Abstract: A process for the preparation of amines by reacting an olefin with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine at a temperature of from 200 to 350.degree. C. and a pressure of from 100 to 300 bar in the presence of at least one zeolite having the specific structure type PSH-3, MCM-22 or SSZ-25, as identified by X-ray diffractogram, or mixtures of these zeolites. These specific catalysts are broadly identified as alumina zeolites and may be modified by ion exchange, doping with other metals, by dealumination to remove or replace the alumina content and by other well known after treatments such as calcination, acid-treatment and the like. Monoolefins are preferred reactants but di- and polyolefins also can be reacted with relatively high selectivity and less tendency toward polymerization.

Abstract: The process for preparing an N-acylaminocarboxylic or N-acylaminosulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof from an alkali metal aminocarboxylate or aminosulfonate and a carboxylic glyceride comprises(a) preparing a suspension of the solid anhydrous alkali metal aminocarboxylate or aminosulfonate in the carboxylic glyceride,(b) adding a strong base to the suspension to form an alkali metal N-acylaminocarboxylate or N-acylaminosulfonate, and(c) if desired, preparing the free N-acylaminocarboxylic or N-acylaminosulfonic acid therefrom in a conventional manner by adding an acid.

Abstract: An aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic hair-cosmetic formulation comprising as film former copolymers based on (meth)acrylate which have a K value of 20-150 are obtainable by free-radical polymerization of(a) 40-65% by weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid,(b) 14-60% by weight of alkyl (meth)acrylate, and(c) 0-50% by weight of a further free-radically polymerizable monomer or a mixture thereof;20-100% of the carboxyl groups of the copolymer being neutralized.

Abstract: An aqueous polymer dispersion, comprising an at least 20% neutralized, free-radical polymerized product of A and B in a ratio of one part A to from 0.5 to 9.0 parts B by weight; whereinA consists essentially of from 2.5 to 13% by weight of at least one acid group-containing, ethyleneically unsaturated monomer and from 87 to 97.5% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer that is free from acid groups, and further whereinB is a reaction product of at least one compound containing at least 1.5 epoxide groups per molecule on average and at least one member of the group consisting of:(1) mixtures of ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, saturated fatty acids, and monoesters of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and saturated fatty alcohols; and (2) mixtures of saturated fatty acids and monoesters of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and saturated fatty alcohol.

Abstract: Liquid mixtures which contain (meth)acrylic acid as the main component are continuously separated in a distillation apparatus which comprises a still, a condenser and a connection between still and condenser and to which the liquid mixture to be separated is continuously fed, by a process in which the energy required for evaporation of the liquid mixture is supplied to the distillation apparatus by a procedure in which a part of the liquid content of the still is continuously removed, superheated and recycled to the still.

Abstract: To compensate the bypassing, at the edges, of the liquid flowing downward in a distillation column, in order to achieve optimum mass transfer with the ascending vapor, a specific nonuniform distribution of the liquid trickling density over the column cross-section is established including the steps of establishing a nonuniform distribution of the liquid trickling density over the column cross-section in the distillation column and adjusting the liquid trickling density in the wall regions, said nonuniform distribution being achieved bya) arranging a number of outlet orifices or the diameter of the outlet orifices of a liquid distributor orb) arranging baffles in the stripping sections at height intervals from 0.1 to 2 m, in the case of dumped packings with baffles which project into the column space from the wall by about from 0.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for the production of covered tablets by melt calendering in which the melt containing active ingredient is introduced between two sheets of the covering material into the molding rolls.

Abstract: Finely dispersed carotenoid or retinoid suspensions are prepared by dissolving the carotenoid or retinoid in a volatile, water-miscible organic solvent at 50.degree. C.-250.degree. C., where appropriate under elevated pressure, within less than 10 sec and immediately thereafter mixing the solution with an aqueous medium at from 0 to 90.degree. C., wherein the mixing with the aqueous medium takes place in the absence of a protective colloid and in the presence of at least one physiologically tolerated emulsifier.

Abstract: In a process for preparing olefinically unsaturated compounds such as styrene by oxidative dehydrogenation of corresponding hydrocarbons using a previously oxidized oxygen transferer acting as catalyst in the absence of molecular oxygen and reoxidation of the oxygen transferer in at least two reactors, the dehydrogenation and regeneration takes place alternately in time in the two reactors and the reactors are connected to one another in terms of heat via heat exchangers and a common circuit for heat transfer medium.

Abstract: In a process for preparing alkylamines by reacting amines and aliphatic aldehydes in the presence of free hydrogen on a fixed bed catalyst in a reactor in which amines and aldehydes are mixed in the catalyst bed after being fed in in separate streams, only the aldehyde stream or only the amine stream is preheated during the feeding in.

Abstract: In a process for preparing polyether polyols containing aromatics by molecular addition of alkylene oxides to H-functional initiators at from 70.degree. C. to 135.degree. C. and pressures of from 0.1 MPa to 1.0 MPa, the alkoxylation is carried out using at least one initiator comprising at least 95% by weight of 2,3 and 3,4 isomers of tolylenediamine, from 0.5 to 4% by weight of 2,4 and 2,6 isomers of tolylenediamine and from 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of more volatile fractions from tolylenediamine production. The polyether polyols prepared by this process can be used as component of a polyol mixture for producing rigid polyurethane foams.

Abstract: In a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams having improved heat distortion resistance and reduced thermal conductivity by reactinga) polyisocyanates withb) compounds containing hydrogen atoms reactive toward isocyanates, in the presence ofc) water, and, if desired,d) physically acting blowing agents ande) catalysts and known auxiliaries and/or additives, the compounds b) containing hydrogen atoms reactive toward isocyanates are a polyol mixture comprisingb1) a polyol which can be prepared by addition of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide onto a hexitol or a hexitol mixture, with the total hexitol content of the polyol mixture being from 15 to 30% by weight, based on the polyol mixture, andb2) a polyol which can be prepared by addition of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide onto one or more aromatic amines, with the total amine content of the polyol mixture being from 1 to 10% by weight, based on the polyol mixture, and the amount of the polyol mixture in the component b) is from 60 to 100 parts

Abstract: A process for preparing amines of the general formula (I)X(--CH.sub.2 --NR.sup.1 R.sup.2).sub.n (I)whereR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are preferably methyl, X is preferably 1,4-butylene and n is preferably 2, comprises reacting nitriles of the general formula (II)(R.sup.1 R.sup.2 N--CH.sub.2 --).sub.n-m X(--CN).sub.m (II)where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and X are each as defined above and m is an integer from 1 to n,with secondary amines of the general formula (III)HNR.sup.1 R.sup.2 (III)where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each as defined above,and hydrogen at from 50 to 250.degree. C. and from 5 to 350 bar in the presence of a palladium catalyst comprising, based on the total weight of the catalyst, from 0.1 to 10% by weight of Pd and from 0.01 to 10% by weight of at least one further metal selected from groups IB and VII of the Periodic Table, cerium and lanthanum on a support.

Abstract: Polyurethanes are recycled by comminution to particle sizes of from 0.01 to 2 mm and addition to the polyaddition mixture for preparing polyurethanes from(a) polyisocyanates,(b) substances reactive toward isocyanates and having active hydrogens, and, if desired,(c) chain extenders and/or crosslinkers, catalysts, blowing agents and customary additivesin an amount of from 0.1 to 40% by weight, based on the poly-addition mixture.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions containing a polyurethane which contains less than 0.6% by weight, based on the polyurethane, of urea groups ##STR1## are used as adhesives.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of n-butyraldehyde and/or n-butanol, in whicha) 1,3-butadiene is caused to react with an amine of the formula IR.sup.1 R.sup.2 NH, Iin which R.sup.1 and R.sup.

Abstract: Articles made from melamine fibers and aramid fibers are dyed at selected conditions and with selected dyes such that the aramid fiber is dyed but the melamine fiber is not.

Abstract: A process for preparing amine salts of 4-nitrotoluene-2-sulfonic acid by sulfonation of nitrotoluene with oleum, subsequent dilution of the reaction mixture with water and extraction with lipophilic amines, wherein the acidic aqueous solution of the sulfonation product is partially neutralized with mineral bases.The compounds prepared according to the invention are particularly suitable for preparing dyes.

Abstract: A process for the purification of tertiary phosphine oxides obtained in a Wittig synthesis as a contaminated by product resulting from the reaction of the corresponding tertiary phosphines, especially triphenylphosphine. The contaminated tertiary phosphine oxides coming from this Wittig synthesis have the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 denote C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.5 -G.sub.8 cycloalkyl, aryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 aralkyl, or C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 alkylaryl. The contaminated phosphine oxide I or phosphine oxide I-containing mixtures, optionally in an inert solvent, are first caused to react with an inorganic or organic acid at temperatures of from 0.degree. to 150.degree. C. to form a crystallized acid salt. The resulting salt crystals are then treated in a purifying step with water or an inorganic base or an organic base to again form the tertiary phosphine oxide.

Abstract: A process for preparing unsaturated nitriles of the formula I ##STR1## where R, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently of one another alkyl or alkenyl each having 1-20 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl each having 3-12 carbon atoms and any two of the radicals R, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be part of a saturated or unsaturated ring and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may also be hydrogen and n is 0 or 1-20, by dehydration of oximes of the formula II ##STR2## where R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and n are as defined above, comprises dehydrating in the gas or liquid phase at from 150.degree. to 300.degree. C. over a heterogeneous catalyst consisting of an oxidic, carbidic or nitridic support doped with basic oxides and/or hydroxides or compounds which are converted into said oxides or hydroxides under the reaction conditions, or of said basic oxides.