Abstract: A polishing pad has a polishing layer with a polishing surface and a first registration mark, and a backing layer connected to the polishing layer and having a second registration mark aligned with the first registration mark. The polishing pad may have a window that includes an aperture in the backing layer aligned with a solid transparent portion in the polishing layer.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention generally provide compositions of tantalum carbide nitride materials. In one embodiment, a composition of a tantalum carbide nitride material is provided which includes the chemical formula of TaCxNy, wherein x is within a range from about 0.20 to about 0.50 and y is within a range from about 0.20 to about 0.55, an interstitial/elemental carbon atomic ratio of about 2 or greater, and a crystalline structure. In some examples, the composition provides that x is within a range from about 0.25 to about 0.40, preferably, from about 0.30 to about 0.40, and y is within a range from about 0.30 to about 0.50, preferably, from about 0.35 to about 0.50. The interstitial/elemental carbon atomic ratio may be about 3, about 4, or greater. The composition further may have a sheet resistance within a range from about 1×104 ?/sq to about 1×106 ?/sq.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating gas for a processing system is provided. In one embodiment, an apparatus for generating gas for a processing system includes a canister having at least one baffle disposed between two ports and containing a precursor material. The precursor material is adapted to produce a gas vapor when heated to a defined temperature at a defined pressure. The baffle forces a carrier gas to travel an extended mean path between the inlet and outlet ports. In another embodiment, an apparatus for generating gas includes a canister having a tube that directs a carrier gas flowing into the canister away from a precursor material disposed within the canister.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention generally provide a method and apparatus for processing a substrate in an electrochemical mechanical planarizing system. In one embodiment, a cell for polishing a substrate includes a processing pad disposed on a top surface of a platen assembly. A plurality of conductive elements are arranged in a spaced-apart relation across the upper planarizing surface and adapted to bias the substrate relative to an electrode disposed between the pad and the platen assembly. A plurality of passages are formed through the platen assembly between the top surface and a plenum defined within the platen assembly. In another embodiment, a system is provided having a bulk processing cell and a residual processing cell. The residual processing cell includes a biased conductive planarizing surface. In further embodiments, the conductive element is protected from attack by process chemistries.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to methods of depositing low wet etch rate silicon nitride films on substrates using high-density plasma chemical vapor deposition techniques at substrate temperatures below 600° C. The method additionally involves the maintenance of a relatively high ratio of nitrogen to silicon in the plasma and a low process pressure.

Abstract: A memory cell comprises a p-doped substrate with a pair of spaced apart n-doped regions on the substrate that form a source and drain about the channel. A stack of layers on the channel comprises, in sequence, (i) a tunnel oxide layer, (ii) a floating gate, (iii) an inter-gate dielectric, and (iv) a control gate. A polysilicon layer is on the source and drain. A cover layer covering the stack of layers comprises a spacer layer and a pre-metal-deposition layer. Optionally, contacts are used to contact each of the source, drain, and silicide layers, and each have exposed portions. A shallow isolation trench is provided about n-doped regions, the trench comprising a stressed silicon oxide layer having a tensile stress of at least about 200 MPa. The stressed layer reduces leakage of charge held in the floating gate during operation of the memory cell.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for forming a tungsten material on a substrate surface is provide which includes positioning a substrate within a deposition chamber, heating the substrate to a deposition temperature, and exposing the substrate sequentially to diborane and a tungsten precursor gas to form a tungsten nucleation layer on the substrate during an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process. The method further provides exposing the substrate to a deposition gas comprising hydrogen gas and the tungsten precursor gas to form a tungsten bulk layer over the tungsten nucleation layer during a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. Examples are provided which include ALD and CVD processes that may be conducted in the same deposition chamber or in different deposition chambers.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, systems, and apparatus for epitaxial film formation that includes an epitaxial chamber adapted to form an epitaxial layer on a substrate; a deposition gas manifold adapted to supply at least one deposition gas and a carrier gas to the epitaxial chamber; and an etchant gas manifold, separate from the deposition gas manifold, and adapted to supply at least one etchant gas and a carrier gas to the epitaxial chamber. Numerous other aspects are disclosed.

Abstract: A deposition method for releasing a stress buildup of a feature over a semiconductor substrate with dielectric material is provided. The feature includes lines separated by a gap. The method includes forming a liner layer over the feature on the semiconductor substrate in a chamber. A stress of the liner layer over the feature is released to substantially reduce bending of the lines of the feature. A dielectric film is deposited over the stress-released liner layer to substantially fill the gap of the feature.

Abstract: A method of processing a workpiece in the chamber of a plasma reactor includes capacitively coupling plasma source power using a ceiling gas distribution plate as the electrode while inductively coupling plasma source power through the ceiling gas distribution plate, and flowing process gas through the gas distribution plate from a gas input to plural gas injection orifices, distributing the gas flow within the gas distribution plate through a succession of arcuate paths joined at respective junctions, dividing gas flow at each junction from a first respective one of said gas flow paths into a respective pair of said gas flow paths in opposite gas flow directions, and restricting the arcuate length of each of the arcuate paths to less than half-circles.

Abstract: A gaseous mixture is deposited onto a substrate surface using a showerhead. A first plenum of the showerhead has a plurality of channels fluidicly coupled with an interior of a processing chamber. A second plenum gas flows through a plurality of tubes extending from a second plenum of the showerhead through the channels into the interior of the processing chamber. The diameter of the tubes is smaller than the diameter of the channels such that a first plenum gas flows into the interior of the processing chamber through a space defined between the outer surface of the tubes and the surface of the channels. The length and diameter of the tubes determine the level of distribution and the molar ratio of the first gas and the second gas in the gaseous mixture that is deposited on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A method of filling a gap defined by adjacent raised features on a substrate includes providing a flow of a silicon-containing processing gas to a chamber housing the substrate and providing a flow of an oxidizing gas to the chamber. The method also includes varying over time a ratio of the (silicon-containing processing gas):(oxidizing gas). The method also includes exposing the substrate to nitrous oxide at a temperature less than about 900° C. to anneal the deposited film.

Abstract: A dynamic surface anneal apparatus for annealing a semiconductor workpiece has a workpiece support for supporting a workpiece, an optical source and scanning apparatus for scanning the optical source and the workpiece support relative to one another along a fast axis. The optical source includes an array of laser emitters arranged generally in successive rows of the emitters, the rows being transverse to the fast axis. Plural collimating lenslets overlie respective ones of the rows of emitters and provide collimation along the fast axis. The selected lenslets have one or a succession of optical deflection angles corresponding to beam deflections along the fast axis for respective rows of emitters. Optics focus light from the array of laser emitters onto a surface of the workpiece to form a succession of line beams transverse to the fast axis spaced along the fast axis in accordance with the succession of deflection angles.

Abstract: A lift mechanism for and a corresponding use of a magnetron in a plasma sputter reactor. A magnetron rotating about the target axis is controllably lifted away from the back of the target to compensate for sputter erosion, thereby maintaining a constant magnetic field and resultant plasma density at the sputtered surface, which is particularly important for stable operation with a small magnetron, for example, one executing circular or planetary motion about the target axis. The lift mechanism can include a lead screw axially fixed to the magnetron support shaft and a lead nut engaged therewith to raise the magnetron as the lead nut is turned. Alternatively, the support shaft is axially fixed to a vertically moving slider. The amount of lift may be controlled according a recipe based on accumulated power applied to the target or by monitoring electrical characteristics of the target.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a method of forming a zinc oxide based thin film transistor by blanket depositing the zinc oxide layer and the source-drain metal layer and then wet etching through the zinc oxide while etching through the source-drain electrode layer. Thereafter, the active channel is formed by dry etching the source-drain electrode layer without effectively etching the zinc oxide layer.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present invention generally relate to a plasma reactor. In one embodiment, a plasma reactor includes a substrate support is disposed in a vacuum chamber body and coupled to bias power generator. An RF electrode is disposed above the substrate support and coupled to a very high frequency power generator. A conductive annular ring is disposed on the substrate support and has a lower outer wall, an upper outer wall and an inner wall. A step is extends upward and outward from a lower outer wall and inward and downward from the upper outer wall. The inner wall disposed opposite the upper and lower outer wall. In other embodiments, the annular ring may be fabricated from a conductive material, such as silicon carbide and aluminum.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a substrate support is provided herein. In one embodiment, the substrate support includes a body having a support surface and at least one groove. A heater element surrounded with a malleable heat sink is disposed in the groove. The heat sink may be comprised of one or more parts. A cap is disposed in the groove above the heat sink and has an upper surface disposed substantially flush with the support surface.

Abstract: In a plasma reactor, RF bias power is applied from an RF bias power generator to a disk-shaped electrode underlying and insulated from a workpiece and having a circumferential edge underlying a circumferential edge of the workpiece. The RF bias power is sufficient to produce a high RF bias voltage on the workpiece on the order of 0.5-20 kV. Non-uniformity in distribution of plasma across the workpiece is reduced by providing a curvature in a peripheral edge annulus of said electrode whereby the peripheral annulus slopes away from the workpiece support surface. The peripheral edge annulus corresponds to a small fraction of an area of said electrode. The remainder of the electrode encircled by the peripheral annulus has a flat shape.

Abstract: In a semiconductor fabrication facility, a conveyor transports substrate carriers. The substrate carriers are unloaded from the conveyor and loaded onto the conveyor without stopping the conveyor. A load and/or unload mechanism lifts the substrate carriers from the conveyor during unloading operations, while matching the horizontal speed of the conveyor. Similarly, during loading operations, the load/unload mechanism lowers a substrate carrier into engagement with the conveyor while matching the horizontal speed of the conveyor. Individual substrates, without carriers, may be similarly loaded and/or unloaded from a conveyor.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to methods and apparatus for rapid thermal processing of a substrate over an extended temperature range, including low temperatures. Systems and methods for using an extended temperature pyrometry system employing a transmitted radiation detector system are disclosed. Systems combining transmitted radiation detector systems and emitted radiation detector systems are also described.