Abstract: A holding device for liquid containers has at least one molding for receiving the liquid container, and a removable part that is releaseably connected to the holding device. The removable part comprises at least one tool (for example a bottle opener) or a slot which is suitable for receiving a card. The liquid container is held by moldings and sections. Fastening means are used to fix the holding device in the central console.

Abstract: A motor vehicle seat, in particular for an open motorcar, having an air supply device for supplying an air flow from an air output opening to the head, neck and shoulder area of a passenger. The air supply device includes a heating or cooling system for heating or cooling the air flow. This air supply device is a more efficient heating or cooling system for a motor vehicle seat. For this purpose, the air supply device comprises a sandwich that includes at least one heating or cooling layer and at least one air penetrable layer and a structure which makes it possible to convert the air flow into turbulent or diffused steam.

Abstract: In a method for operating an air-compressing fuel-injection internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas post-treatment system with a particle filter and a nitrogen oxide reduction catalytic converter, a plurality of internal combustion engine operating settings are provided, each having respective predefined values for predefined internal combustion engine operating parameters. A heating operating setting is set when the internal combustion engine is warming up, while a basic operating setting is set in the warmed-up, while a basic operating setting is set in the warmed-up state. When the temperature in the exhaust gas system exceeds a predefinable first value, the heating operating setting is changed over to the basic operating setting. In the warmed-up state, at least one further, (third) operating setting, with an exhaust gas recirculation rate that is reduced compared to the basic operating setting, is provided in addition to the basic operating setting.

Abstract: In a method for monitoring an exhaust gas purifying component with gas storage capability for purifying exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas purifying component comprises a gas storage material which changes from a first state into a second state upon storage of the gas. A temperature change of the exhaust gas purifying component and/or of the gas storage material, substantially based on a heat tonality of the modification transition, is measured and evaluated.

Abstract: A method for the production of a brake disk and a brake disk which are characterized by the following features: several pairs of bushings inserted into each other are placed into a core box. The core is closed about the bushings in such a way that they form an integral component of the core. The core is inserted into a casting tool and the brake disk is cast. After the core is removed, the brake disk hub and the friction ring are decoupled from each other and can expand in relation to each other without shielding the brake disk.

Abstract: A folding top for an open motor vehicle adjustable between a closed position covering the passenger cell and a folded storage position in which the folding top and is accommodated in a folding-top storage space. In order to adjust the folding top, a control linkage is provided on both sides of the motor vehicle and has two main links that are supported on an associated bracket via a respectively assigned main bearing. At least one main bearing of each control linkage is movable in relation to either or both of the associated bracket and in relation to the assigned main link.

Abstract: The invention relates to an evaluating method for identifying traveled streets, which, for example are subject to a toll, by means of measured values, for example the position and driving direction as detected by the motor vehicle. The course of roads leading to a decision point are recorded in the evaluating device in an exclusive or preponderant manner said courses are re-recorded respectively at a distance from the decision point, where the measured values of sensors arranged in a motor vehicle provide at least one unique value situated within tolerances which makes it possible to unambiguously identify one of the alternative road courses that have been traveled. The invention makes it possible to reliably distinguish between the roads traveled and those that do not lead to the decision point.

Abstract: In a method for heating up the intake air of an internal combustion engine during the preglow phase or start-up phase, the heating power is controlled by a control unit of the engine electronics as a function of the operating data of the internal combustion engine. During the preglow phase, the heating element is initially supplied with full current until the heating element reaches its reference temperature. After the reference temperature has been reached and until the start-up phase, a post-heating phase begins in which the heating element is kept at a constant temperature by way of a relatively low power. During the start-up phase, in a first time period, the heating element is switched off, and in a second time period in which the speed of the internal combustion engine is raised to the starting speed, the heating element is switched on again.

Abstract: A passage structure for PEM fuel cells is configured locally differently in order to adapt the flow of gas on the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). Starting from the cathode entry port, the active gas volumetric flow per unit area on the MEA is locally varied by changing the number and/or cross section of the gas-carrying passages, so that the flow decreases toward the cathode exit port. Suitable configuration of the passage structure according to the invention allows the steam partial pressure to be optimally matched to the local conditions. The mass conversion is improved in these regions as a result without the electrolyte's drying out. At locations in the flowfield with a low gas humidity, the measures according to the invention (increased number of passages or passage width) significantly reduce the flow velocity. As a result, the transfer of water from the MEA to the gas flow is reduced and drying of the MEA is diminished.

Abstract: In a motor vehicle and or a subassembly of a motor vehicle, e.g., a convertible or a roadster, with an opening roof, e.g., a soft top or a hardtop, which includes roof parts or roof elements which are mounted on a main bearing device so as to be able to pivot from a closed position into an open position, the main bearing device is fastened to a supporting structure of the motor vehicle, and with a roll bar which is fitted to the motor vehicle so as to be able to pivot from a storage position into a protective position. To reduce manufacturing costs, the main bearing device has an additional, secondary bearing device on which the roll bar is pivotally mounted.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine with an air separation unit and a method of realizing such an internal combustion engine, the air separation unit is able to be fed by intake air compressed by a charging unit and cooled by a charged air cooler. The internal combustion engine can at least periodically be fed with a retentate, provided by the air separation unit, having such a composition that, in comparison to normal, it is oxygen enriched. The air separation unit is connected to the outlet of the charged air cooler, and compressed intake air from the charging unit undergoes purification that includes the separation of fluid and/or solid contents before being fed into the air separation unit.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to be able to produce directly cast GGV and GGG melts in a single-stage process, simultaneously determine the physical and mechanical parameters such as the strength index and the pipe index by means of a thermal analysis and a mathematical evaluation model, continuously compare the process data to the target data with the aid of the process control computer, optimally determine the amounts to be added, and introduce the determined amount into the melt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a shift lever arrangement for a transmission of a motor vehicle having a shift lever for setting a selected shift stage of the transmission, with the shift lever being mounted, by means of a positioning unit, so as to be movable between a non-use position of the shift lever and a use position thereof for setting the shift stages and/or vice versa, wherein an anti-trap unit is assigned to the shift lever, in such a way that, after the activation of the positioning unit for adjusting the shift lever between the non-use position and the use position thereof and/or vice versa, the positioning force generated by the positioning unit and acting on the shift lever can be at least reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vehicle occupant protection and/or comfort system (1) for a vehicle (10), comprising a plurality of adaptive protection system and comfort components (8.1, 8.2) which are each assigned to a sitting place (SP1 to SPn) and can be adjusted by means of a safety and/or comfort profile (PS, PK) which is related to a vehicle occupant who is occupying the respective sitting place (SP1 to SPn) and can be activated by means of an authentication system (2). The authentication system (2) here comprises a plurality of person identification devices (4.1 to 4.

Abstract: A child seat which can be fastened to a vehicle seat of a vehicle by means of a fastening system comprises a child belt system for securing a child sitting on the child seat apparatus for coupling a vehicle seat belt system, which has a belt strap and a belt strap tensioning device, to the belt system of the child seat. The coupling apparatus is designed such that, when the belt strap tensioning device is activated, the child seat belt system is also tensioned. The coupling apparatus has a holder into which the belt strap provided on the vehicle can be hooked. holder is designed and arranged in such a manner that it serves to receive the lap belt section of the vehicle's belt strap.

Abstract: A method for energy management of air-conditioning units in motor vehicles in which each of the air-conditioning units has a plurality of air-conditioning compressors prevents very heavy loading of an engine of a motor vehicle and prevents the engine from almost stalling when the air-conditioning compressors start up, as currently occurs during starting of the engine of the motor vehicle, after idling of the engine of the motor vehicle, and after an acceleration process in which the engine was in the full load mode. Each of the air-conditioning compressors is allocated a different priority, with the highest priority, for example, assigned to the air-conditioning compressor for a front vehicle region which is intended, inter alia, to prevent the front windscreen from misting up by removing moisture from the air. A lower priority can be assigned to the air-conditioning compressor for a rear vehicle region.