Abstract: An electronic stringed instrument employs a plurality of sensors or monitors for instrument performance. Preferred sensors or monitors include a detector for detecting that a string of the instrument is vibrated, an apparatus for evaluating a string-vibration strength or a string touch, an apparatus for discriminating a fret operation position on a fingerboard or a fundamental frequency of a vibration of the vibrated string, a tremolo arm sensor, and a string-bending sensor. These performance input parameters are assigned to various control functions for musical tones generated by a sound source and/or various control functions for effects added to these musical tones by an effector. The function assignment is preferably programmable. In an operation, a music control apparatus controls the sound source and/or effector in response to a performance monitor so that musical tones for the strings can be distinguished from each other or effects for the musical tones can be distinguished from each other.

Abstract: A mechanism for opening and closing an openable apparatus has a body consisting of a first body portion and a second body portion. The first body portion is rotated about a pivotal axis between the closed position and the fully opened position. An arcuated gear portion having a center falling on the pivotal axis is provided. A one-way damper mechanism is connected to the gear portion directly or via a transmission gear and comprises a rotary gear rotated in cooperation with the opening and closing movements of the first body portion and a rotational speed control device for controlling the rotational speed of the first body portion when the first body portion is closed. In cooperation with the movement of the first body portion between the closed position and the fully opened position, the rotary member is rotatable about the pivotal axis between a first position at which the first body portion is closed and a second position at which the first body portion is fully opened.

Abstract: In a fee calculating apparatus for calculating a delivery fee, when weight data obtained by measurement in a weight measuring section such as an electronic scale, length data obtained by measurement in a length measuring section such as an automatic measure, and area data input by area data input means are all supplied to the calculating means, a delivery fee is calculated from the data by the calculating means in accordance with fee tables such as a parcel rank conversion table and a fee conversion table.

Abstract: Even though a control apparatus adapted for controlling a sound source of a keyboard type musical instrument is used with any type of electronic instruments connected therewith as a performance input apparatus, the control apparatus can provide after-touch effect as a user expects. Especially when a wind instrument playing mode is selected the control apparatus generates control data in a state inherent to a wind instrument playing mode on the basis of the received after-touch data to control musical tones, and suppresses amplitudes of variations of the control data when the after-touch data vary within a low amplitude range. Further, when the control apparatus has received a plurality of after-touch data, the control apparatus obtains only one of after-touch data, which is to be processed, thereby applying after-touch effect to musical tones with no time delay after a player's playing operation.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal driving apparatus for driving a liquid crystal display panel in accordance with an image signal, the response speed of a liquid crystal display panel is increased so as not to produce an afterimage upon motion image display. A signal is preprocessed by an inverse transfer function of the transfer function of the liquid crystal panel, i.e., signal processing for emphasizing an image change in a timer direction is performed, and the liquid crystal display panel is driven by using the processed data.

Abstract: A monitor mounting fixture includes a base member detachably mounted on an image pickup machine. A monitor supporting arm is supported on the base member such that it can be rotated in its peripheral direction. The monitor supporting arm has a portion bendable along an axial direction. A monitor mounting unit is mounted on the monitor supporting arm. The monitor mounting unit can detachably be mounted on a monitor display.

Abstract: A RAM stores a plurality of alphabet data, and corresponding numerical value data such as national numbers of international telephone numbers and trunk codes. A RAM stores name data, the alphabet data, and telephone number numerical value data. When a switch is operated, the numerical value data are read out in the order that the corresponding national number and trunk code in the RAM are inserted in the alphabet portion in the RAM, the readout data are converted to dialing tones, and the dialing tones are output.

Abstract: In driving a color liquid crystal panel having red, green and blue color filters, a color liquid crystal display apparatus sets signal electrodes of these three colors in a no-bias status during a non-display period of an image signal in such a manner as to permit at least two colors of the signal electrodes have mutually different effective voltages. The effective voltages in the no-bias state are set at values which provide the optimum value for .DELTA.n.multidot.d (.DELTA.n: birefringence) in accordance with cell gaps d on the signal electrodes, thereby minimizing the height difference between the color filters.

Abstract: When picking of a string is performed, the vibration of the string is detected accurately and quickly. When a fret operation position is changed during generation of a musical tone caused by the string picking, the pitch of the musical tone is changed to the one corresponding to the new fret operation position without generating a new musical tone. When the same string is stroked successively, the succeeding musical tone is generated while keeping the reverberation of the previous musical tone. The musical tone once generated will be stopped from being generated upon elapse of a predetermined time from the beginning of the tone generation, irrespective of the type of its timbre. When a fret operation state is changed to an open-string operation state after the string picking, the generation of the musical tone being generated stops at that timing.

Abstract: Variable length data stored in a RAM are sequentially read out by designating their addresses. It is detected whether or not the readout data is a code indicating a delimitation of, e.g., a word block, record block, file block, or the like. If it is detected that the readout data is a code indicating a delimitation, an address at that time is latched, thus forming an address table based on the latched address. The address table thus formed is utilized upon retrieval of data in the RAM, thus allowing high-speed data access.

Abstract: A manual sweeping printer has a linear thermal head and sweeps in a direction perpendicular to an arranging direction of the thermal head, thereby performing printing. The printer alternately drives two adjacent heating elements to perform 2-time-division printing. When a sweeping velocity of the printer exceeds a maximum sweeping velocity set in accordance with a printing speed, a divisional driving sequence is controlled to perform staggered printing.

Abstract: In a nameplate apparatus incorporating a communication unit therein, the communication unit is formed in a thin film shape and transmits a coded code specific to the nameplate apparatus. On a front surface of this thin-film shaped communication unit, a display plate is mounted so as to display information such as a name, whereas on a rear surface of the communication unit, a holding member is provided so as to detachably secure the communication unit to a user's clothing or the like. In a data processing apparatus, after the coded code transmitted from the communication unit is determined to be coincident with a predetermined identification code, the data processing apparatus is brought into an operable condition.

Abstract: A bump electrode structure of a semiconductor device comprises an electrode pad formed of an aluminum alloy, an insulating oxide layer covering only the peripheral edge portion of the electrode pad, an under-bump layer formed of an alloy of titanium and tungsten, and a bump electrode formed of gold. The titanium-tungsten alloy functions both as a barrier metal and as a bonding metal. The bump electrode rises substantially straight from the bonding surface of the under-bump layer, and its top portion has an area only substantially equal to that of the electrode pad. Fine V-shaped grooves are formed on the top surface of the bump electrode by anisotropic etching. Thus, the semiconductor device with fine electrode pad pitches is provided with a high-reliability bump electrode structure which ensures sufficient bonding strength between internal and external electrodes.

Abstract: All of first to third liquid crystal panels have the same structure. A plurality of dichroic mirrors separate light from a light source into the three primary color (red, green, and blue) beams, and cause the red, green, and blue beams to be respectively incident on the first, second, and the third liquid crystal panels. A dichroic prism superposes the red, green, and blue beams which are respectively transmitted through the liquid crystal panels. A projection lens projects a full-color image beam formed by the dichroic prism. Correcting devices are respectively arranged to oppose the incident surfaces of the first to third liquid crystal panels, and cause the respective color beams separated by the dichroic mirrors to be incident as beams in which the intensities of light components oscillating in the same direction are high.

Abstract: A print image is stored in a frame memory. A CPU combines form data and non-form data and develops a resultant synthetic image in the frame memory, thereby obtaining the print image. The CPU sequentially develops only non-form data in a previously set area of the image memory after form data has been developed without erasing the developed form data until the form data is subjected to change. Thus, new print images are sequentially obtained by sequentialy developing new non-form data with the form data developed only once. A printer prints a print image stored in the image memory. The image of the form data developed in the image memory is held until an instruction is issued to change the form data.

Abstract: A carrier signal generating unit generates a carrier signal. A modulation signal generating unit generates a modulation signal. A mixing controlling unit controls, in mixing the modulation signal with the carrier signal, a mixing ratio of the modulation signal to the carrier signal and outputs a mixed signal in which the modulation signal and the carrier signal are mixed in the controlled mixing ratio. A waveform outputting unit has a predetermined functional relation between its input and output and receives the mixed signal from the mixing controlling unit to provide a modulated musical sound waveform. In this case, the carrier signal and the modulation signal are set such that a desired musical sound waveform is obtained from the waveform outputting unit when the mixing ratio of the modulation signal to the carrier signal is controlled by the mixing controlling unit to a predetermined mixing ratio. And the present invention provides a method of setting the carrier signal and the modulation signal.

Abstract: A automatic composer automatically forms a rhythm pattern. Reference rhythm patterns representing a sequence of a plurality of tone durations are generated, and a pulse scale source provides a pulse scale of pulse points having weights for joining or disjoining tone durations, depending on their positions. The reference rhythm pattern is modified by executing one of joining or disjoining tone durations in accordance with the pulse scale. Also disclosed is an automatic composer for composing an entire musical piece, wherein featuring parameters are extracted from an inputted portion of a musical piece, and an entire musical piece is composed in accordance with at least the extracted featuring parameters. According to a preferred arrangement, the featuring parameters are extracted in accordance with at least one of a sequence of tone pitches and a sequence of tone durations, the sequences defining the inputted portion of the musical piece.