesis processes. The process may be carried out both on a laboratory scale and also on an industrial production scale.

Abstract: A system automated for providing at least periodic removal of metal ions and contaminants from a chemical bath, consists of a microprocessor programmed for controlling fluid circuits of pumps and valves, for in one state of operation circulating a first predetermined quantity of the chemical bath from a first tank, through an ion exchange column, and back to the first tank; for in a second state of operation circulating deigned water from a second tank into the IEX column for displacing residual chemical bath therefrom for return to the first tank; for in a third state of operation circulating deigned water through the IEX column, and discharging the rinse water from a waste port; for in a fourth state of operation circulating regenerate acid through the ion exchange column, and discharging the used acid from a waste port; for in a fifth state of operation circulating deionized water through the IEX column for rinsing acid regenerate therefrom and discharging the same out of a waste port; and for in a sixth s

Abstract: Provided are polymers produced by the process of polymerizing monomers comprised of:(i) an aromatic monomer having the formula CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(R.sup.1)(R.sup.2) wherein R.sup.1 is an aromatic group having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 is hydrogen or methyl,(ii) a long-chain aliphatic monomer having the formula CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(C(O)OR.sup.3)(R.sup.4) wherein R.sup.3 is a fatty alkyl group having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and R.sup.4 is hydrogen or methyl,(iii) a hardening monomer having the formula CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(C(O)OR.sup.5)(R.sup.6) wherein R.sup.5 is a hardening alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R.sup.6 is hydrogen or methyl, and(iv) a plasticizing monomer having the formula CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(C(O)OR.sup.7)(R.sup.8) wherein R.sup.7 is a plasticizing alkyl group (preferably having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms) and R.sup.

Abstract: Described are moisture-curing alkoxysilane-terminated polyurethanes which can be obtained by reacting polyurethane prepolymers with a mean NCO functionality of at least 1 but less than 2 with special sulfur-free alkoxysilanes, reacting with substantially all the free NCO groups. Also described is the use of these compounds as sealing and/or adhesive compositions.

Abstract: The subject matter comprises shaped mixtures of valuable materials for the stimulation and cultivation of plant growth, said materials containing plant nutrients and/or plant-protective agents in admixture with a thermoplastic binder. According to the invention the mixtures of valuable materials, which mixtures have in particular been shaped as fertilizer rods, are characterized in that they contain, as the binder, a starch that has been thermomechanically digested at elevated pressures and temperatures.The invention further relates to the process for producing these multi-component mixtures and to the use of thermomechanically digested starch, optionally in admixture with inferior amounts of further biologically compatible binder components, as a biologically degradable binder for mixtures of valuable materials of the type described.