Abstract: This invention relates to a wear-parts system of teeth for earth-moving machine shovels, mounted at the front of the shovel and comprising several loosely interconnected parts such as tooth points (1), adapters or holders (2, 9), cutting edge protectors (11) etc. The interconnection of these parts is carried out by means of interacting male and female formed parts (15, 16, 19, 20 and 13, 14, 21, 22). The parts are locked in the assembled position by means of specially formed locking wedges (7) fitted at right angles to the assembly direction. Openings are provided in the various parts for the locking devices.

Abstract: In a device for achieving speed control of a cylinder piston in relation to the cylinder, or vice versa, flow control means (12, 32) are utilized, and also cam profiles (15, 16 and 26, 27). The flow control means are composed of two constant flow valves (30a, 30b and 31a, 31b) which determine the flow for one each of the directions of the piston or the cylinder. The cam profile means have a first cam profile (15 and 26, respectively) which is connected when the piston (6) or the cylinder (5) moves in its first direction, and a second cam profile (16 and 27, respectively) which is connected when the piston or cylinder moves in its second direction. The flow control valves are controlled mechanically by the respective cam profiles via its respective control input (12c', 12c") and determine a flow for the piston or cylinder which is dependent on the controlling but independent of the load on the piston or the cylinder.

Abstract: In a fire sprinkler system a plurality of physically distributed actuators are connected in a normally balanced bridge circuit. The bridge circuit is impressed with a pulsed measuring voltage thereacross to conserve power. LEDs are connected to the bridge for indicating either normal or unbalanced conditions of the bridge as well as indicating which actuator branch of the bridge is causing unbalance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electric igniter of the type which comprises two electrically conducting bodies (8, 9) separated by an electrically insulating body (10). The conductive and insulating bodies define a very smooth common end surface (13) with an interconnecting member (20) for electrically connecting the conductive bodies (8, 9). A pyrotechnic charge (14) is in contact with the interconnecting member (20 ) for ignition when said member is heated by flow of electric current therethrough. The interconnecting member (20) comprises at least one relatively thin metal layer (21, 22) which is bonded to said smooth end surface and a thin inert layer (23) applied directly on the metal layer (22). In addition to said layers the interconnecting member (20) also comprises a metal thin film layer (24) applied directly on the inert layer, the interconnecting member (20) being adjusted to its correct resistance value by means of oxidizing the metal layer (22) adjoining the inert layer (23).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for increasing the linearity of a servo system, for instance a gun servo. The servo system comprises an oscillator (6) having a fixed frequency for superimposing a so-called dither signal on the control signal of the servo system. The frequency of the dither signal is so chosen below, about or just above the upper frequency limit of the servo system. The linear effect produced by the dither signal results in a higher gain attained in the system even for very small signals.

Abstract: A loading pendulum is arranged at the rear of one side of a firearm suspended in an elevating mass. The loading pendulum has two arms which can be swung in the traversing direction of the firearm, the first ends of which are supported for co-ordinated driving by means of drive shafts (13, 14) which are parallel to each other and, when the pendulum adjusts itself to the angle of elevation or depression of the firearm extend at right angles to said traversing plane, and second ends support a loading tray (10) in supporting shafts (15, 16) also at right angles to the traversing plane when the pendulum adjusts itself to the angle of elevation or depression of the firearm.

Abstract: A device for automatic transfer of rounds of ammunition is utilized for a large-calibre firearm, for instance for ships or the like. The firearm comprises a magazine arranged on its elevating mass, and the firearm is set at a predetermined elevation at the loading of the magazine. Rounds are conveyed from an ammunition store via the underside of the mounting to the top of the mounting. A laterally displaceable cassette is arranged to receive rounds fed to it in an infeed position, and in an outfeed position to transfer rounds to the magazine when this has assumed the loading position. For the transfer of rounds from the cassette to the magazine of the firearm the potential energy of the rounds is utilized, so that no special transferring means working in the magazine need be utilized for this transfer.

Abstract: A stripper (5) is arranged at a breech ring of a large-calibre firearm. A ramming unit is arranged to insert a shell (11) and a charge (10) into the bore and chamber of the firearm during an insertion process. During the extraction process of the ramming unit which follows the insertion process the stripper goes into coaction with the bag charge and retains this in the chamber position. The stripper coacts with blocking means which during at least part of the insertion process prevent the stripper from being turned out. At a predetermined insertion position the ramming unit (12) achieves a releasing of the blocking means and at the releasing of the latter the stripper is released and can assume a turned-out position. The stripper is actuated to the turned-in position by means of a closing mechanism, and during this actuation the blocking means are prepared to again retain the stripper in the turned-in position at a renewed ramming.

Abstract: A loading table including a stable frame with a flat depositing plane (13) for shells (14) lying beside each other and feeding means for removing the shells, one at a time, from the plane, through lateral displacement. The feeding means utilize holding trough segments arranged in an endless chain with two stories of which the upper story comes into connection with the depositing plane. The segments are fastened in the links (16) of two drive chains which by means of the step drive mechanism can be actuated so that at a certain actuation of the step drive mechanism, holding troughs (15) for the shells, which can be composed of holding trough segments in the upper story, are moved forwards one spacing distance.

Abstract: A combat vehicle, for instance in the form of a tank, comprises a large-caliber firearm of 100 mm or more. The firearm is provided with an automatic loading device for separate-loading ammunition. Outside of the combat vehicle a magazine is arranged for holding charges, and inside the vehicle a crew position is permitting vision around the horizon. The vehicle is moreover made with a small frontal area.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for increasing the tracking accuracy of an aiming system for a gun or the like which includes a gun servo. The gun servo comprises a special stabilizing and accuracy-increasing network (20) which comprises one or a plurality of integrating second-degree filters (25) the transmission functions (G.sub.R) of which have such a form that the amplitude as a function of the frequency has a maximum near the expected frequency of the base movements of the gun and/or the movement of the target, which makes it possible to have a high system gain around and below said frequency.

Abstract: A lifting device is used for live or practice ammunition, for which the device comprises a number of gripping elements. The gripping elements are made with a number of elements extending from the frame of the lifting device. The elements form pairs of elements that can be allotted each to its shell during the lifting. The elements are rotatably supported around their longitudinal axes in the frame and at their free ends have widened sections extending in one direction. The elements are rotatable to first rotation positions where the respective pair of elements from the side can be moved over a round of ammunition. In second rotation positions the respective pair of elements encloses its shell with the aid of the widened sections and secures the shell against movement in the transversal direction.

Abstract: A rammer car has a rammer head which is movably supported in the transversal direction. The rammer car is composed of two units which are arranged to carry out a longitudinal displacement movement between the units in the riding direction of the rammer car. The rammer head is fastened in the first unit and the latter is arranged to be forced by the second unit to carry out a turning movement during the longitudinal displacement movement between the units, during which the rammer head follows the first unit and therewith carries out its turning movement in the transversal direction. After said longitudinal displacement movements the units are co-ordinated for a longitudinal displacement movement together in the longitudinal displacement direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a binocular night telescope of the type which comprises a large aperture objective (1), a light amplifier tube (2) for amplifying the image projected by said large aperture objective and a viewing microscope which comprises telescope objectives (9, 10) and oculars (11, 12) as well as a collimating objective (6) for focusing the amplified image at infinity for an observer. The viewing microscope also comprises prisms or mirrors for erecting the image vertically as well as in side. At least a part of the prisms (7, 8) for erecting the image in side are axially displaced so that they are located at the side of, above or below the light amplifier tube (2) depending on the orientation of the microscope. This means that the entire instrument is shorter and the center of gravity is moved forwards.

Abstract: A method of producing pressed rocket propellant with good flash suppression and a high burning velocity, i.e. containing optimal quantities of flash reducing agent and catalysts. The meethod is characterized by the entire quantity of flash reducing agent required in order to achieve the result desired being mixed into a separate quantity of propellant while the entire quantity of catalysts required in order to achieve the result desired is mixed into the remaining quantity of propellant, after which these propellants containing either flash reducing agent or catalysts are converted into an appropriate form and mixed in layers or in its entirety and thereafter pressed into the form desired. In the body of propellant obtained, the flash reducing agent and catalysts will be separated, and will not interfere with each other's function.

Abstract: A loading tray (3) used for a loading unit (4) which can be swung in from the side from a feeding position for an ammunition unit, (6) to a swung-in position in the extension of the axis of the bore (2) of a firearm (1). The loading tray receives the ammunition unit fed in from the side, and supports the ammunition unit during the swinging-in process, and permits longitudinal displacement out of the loading tray by means of a rammer (8). The loading tray has an elongate element (16) which having received the ammunition unit extends above and along the ammunition unit. The element can spring away to the side temporarily in connection with the rolling of the ammunition unit. The element (16) is comprised in the holding function for the ammunition unit under the swinging-in process, and serves as a rearing guard during ramming of the ammunition unit.

Abstract: A breech ring (1) in a firearm, which can be closed and opened with a screw mechanism which comprises a screw (4). The breech ring has conical threads (5) which can coact with corresponding threads on the screw. The threads of both the breech ring and the screw have sectors without threads, arranged so that the screw can be inserted into its final longitudinal displacement position and thereafter turned into coaction with the threads of the breech ring for securing of the screw in the breech ring. In the sectors without threads there are arranged counter-holding plate springs (11a, 11b, and 11c) which in coaction with a stripper achieve a counter-holding and centering function for a bag charge (18) or the like, which has been inserted into the firearm by a ramming unit behind a shell or the like, the position of which in the longitudinal direction is thereafter adjusted during the extraction of the ramming unit from the chamber of the firearm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electric connector member to supply electrical energy into an electric igniter of the type which includes a priming charge ignitable by heat generated when feeding an electric current through the resistive element of the igniter and which igniter must be protected against accidental ignition caused by electromagnetic or static electricity which may enter into the igniter through the feed wires. Instead of providing the igniter itself with a high frequency filter, which requires a large space, the connector member is provided with such a filter (16, 17). This makes it possible to reduce the outer dimensions of the igniter to a great extent with the protection against accidental ignition maintained. Further the need to provide each of the igniters with a specific high frequency filter, designed for the expected interference condition in the actual application, does no more exist.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method used for manufacturing projectiles or other ammunition units such as artillery shells, and specifically to fastening a driving band (10) and/or a pipe cap (13) to the projectile body (1). In order to obtain a strong joint between the driving band (10) and the projectile body (1) as well as a simple manufacturing method the driving band (10) with the pipe cap (13) are fastened to the rear part of the projectile body (1) simultaneously, i.e. in the one and same working operation, by means of explosive cladding. The driving band and pipe cap material (7) formed as a "cup" is disposed on the rear part of the projectile body after which detonating explosive (8) with a very high pressure joins the material (7) to the outer surface of the projectile body. The clad material is then machined to form the driving band (10), circumferential grooves (14, 15) and the pipe cap (13) into their desired dimensions.

Abstract: A ramming unit comprises a tooth (5) which is placed at the front parts of the unit. The tooth is arranged so that it can be raised and lowered, and in its raised position the rear side (5a) of the tooth coacts with a shell (2) or the like when this is rammed in a firearm by means of the ramming unit. In its lowered position the tooth permits the passage of a bag charge (4) or the like which is to be placed behind the shell in the bore of the barrel. The tooth and the other parts are made with force relieving means which transfer substantial parts of the forces arising on the tooth in connection with the ramming direct to said other parts of the ramming unit, and not via the supporting means of the tooth.