Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus for determining the degree of consistency of a feature in a region of an image that is divided into discrete picture elements, the feature being represented by vector valued signals, one for each picture element, the vector direction describing the feature class and the vector magnitude describing the certainty in the feature assertion. The invention is characterized by a first unit (4) for weighted summation of the vectors in the region after predetermined rotations thereof, a second unit (5) for weighted summation of the magnitudes of the vectors in the region, and a norming unit (6) for norming the output signal from the first summation unit with respect to the sum of the output signal from the second summation unit and a reference signal (FIG. 2).

Abstract: An apparatus for treating cellulose pulp having a consistency above the flowage limit provided with two shafts (1, 2) rotating in the same axial plane and each carrying working disks (8) the cylinders of rotation of which are in mutually intermeshing engagement in a working zone and which are driven within a housing (3) which conforms to the common cylinder-of-rotation space of the disks carried by the shafts and is provided with a pulp inlet (4) and a pulp outlet (5). The working disks are constituted of a number of radially directed disks in mutually co-operative positions for working of the pulp between opposed disk surfaces (11, 12), the pulp being fed from the inlet to the outlet with the aid of mutually co-operating feeding screw threads (9) carried by the shafts.

Abstract: The present invention briefly refers to a device and a method for analyzing samples of molten charges inside the charges themselves. An analyzing probe (1) comprising a body (4) of ceramic material with an inlet for molten charge is provided in a tube (5) of board or the like and forms a disposable probe. A cavity (2a) is provided in the ceramic body (4) and the inlet (3) has a notch or the like towards the cavity for receiving molten charge. An electrode (10) is positioned in the cavity (2a) and upon application of electric current via the electrode (10) and the molten charge a spark or a luminous arc is ignited between the electrode (10) and the portion of the sample of the molten charge adjacent the notch. A light-conducting body (8) is provided in the cavity adjacent the luminous arc or sparks for collecting light emitting therefrom.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating cellulose pulp having a consistency above the flowage limit, provided with two shafts (1, 2) rotating in the same axial plane and each carrying working disks (8) the cylinders of rotation of which are in mutually intermeshing engagement in a working zone and which are driven within a housing (3) which conforms to the common cylinder-of-rotation space of the disks carried by the shafts and is provided with a pulp inlet (4) and a pulp outlet (5). The working disks on the shafts (1, 2) are constituted of a number of radially directed disks (8) in mutually cooperative positions between the pulp inlet (4) and the pulp outlet (5) for working of the pulp between the opposed surfaces (11, 12) of mutually intermeshing disks (8) the pulp being moved from the inlet (4) to the outlet (5) by members positioned asymmetrically in relation to such opposed surfaces (11, 12) carried by the housing (3) or the disks (8).

Abstract: A hydrodynamic thrust bearing adapted for positioning between a fixed base and a moving member spaced from said fixed base, the moving member having a rigid flat face confronting the fixed base, wherein the hydrodynamic thrust bearing includes a thin metal disk having undulations extending radially outward from the center of the disk in a symmetrical manner throughout one entire surface of the metal disk, and a planar face on the other side, the disk is positioned between the fixed base and the rigid flat face of the moving member whereby the undulations of the disk are in contact with the rigid flat face and the planar face is in contact with the fixed base, lubricant is supplied between the disk undulation and the confronting rigid flat face of the moving member whereby thrust movement relative to the disk will produce a very thin film of lubricant between the undulations of the disk and the cooperating rigid flat face of the fixed base.

Abstract: The gas flow is ionized by its being caused to pass an emission electrode means (2) so that ions are formed and the polluant particles are given an electric charge. The particles are deposited by electrostatic attraction onto a combined collector electrode/heat exchanger surface (6), there also being generated a new aerosol by the gas flow being cooled as it passes said collector/heat exchanger surface, pollutants in the gas phase condensing onto the ions and electrically charged particles serving as condensation cores simultaneously as heat is recovered from the gas flow. The apparatus includes a heat exchanger (1) of the tube type, having a plurality of emission electrode means (2, 3, 4) inserted between groups of heat exchanger pipes. The collector electrode/heat exchanger surfaces on the pipes can be cleaned by a cleaning means (5) during operation of the apparatus, and in some applications the emission electrode means can also be automatically cleaned.

Abstract: A device for physiological pressure monitoring comprises a miniaturized pressure sensor element which is located near the tip of a guide, which in turn is inserted into a catheter. The guide and the catheter have sealing surfaces which can be brought into contact with each other by axial or rotary motion of the guide in relation to the catheter, whereby the sensor element becomes available for calibration from a pressure generator connected to the catheter.

Abstract: A cartridge assembly having a cylindrical body, with its forward end being packed down to form an annular flange, a hub fitted on the annular flange, a diaphragm seal positioned on the forward face of the annular flange and held in sealing position by the hub fitted on the annular flange, a piston slidably carried in the rearward portion of the body, a liquid medicament held in the body in the space between the diaphragm and the piston, the hub being made of transparent plastic material and having a first cylindrical portion having an internal diameter sized to fit over the annular flange of the cartridge, a second cylindrical portion extends from the first cylindrical portion and has a diameter less than the first cylindrical portion, a third cylindrical portion extends from the second cylindrical portion and has a diameter less than the second cylindrical portion, a fourth cylindrical portion extends from the third cylindrical portion and has a diameter less than the third cylindrical portion, the fourth cy

Abstract: A device for tissue sampling by thick needle punctuation including a needle assembly including a hollow first needle and second needle extending through the hollow first needle. The needle assembly is contained in a housing having an opening through which the needles extend. Compressed springs in the housing are caused to expand to urge the needles away from the housing during the sampling of tissue. A rod is provided extending from the housing to simultaneously place the springs in a compressed condition.

Abstract: The present invention briefly relates to a package box (11) for the liquid tight sealing of the contents, preferably a liquid, which box (11) is folded from a cardboard blank, the side of which facing inwardly in the package box (11) is coated with a thin layer of plastic. The closing flaps (12a, 13, 14, 15) extend each from its corresponding wall of the box (11) and are delimited from respective wall by a folding line (17). The longitudinal corner (19) of the box (11) between box bottom and lid is defined by two parallel folding lines (24, 25) and the recesses separating the flaps (12a, 13, 14, 15) terminate at a distance from the folding lines (17) of the flaps (12a, 13, 14, 15). The recesses preferably terminate in a section, the flange (23) of which is parallel to the folding lines (17) of the flaps (12a, 13, 14, 15) the length of such flange portion corresponding essentially to the distance between two parallel corner lines (24, 25).

Abstract: A hydrofoil blade and support for use in a paper making machine, and a method using a hydrofoil blade for dewatering and forming a paper web on a paper machine forming medium wherein a single phase fluid is formed in a gap between the hydrofoil blade and forming medium, and the gap is extended a sufficient distance in the machine direction to prevent expansion and corresponding cavitation of the single phase fluid in the gap.

Abstract: Equipment for closing conduits comprising a closing lid (1) having two circular disks with a peripheral sealing ring of resilient material. A tightening device connect the two disks at the center thereof causing during tightening to compress the sealing ring radially outwardly. The tightening device is of very stable construction conferring to the disks a parallel movement without mutual rotation. The equipment moreover comprises a mounting device (30) having three parts which are mobile in relation to each other, an attachment yoke (31), a main clamp (39) and a support plate (43). With the aid of a cog gear (40) and racks (42, 44) rotary movements are transformed into either a clamping movement between the closing lid (1) and the support plate (43) or a pulling movement between the closing lid (1) and the main clamp (39).

Abstract: A protective apron that covers the chest, belly and crutch area of the body of used by a butcher to protect against knife wounds. A hinge assembly on the apron that allows the butcher to bend forward without substantial restriction.

Abstract: Heat recovery from corrosive gases such as sulphurous flue gases and/or flue gases containing organic acids, said corrosive gases being conducted through a primary side of heat exchanger means (I-II) provided in a gas duct (1).Said heat exchanger means are provided with means for repeatedly applying, during normal operation of said heat exchanger means, a protective controllable thin layer to the surfaces of said heat exchanger means, at least whenever the temperature of said corrosive gases exceeds the water dew point, in order to protect said surfaces from corrosion.

Abstract: Load-inducing armature adapted to be assembled with layers of fiber-reinforced plastic matrix to form a laminated structural element, whereby the portion of the armature intended to be embedded between plastic matrix layers is provided with through-holes having larger opening width than depth. In a completed laminated structural element pegs consisting of or amalgamatable with the matrix material connect the embedding plastic matrix layers through the holes in the armature for the introduction of load via the armature to the structural element with both ends of each peg subject to shearing stress.

Abstract: A coolant supply apparatus, and cutting tool incorporating such apparatus, wherein during a cutting operation coolant is supplied from a coolant supply means through a coolant supply member which is spaced from a tool shank mounted supply ring. A valve is included for preventing leakage at the space between the coolant supply means and the supply ring when the coolant is being supplied.

Abstract: A hydrodynamic journal bearing including a rotary journal shaft which is circular in cross section, a journal bearing surrounding the journal shaft and having at least two arcuate bearing surfaces, each arcuate surface defined by a radius slightly greater than that of the journal shaft so that the journal shaft will be in lubricated contact with at least the mid portion of each arcuate bearing surface while the ends of each arcuate bearing will be spaced from the surface of the rotary journal shaft, and seals to assure that lubrication almost completely fills all spaces between the rotary journal shaft surface and that of the journal bearing surface.

Abstract: Apparatus for forming an opening, such as a window or door, in a concrete structure comprises a form and a device for removing the form from the formed structure. The form has operating members and tension bars for collapsing the sides of the form inwardly. The device comprises a stand having a pair of adjustable length beams carrying hydraulically actuated claw members at their ends for engaging the interior of the form.

Abstract: Quick-action attachment for working implements comprising a first coupling part disposed on the working implement or, for example, the operating arm of a working machine and having at least a pair of parallel, undercut, mutually facing surfaces, and comprising a second coupling part are disclosed. On the operating arm of the working machine or on the working implement and having a pair of parallel, bevelled, mutually outwardly facing surfaces are adapted to be brought into engagement with the undercut surfaces of the first coupling part.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved arrangement for transferring heavy workpieces from a transport or storage position to at least one machining position or reverse. According to the invention this is achieved by means of a pair of arms (13) which are telescoptically extendable for bridging the distance between the positions and by means of support apparatus (14, 15) which, in the fully or partly extended position for the arms (13), engage and support the arms adjacent their outer ends.