Abstract: The invention relates to a method to regulate and/or calibrate a mixing valve, in particular in a cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine, with which a volume flow can be separated into two partial flows as a function of controlled quantity, whereby the separating ratio of the mixing valve is determined by comparing a target quantity with an actual measured quantity. It is planned that a correction value that is computed during operation is taken into consideration in calculating the separating ratio or mixing ratio (MR). In addition, the invention relates to a corresponding regulating device to regulate and/or calibrate a mixing valve. In this case, it is planned that a correction value that is computed during operation can be taken into consideration in calculating the separating ratio.

Abstract: A method for detecting a malfunction of a sensor measuring a measured quantity is provided, in which a signal-range check for the output signal of the sensor is performed, provided that the measured quantity is within a permissible range. If the measured quantity is outside the permissible range, no signal-range check is performed, but the output signal is used for detecting the measured quantity and for further calculations. The sensor may be, for example, a hot-film air-mass meter. If this is the case, the measured quantity is the drawn-in air mass, and the signal-range check is performed, provided that the engine operating state and thus the drawn-in air satisfies specifiable conditions. In addition to the signal-range check, onboard diagnoses with regard to specifiable plausibility criteria relating to the offset-drift and/or the sensitivity-drift of the sensor may also be performed.

Abstract: A pneumatic brake booster comprising an envelope of longitudinal axis formed of a dish having a rim and a lid. The envelope defines an interior volume that is divided into a variable-pressure work chamber and a low-pressure chamber by a skirt. The skirt is mounted to sealingly slide along the longitudinal axis of the envelope. The skirt has a central orifice with a pneumatic piston sealingly mounted therein. The sealing between the variable-pressure work chamber and the low-pressure chamber is achieved by a first sealing member arranged between a radially internal first end of the skid and a radially external end of the piston and a second sealing member arranged at a radially external second end of the skid and an internal surface of the rim. The skid provides sealing between the radially external first end of the skirt and the radially internal second end of the skirt.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element for actuating a mechanical component, is proposed in which, with a multilayer structure of piezoelectric layers, the inner electrodes disposed between them can be subjected to an electrical voltage. Since the piezoelectric layers with the inner electrodes function like capacitors, a shunting resistor for a requisite electrical discharge is formed, preferably in the head or foot part, by forming resistor tracks out of a resistor layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for variable control of the gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine, of which at least one gas exchange valve is triggered by a cam of a camshaft, which cam has a cam contour with a circular portion of the cam bottom and a cam apex portion. For variably adjusting the cam contour, a pressure-fluid-actuated piston guided by the cam and retractable and extensible radially continuously, is provided which on its end forms at least a part of the cam apex portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a valve for controlling fluids, in particular a fuel injection valve, which has a valve member (3) disposed in a housing (11) for opening or closing a communication with a downstream chamber (18). An actuating element (2) is provided for actuating the valve member (3). The valve member (3) is prestressed in a prestressing direction by means of a prestressing element (10). The valve member (3) is also in communication with a sensor element (9), for picking up pressure information from the chamber (18) downstream of the valve member. The sensor element (9) can be provided as a separate component, or in an especially preferred embodiment, the actuating element is simultaneously used as the sensor element as well.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method and an arrangement for controlling the charging pressure of an exhaust-gas turbocharger (1) wherein a charging pressure actual value (pvdkds) is tracked to a charging pressure desired value (plsoll). The charging pressure of the exhaust-gas turbocharger (1) is controlled in dependence upon a characteristic variable of an electric auxiliary charger (5). The electric auxiliary charger (5) coacts with the exhaust-gas turbocharger (1) for compressing the inducted air. In this way, an unnecessary opening of a bypass valve of the exhaust-gas turbocharger (1) is avoided.

Abstract: The invention is based on an electrical machine with a rotatable brush plate (10, 12), which is held in its end positions by means of at least one holding mechanism (16, 18) that acts in the circumference direction (14). The invention proposes that the holding mechanism (16, 18) have at least one device (20, 22) that loads the brush plate (10, 12) in the circumference direction (14).

Abstract: In a method and a control system for acoustical function control in a motor vehicle using a speech input system that receives a spoken command and converts it into corresponding control signals, the system is activated by an operating element that is actuated manually and, upon being actuated, outputs to an operating person an indication of its readiness to receive a voice command. The indication is effected by a mechanical deflection from a preestablished position of the operating element, or a part thereof, so as to directly influence the tactile sense of the operating hand of the operating person.

Abstract: An electrically heatable glow plug and a method for manufacturing an electrically heatable glow plug are proposed that enable a protection of a heating coil of the glow plug against nitridation and evaporation of the aluminum from the heating conductor alloy. The glow plug includes a glow tube that is closed at the end, into which the electrically conductive heating coil is inserted, the heating coil being formed at least partially of aluminum, in particular of an aluminun-iron-chromium alloy. In the glow tube, oxygen donors are provided in order to form an aluminum oxide layer on the surface of the heating coil before or during the heating of the heating coil.

Abstract: A valve for controlling fluids, which has a plurality of components that are disposed in succession in the axial direction of the valve. On at least one of the components, a male thread is embodied in order to enter into engagement with a female thread of a lock nut. The lock nut serves to brace the components of the valve. A sealing element is disposed between the female thread of the lock nut and the male thread of the component.

Abstract: There are many inventions described and illustrated herein. In one aspect, there is described a thin film or wafer encapsulated MEMS, and technique of fabricating or manufacturing a thin film or wafer encapsulated MEMS employing anti-stiction techniques. In one embodiment, after encapsulation of the MEMS, an anti-stiction channel is formed thereby providing “access” to the chamber containing some or all of the active members or electrodes of the mechanical structures. Thereafter, an anti-stiction fluid (for example, gas or gas-vapor) is introduced into the chamber via the anti-stiction channel. The anti-stiction fluid may deposit on one, some or all of the active members of the mechanical structures thereby providing an anti-stiction layer (for example, a monolayer coating or self-assembled monolayer) and/or out-gassing molecules on such members or electrodes. After introduction and/or application of the anti-stiction fluid, the anti-stiction channel may be sealed, capped, plugged and/or closed.

Abstract: A fuel injection device includes a housing with an injection end and a recess extending in the housing. An axially movable valve element disposed in the recess cooperates with a valve seat, which axially defines a control chamber. A sleeve part radially defines the control chamber. A device presses the sleeve part against a first housing portion and the valve element in the direction of the injection end, and includes separate prestressing devices acting one upon the valve element and the other upon the sleeve part.

Abstract: A method for making a pressure sensor by providing a wafer including a base silicon layer, a buried sacrificial layer, and a top silicon layer. The top silicon layer is arranged over the buried sacrificial layer and the buried sacrificial layer is arranged over the base silicon layer. Etching vents through the top silicon layer to the buried sacrificial layer and removing a portion of the buried sacrificial layer. Depositing silicon to seal the vents and arranging a strain gauge or a capacitance contact on the wafer. A method for making a pressure sensor including providing a bulk wafer and depositing a sacrificial layer on the bulk wafer. Depositing silicon on the sacrificial layer and the bulk wafer to form an encapsulation layer. Etching vents through the encapsulation layer to the sacrificial layer and removing the sacrificial layer. Closing the vents with a silicon deposition and arranging a strain gauge or a capacitance contact on the encapsulation layer.

Abstract: A micromechanical switch having a mass, a first spring element, and a contact element is provided. The mass contacts the contact element if a specified degree of displacement of the first spring element is exceeded.

Abstract: In order to facilitate assembly and disassembly of a vehicle, the invention provides a method of assembling and disassembly a drum brake (1). In this assembly and disassembly method, the operating spacing of two brake shoes (4 and 5) inside a drum brake (3) is pre-adjusted. The invention makes it possible for the drum brake (1) to be delivered with the brake shoes (4 and 5) in a position where they are clamped against each other, corresponding to assembly clearance, while potentially retaining the spacing needed to match the operating clearance of the drum brake. A single action (A, B) on the hand-brake lever (6) enables the shoes to be moved from assembly clearance to operating clearance.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines, having a high-pressure accumulation chamber, which contains high-pressure fuel, and at least one fuel injection valve, which is connected to the high-pressure accumulation chamber. The fuel injection valve can inject the highly pressurized fuel through injection openings into a combustion chamber of the engine. The fuel injection valve has a control chamber, which is defined by a longitudinally mobile piston and is operationally connected to the fuel injection valve so that the injection cross section of the fuel injection valve is controlled as a function of the hydraulic pressure in the control chamber. A low-pressure accumulation chamber is provided, which can be connected to the control chamber, in which a predetermined fuel pressure is maintained in the low-pressure accumulation chamber that is lower than the pressure in the high-pressure accumulation chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electromechanical disk brake (10). To attain brake boosting, the invention proposes embodying the disk brake (10) with a multiple brake cylinder (24), which is displaceable in a secant direction of a brake disk (20), and which has both a friction brake lining piston (22), which is displaceable transversely to the brake disk (20), and two brake booster pistons (26), disposed facing one another, which are displaceable parallel to the brake disk (20), and which are braced on fixed abutments (36), for instance on an inside of a brake caliper (12) of the disk brake (10). For actuation of the disk brake (10), the multiple brake cylinder (24) is displaced in the direction of rotation (46) of the brake disk (20), and as a result, the brake booster piston (26) that is at the front in the displacement direction moves into the brake cylinder (26) and, via the friction brake lining piston (22), presses the friction brake lining (18) against the brake disk (20).

Abstract: A fuel injector-spark plug combination includes a fuel injector for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and a spark plug with a spark-plug insulator, the spark plug having a first electrode, and a second electrode for igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber. The fuel injector and the spark-plug insulator of the spark plug are arranged at a biaxial offset in a respective receiving bore of a shared connecting member inserted in a recess of a cylinder head.