Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preventing, delaying or reversing age-associated inflammation, by administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of at least one reverse transcriptase inhibitor (RTI).

Abstract: The present invention discloses new catalyst systems based on trivalent metal complexes of Formula I, which can facilitate the stereospecific ring-opening polymerization of (rac)-?-Butyrolactone (rac-BBL). Also provided is a process for the stereospecific synthesis of aliphatic polyesters using the catalysts of Formula I, including alcohols and polyols as chain-transfer agents to facilitate immortal ring-opening polymerization.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for making hyper compliant polymer particles by inverse emulsification and having a predetermined mechanical compliance and a predetermined size with a monodisperse diameter. Compositions and methods are provided for use of hyper compliant polymer particles in drug delivery, assay, particle image velocimetry, ceramics, cosmetics, deconvolution, electronic paper, insulation, personal care, standards, retroreflective paint and paint applications, thickening agents, regenerative medicine, device calibration, micro-carriers and force indicators.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates in certain embodiments to the creation of ionized molecules, e.g., for detection in a mass spectrometer, or for other uses such as lithography, sputtering machines, propulsion etc. Some embodiments include an ion source comprising a capillary tip that may allow for direct ion evaporation of samples with an applied electric field. In some cases, the tip may have an opening with a cross-section less than 100 nm. In addition, certain aspects are directed to using a capillary tip that allow for detection of samples (e.g. amino acids), and in some cases allows for sequencing. For instance, some embodiments are directed to allowing single ions and ionic clusters to be evaporated at a high rate directly from aqueous samples in a mass spectrometer. Other aspects are directed to methods for making or using such ionized molecules, methods for making or using devices to create such ionized molecules, or the like.

Abstract: A system passively cools, regulates humidity and/or rectifies diffusive transport of water vapor in an interior area within a structure. The system includes a membrane assembly covering a portion of the structure, wherein the membrane has an interior side facing the interior area and an exterior side. The membrane assembly defines a plurality of pores. When cooling, a supply of fluid is provided to the membrane assembly so that capillary action of the pores redistributes the fluid to create evaporation and, in turn, the desired heat flow. The membrane assembly can include an architectural membrane coated with a porous matrix coating to form the pores. A pump can provide the fluid to the interior side of the membrane assembly. Preferably, the architectural membrane is woven PTFE-coated fiberglass and the porous matrix coating is titanium dioxide, zeolites and/or silica gel.

Abstract: An electrochemical method includes performing anodic halogenation of Cu foils, performing subsequent oxide-formation in a KHCO3 electrolyte, and performing an electroreduction in neutral KHCO3 to generate a copper catalyst.

Abstract: An isolator based on a waveguide-based artificial dielectric medium is scalable to a range of desired terahertz frequencies, has non-reciprocal transmission and provides low insertion loss and high isolation at various tunable terahertz frequencies, far exceeding the performance of other terahertz isolators, and rivaling that of commercial optical isolators based on the Faraday effect. This approach offers a promising new route for polarization control of free-space terahertz beams in various instrumentation applications. Artificial dielectrics are man-made media that mimic properties of naturally occurring dielectric media, or even manifest properties that cannot generally occur in nature. A simple and effective strategy implements a polarizing-beam-splitter and a quarter wave plate to form a highly effective isolator. Performance of the device is believed to exceed that of any other experimentally demonstrated method for isolation of back-reflections for terahertz beams.

Abstract: A system includes intracranial electrodes embedded into a cranium, a deep brain stimulation system embedded into the cranium, a brain implantable device embedded into the cranium, and a pulse generator, the deep brain stimulation system and the brain implantable device linked to the intracranial electrodes and to the pulse generator.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and compositions for the prevention or treatment of obesity and obesity-related disorders. The methods and compositions are based, inter alia, on the observations that OPN3 is the most highly expressed opsin in the hypothalamus, a key site for the regulation of energy homeostasis. Indeed, OPN3 expression was highest in regions associated with energy homeostasis, namely the paraventricular nucleus and arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. OPN3 was shown to interact and form a complex with MC3R and MC4R, and to modulate MC3R- and MC4R-mediated signaling in the hypothalamus. Accordingly, the methods involve the regulation of melanocortin receptors by downregulating opsin 3 (OPN3) protein expression, OPN3 gene expression, and/or OPN3 activation in the hypothalamus.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and compositions relating to anti-Chi3L1 antibodies, antibody reagents, and antigen-binding fragments thereof which display superior properties, e.g., high sensitivity, high specificity, high binding affinity, neutralization activity ex vivo and in vivo (e.g., blocks Chi3L1-induced MAPK and AKT signaling). Methods of treatment, e.g., of treating cancer, obesity, and/or asthma by administering the compounds described herein are also provided.

Abstract: It is demonstrated herein that inhibitors of immune checkpoints and CHI3L1 are synergistic. Accordingly, described herein are methods and compositions relating to combinatorial therapies for cancer, e.g., comprising an inhibitor of CHI3L1; and an inhibitor of an immune checkpoint protein. In some embodiments, the CHI3L1 inhibitor can be an antibody or antibody reagent as described herein.

Abstract: A method includes providing a computer system, the computer system including at least a processor and a memory, the memory including at least an operating system, executing a process in the memory, the process including providing a recurrent circuit model, and converting the recurrent circuit model into a recurrent neural network that can be fit with gradient descent.

Abstract: A photon source for generating entangled photons includes a pump laser, and 4-N, N-dimethylamino-4?-N?-methyl-stilbazolium-tosylate (DAST) crystals, the pump laser pumping the DAST crystals with pump photons to generate a stream of pairs of entangled photons, each pair comprising a signal photon and an idler photon.

Abstract: A system includes an array of chemical, pressure, and temperature sensors, and a temporal airflow modulator configured to provide sniffed vapors in a temporally-modulated sequence through a plurality of different air paths across multiple sensor locations.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for inhibiting growth of bacteria and to nanometer scale surfaces having antibacterial properties.

Abstract: A hardware neural network system includes an input buffer for input neurons (Nbin), an output buffer for output neurons (Nbout), and a third buffer for synaptic weights (SB) connected to a Neural Functional Unit (NFU) and a control logic (CP) for performing synapses and neurons computations. The NFU pipelines a computation into stages, the stages including weight blocks (WB), an adder tree, and a non-linearity function.

Abstract: A high speed multi-directional 3D printer includes two opposing delta 3D printers set in an opposing configuration, a modified frame to enable both delta 3D printers to slide back and forth, two horizontal/outward printing extruders, and a sliding/locking kernel substrate mount with adhesive for printing against gravity.

Abstract: Ferritin or iron-based image enhancement agents identify target tissue for treatment or ablation and are heated by microwave absorption. Microwave heat substrates enhance microwave hyperthermal ablation treatment, and may be percutaneously delivered and imaged by x-ray CT during placement of the microwave treatment antenna, allowing more precise positioning and more complete ablation of a tumor site. One method of treating a target tissue uses image-guided delivery of a heat substrate with a reverse-phase change polymer, and may apply energy to fix a mass of the material in the tissue. The fixed polymer may increase hyperthermia, form a thermal boundary, or blockade a vessel or passage so as to reduce or prevent undesired conductive cooling by contiguous tissue, or may deliver a localized treatment drug at the site, upon heating or as it degrades over time.

Abstract: Disclosed are computer-readable devices, systems and methods for generating a model of a clothed body. The method includes generating a model of an unclothed human body, the model capturing a shape or a pose of the unclothed human body, determining two-dimensional contours associated with the model, and computing deformations by aligning a contour of a clothed human body with a contour of the unclothed human body. Based on the two-dimensional contours and the deformations, the method includes generating a first two-dimensional model of the unclothed human body, the first two-dimensional model factoring the deformations of the unclothed human body into one or more of a shape variation component, a viewpoint change, and a pose variation and learning an eigen-clothing model using principal component analysis applied to the deformations, wherein the eigen-clothing model classifies different types of clothing, to yield a second two-dimensional model of a clothed human body.

Abstract: A magnetic sensing device includes a non-magnetic layer serving as a spacer and two magnetic layers that sandwich the spacer, and two oxide layers that sandwich the trilayer structure including the two magnetic layers and the spacer.