Abstract: A sound source is composed of a plurality of chips of integrated circuits, into which a sound source circuit and an effector circuit are integrated. In a chip of integrated circuit, a waveform signal generated by the sound source circuit within the integrated circuit itself is compounded with a waveform signal generated by other sound source circuit in other chip of integrated circuit, and the resultant signal is applied with effect by the effector circuit.Further, in a chip of integrated circuit, a waveform signal generated by the sound source circuit within the integrated circuit itself is compounded with a waveform signal generated by other sound source circuit in other chip of integrated circuit, and the mixed signal is applied with effect by the effector circuit, and further the effect added signal is transferred to the above other chip of integrated circuit, thereby the signal being applied with other effect.

Abstract: A semiconductor device has a connection electrode and protective film formed of organic material and covering the connection electrode. An opening is formed in the protective film to expose the connection electrode. A natural oxide layer is etched by argon-based dry etching. The surface layer of the protective film is altered to reduce the insulativity in the dry etching process. After a projection electrode is formed on the connection electrode later, the altered surface layer of the protective film is removed by oxygen-based dry etching. As no altered surface layer remain on the protective film, an adverse affect such as inadequate insulation does not occur.

Abstract: A plurality of address wiring layers and a plurality of data wiring layers are arranged to cross each other at a right angle. TFTs are respectively arranged at the intersections between the address wiring layers and the data wiring layers. The gate electrode of each TFT is connected to an address wiring layer for each row. The drain electrode of each TFT is connected to a data wiring layer for each column. Display electrodes are respectively arranged in the regions defined by the address wiring layers and the data wiring layers, and are connected to the source electrodes of the TFTs arranged in the respective regions. The data wiring layers and the source and drain electrodes of the TFTs each comprise the first layer serving as an ohmic barrier layer for a semiconductor layer, the second layer forming of a conductive material and serving as a main signal wiring layer, and the third layer serving as a battery reaction preventing layer.

Abstract: A graph display apparatus wherein a dynamic invention has the following arrangement. A dynamic graph key in a key input unit is operated by a user and a functional formula subjected to graph calculation and a change range and a change pitch of a coefficient value present in the functional formula input using numeric. symbol keys are stored in a formula register in a RAM (Random Access Memory). When an execution key is operated in a state wherein a coefficient change speed is stored in a register, the coefficient value of the functional formula is sequentially replaced within the change range at the change pitch.

Abstract: In a data processing apparatus including a storage device for storing definition information, which defines data processing operation, and a data or for decoding the definition information in the storage device, and reading out data from, e.g., a file so as to execute data processing, the definition information is detected to display or print a system diagram, which is classified into processing operations associated with an input system, a file system, and an output system, so that the system diagram of data processing can be automatically output.

Abstract: A montage composing apparatus is provided for composing a desired picture of a human face without any complicated manipulations. The apparatus requires no operation for selecting and combining part patterns to compose the picture of a human face. Several sets of part numbers of patterns which composes a picture of a human face, are previously stored in a basic face ROM. One of set of part numbers is selected and stored in a RAM. Patterns corresponding to the part numbers stored in the RAM are read out from a pattern ROM and are combined in a composing memory to compose a picture of a human face. The composed picture of a human face is displayed on a display unit. When one of the patterns composing the picture of a human face displayed on the display unit is required to be replaced with another pattern, the part number of the pattern to be replaced is registered to the RAM.

Abstract: When the current time data in current time counting device has been corrected on the basis of the current time data transmitted over radiowaves, it is judged whether or not an alarm time is present between the time data before correction and the time data after correction. If an alarm time is present, the user is informed of the alarm time. This avoids the problem of failing to inform the user of the alarm time at that day. Furthermore, the correspondence between the current time data in the current time counting device and the time data in different functional device is prevented from changing as follows when the current time data has been corrected on the basis of the received time data, the time data in the different functional device is also corrected as much as the same correction time, or while the different functional device is operating, the time correcting operation is prevented from being carried out even if the time correction timing has been reached.

Abstract: A graph display apparatus includes a plurality of functional formulas to be displayed as graphs and their coordinate ranges are stored in a memory by operating numeric .multidot. symbol keys on a key input unit. The plurality of stored formulas are displayed on a display unit by operating a "list" key. When a plurality of arbitrary formulas are designated and a "synthesis" key is operated, the graphs of the designated formulas are calculated and displayed on a single coordinate system in accordance with coordinate ranges of the formula which is designated first. When the plurality of arbitrary formulas are designated and a "division" key is operated, the functional formulas are displayed on different coordinate systems in accordance with corresponding coordinate ranges. When the graphs of a plurality of input formulas are calculated and displayed, the individual graphs can be appropriately synthesized or divided and can be displayed in comparison with each other.

Abstract: In a radio signal detecting system, an antenna is rotatably mounted on a wrist watch type case, and this antenna is manually rotated to receive a radio signal reflected from a target to be distance-measured every time the antenna is rotated by a preselected rotation angle. The reflected radio signal is digitally converted into field strength data, or distance data. These field strength data, or distance data are sequentially stored into a memory circuit in correspondence with the rotation angle of the antenna. Since the data stored into the memory circuit at every rotation angle for the antenna are displayed on a liquid crystal display unit, the radio signal detecting system can be made compact and operated under low power consumption.

Abstract: A soundless period is detected from audio data stored in a memory medium, and soundless portion data relevant to the detected soundless period is eliminated. Sound portion data following the soundless portion data is stored right after previously stored sound portion data, so that audio data is compressed. When the audio data is reproduced, the soundless portion data is generated during the soundless period, and the original sound is reproduced. Soundless portion data is inserted into an arbitrary portion of the audio data to form a break. This soundless portion data is not stored in the memory medium, but, in a playing mode, the soundless portion data is automatically generated from a designated time for a designated period.

Abstract: An image data processing apparatus binary-codes an image signal obtained from an image sensor of the CCD type or the like so as to output a binary-coded image signal. The image signal obtained from the image sensor A/D-converted into digital image data. Based upon the digital image data, average values of luminance values of the digital image data are calculated for an array of pixels in a preselected area of the CCD. This average value is used as a threshold level for binary coding the image data for these pixels at the center portion of this preselected area. Furthermore, to detect coutours this data processing apparatus calculates a gradient in the luminance values of the pixels in a portion of the preselected area of the CCD in an X direction and a Y direction, and the gradient value is used to obtain binary-coded data in accordance with the above-described method.

Abstract: First and second switches, which are to be operated by a user, are provided on a pen-shaped housing. A first heat generating head for writing an image on a rewritable heat sensitive sheet is arranged at an end of a tapered end portion of the pen-shaped housing, and a second heat generating head, for generating heat at a temperature which is different from a temperature of heat generated from the writing head, is arranged at flat another end of the pen-shaped housing. The writing head generates heat only when the first switch is turned on, and the erasing head generates heat only when the second switch is turned on, so that the erasing head erases the image which have been written on the heat sensitive sheet from the sheet.

Abstract: A polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device includes opposing substrates having transparent electrodes formed on opposing surfaces thereof, and a composite film arranged between the substrates and having an arrangement obtained by dispersing a liquid crystal in a polymer. The composite film includes a phase-separation polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer constituted by a composite film consisting of a liquid crystal and a polymer, and liquid crystal capsules which are dispersed in the phase separation polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer and in which a liquid crystal is sealed. Each of the liquid crystal capsules has an outer diameter equal to a gap between the substrate and functions as a spacer for regulating the gap between the substrate. Liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal capsules, like liquid crystal molecules in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, are aligned in accordance with a voltage applied across the opposing electrodes to transmit or scatter incident light.

Abstract: Disclosed is a TV telephone system that comprises a TV telephone apparatus, which includes image pickup means, display means and an input/output port to connect to another apparatus, and a station, which includes a modulation/demodulation section to connect to a telephone line and an input/output port to connect to the TV telephone apparatus, whereby when the TV telephone apparatus is connected to the station, an image is exchanged therebetween over a telephone line using the image pickup means and display means of the TV telephone apparatus.

Abstract: An IC memory device has input/output terminals, a holder for detachably housing the memory device, and an IC card-type adapter which is provided with connection terminals to be connected to the terminals of the memory device housed in the holder. The memory device is solely attached to or detached from a small electronic device such as a wrist watch and makes serial data transmission/reception therebetween. The memory device is set in the adapter and makes parallel data transmission/reception between it and an electronic device having connection terminals to the connectors of the adapter.

Abstract: A pace calculation device including an oscillator and a frequency divider used for timing purposes, an amplifier and a speaker for generating a signal sound, and a CPU for performing an operation. Times taken for a runner to run any first distance twice each at a different pace to the signal sound are measured. The CPU draws a relation between a pace and a run time on the basis of data on two different paces at each of which the runner run the first distance and data on the run times taken for the runner to run. A run time taken for the runner to run at any pace any second distance which the runner should run in a target run time is measured. The CPU calculates a pace at which the runner runs the second distance in the target run time on the basis of the relation, data on the pace at which the runner run the second distance, and the run time taken for that run. The speaker generates a signal sound on the basis of data on the pace calculated by the CPU.