Abstract: A rotationally-dependent free-wheeling coupling for a motor vehicle comprises a first ring which constitutes a driving element in the towing mode of the motor vehicle, a second ring which constitutes a driven element in the towing mode, clamping elements which act between the first and second rings to transfer torque therebetween in both directions of torque flow, a cage which holds the clamping elements, and a friction element which causes the cage to rotate with the second ring. The rotationally-dependent free-wheeling coupling further comprises a latch which acts between the first ring and the cage, the latch being mounted for swiveling movement on an axle and entering a recess in the cage, the recess having a wall which constitutes a stop for the latch and defining a neutral (free-wheeling) position, a retaining spring which presses the latch into the recess of the cage, and a slipping spring.

Abstract: In air- and spacecraft and where drinking water supplies are scarce it is necessary to reuse the available water due to the limited tank volume available for the water supply. Such reuse calls for a water treatment. For this purpose a freeze concentration stage or preferably two such stages are integrated into a sequential waste water treatment system, including mechanical filters followed by the freeze concentration stage, which in turn is followed by micro- and ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, and charcoal filter stages. A final stage includes a disinfection by ultraviolet radiation. The operation of the system is monitored by measuring the electrical conductivity of the water being treated. The use of one or two freeze concentration stages provides a universal cleaning capable of handling waste water of any composition. The selection of stages downstream of the freeze concentration stages is variable, depending on the degree of purification required.

Abstract: Method and device for counting clock pulses for the purpose of determining period length works in accordance with an absolute time measuring principle, provides at least a single main counter which runs uninterruptedly from the start of measurement to the end of measurement and a channel counter for each of a number n of measuring channels. By stopping a channel counter at the associated measurement period end and reading out the counter reading thereof as well as that of a supplementary upper main counter part which contains the higher-order count positions, a determination is made of the total time elapsed from the start of measurement up to the respective detected period end, and thereafter the target period lengths are determined by forming the difference of successive count values. The invention can be used, for example, for the high-precision measurement of the speed of a system rotating about an axis.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus control output of an air-breathing fuel cell system which consists of an air supply line, a fuel cell, an air exhaust line, and a separate gas supply system for hydrogen gas. To control the fuel cell output, an adjustable rotary speed compressor is located in the air supply line and a variable absorption capacity expander is located in the air exhaust line. The compressor, the expander, and an additional electric motor are positioned on a common shaft. The expander converts the pressure energy contained in the exhaust air into mechanical energy and delivers that energy via the common shaft to the compressor. The air volume flow is controlled by the compressor rotary speed and adjusted to a preset value. A preset working pressure is established in the fuel cell system by adjusting the absorption capacity of the expander.

Abstract: A high-temperature battery for a vehicle with an electric drive and that supplies the electric drive with power has a thermally insulating housing in order to avoid thermal losses. The battery also has a cooling system that limits the operating temperature during the charging and during the power drain. The dissipated heat of the cooling system is used to heat the vehicle. There is provision for the vehicle to be preheated during the charging of the battery so that during the driving mode the temperature to which the passenger compartment has been heated merely has to be maintained. Thus, even when the overall amounts of dissipated heat from the cooling system are low, heating to a comfortable degree is possible.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus humidify process gas for operating fuel cell systems. To ensure high efficiency, the process gas must be introduced at a predetermined temperature and humidity. A metered quantity of fine water droplets is injected into the gas supply line, by way of which the process air is humidified. If the fuel cell is operated under pressure, the process air generally has to be cooled after it has been compressed. The process air is automatically cooled as a result of a partial evaporation of the water droplets while the residual quantity of water in the form of droplets is introduced into the fuel cell.

Abstract: A supporting device for a rescue vehicle comprises two legs each of which has a footing plate (16) located near a lateral vehicle edge of the vehicle. The legs are capable of being swivelled from a transportation position to a supporting position. In order to create a light-weight supporting device which is nevertheless very effective in both the vertical and horizontal directions of towing, and easily retractable and accessible, the footing plates (16) are connected to the legs (13) so as to be capable of swivelling around a horizontal axis (30) and a vertical axis (31). Both footing plates (16) can be connected to each other to form a supporting shield.

Abstract: A cable arrangement with two pairs of conductors for two separate circuits, one conductor of a pair is split into two partial conductors. Neutralization, i.e., capacitive and inductive uncoupling of the two circuits is possible by symmetrical arrangement of the conductors.

Abstract: Manufacture of a semiconductor array of integrated silicon-germanium heterobipolar transistors having a silicon collector layer, a silicon-germanium base layer, a silicon emitter layer and a silicon emitter contact layer includes depositing in a single uninterrupted process and simultaneously doping the collector layer, the base layer, the emitter layer and the emitter contact layer. A base connection region is formed at the side of the base layer such that the intersection surfaces of the base/emitter/PN boundary layer and of the base/collector PN boundary layer with the surface of the semiconductor array are outside the silicon-germanium base layer. A silicon dioxide layer is formed by thermal oxidation over the entire exposed surface of the semiconductor array.

Abstract: A method of determining a set value of the assisting force in a power steering system reduces the assisting force in the power steering system as a function of the steering angular velocity (LWG). An estimate of the general driving situation with respect to the cornering force taking place by a variable representing a set value (a.sub.yset) of the lateral acceleration is derived from the steering angle (LW), by determining a variable representing the lateral acceleration (a.sub.y) and by deriving a critical driving state from a deviation of the variable representing the lateral acceleration (a.sub.y) from the variable representing the set value (a.sub.yset) of the lateral acceleration above a threshold value. The reduction of the assisting force in the power steering system as a function of the steering angular velocity LWG takes place only as long as the critical driving state is detected.

Abstract: A method for displaying the impending danger due to speed associated with the driving situation of a vehicle and a display appliance for carrying out the method are described. In accordance with the method, a degree of danger is defined and calculated and displayed to the driver of a vehicle and, in fact, independently of whether the vehicle, as following vehicle, is driving too close to a vehicle in front or other obstacle (distance problem) or is driving too fast in fog (visual range problem). The signals necessary for this purpose are obtained from vehicle environment sensors, for example from a distance warning radar or distance recording radar and an infrared visual range measuring system, and are analyzed, together with vehicle condition signals, by a safety computer.

Abstract: A device for reducing drag in a rear region of a vehicle by extracting air through openings in a rear wall by blowers and blowing the air through further openings located a line of separation of the vehicle.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for an integrated millimeter wave circuit wherein a Schottky diode and an HFET are produced in a quasi-planar arrangement from a semiconductor layer sequence. Due to the quasi-planar arrangement, the manufacturing process is simplified since particularly the contact regions of the Schottky diode and the HFET are produced simultaneously.

Abstract: A suspension system for motor vehicles has each wheel assigned a spring and a hydraulic unit and arranged in series with the latter. The ground clearance of the vehicle body can thus be altered wheel-by-wheel. A hydraulic feed system enables hydraulic fluid to be displaced between hydraulic units and allows pitching and rolling movements of the vehicle body to be counteracted.

Abstract: A method that can be used not only for elimination of noise, for example in automatic speech recognition, but also to improve the voice quality for people, for instance during use of the speaker function of a car phone. The noise reduction is executed with two or multiple channels in such a manner that the temporal and architectural acoustical signal properties of speech and interference are utilized step-by-step and systematically. According to the method a pivotable, acoustic directional lobe is produced for the individual voice channels by respective digital directional filters and a linear phase estimation to correct for a phase difference between the two channels. The noise in the individual voice channels is estimated during speaking pauses, and the temporally stationary noise sources are damped by means of spectral subtraction. The individual voice channels are subsequently added whereby the statistical disturbances of spectral subtraction are averaged.

Abstract: Described is a sub-calibre projectile of the sabot (pusher-plate) type with discarding cap segments (11). The projectile has a pressure plate (15) with a rearwards-projecting alignment spike (16) which is inserted into a pressure piece (18). Held between the pressure plate (15) and the pressure piece (18) are the bases (24, 25) of the cap segments (11), thus enabling very high gas-pressure forces to be transmitted and the cap segments to be discarded without affecting the target accuracy of the projectile.

Abstract: A process is described for manufacturing a carbon particle filter having a plurality of channels which extend in the exhaust gas flow direction and which are alternatingly sealed at the upstream and downstream end of a porous ceramic material. To minimize the time required for producing the channels, a slip-like ceramic starting material is applied to a fabric having longitudinal threads corresponding to the size location and position of the channels and extending at least in the longitudinal direction of the filter. The carbon filter body is then formed by layering the coated fabric and thereafter in the course of the ceramic firing of the carbon filter body, its inlet and outlet channels are formed by burning away the longitudinal threads.

Abstract: A gas-injection valve for injecting gaseous fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, comprising a valve housing and, disposed therein, a longitudinally displaceable piston having connected thereto a poppet valve for controlling an injection port, which poppet valve opens in the direction of gas flow, said piston separating a gas space from an operating space adapted to be pressurized by having hydraulic control fluid fed thereto by a pressure pump, and the gas pressure within the gas space alone being sufficient to move the poppet valve to and to hold it in its closed position when the operating space is depressurized.

Abstract: A method for controlling the distance between moving vehicles can be used irrespective of the type of distance detection. The driver interventions which occur in the course of a currently-maintained distance control are detected and evaluated. For this, control devices, which are actuated in the course of the normal travel mode, for example the accelerator pedal, the brake pedal, the indicator lights, etc. are monitored. Conclusions are made as to the driver's current preferences from an evaluation of detected actuations and the driver's reaction time included in the currently calculated set distance is accordingly adaptively corrected. In this manner, dead times are minimized and the most rapid possible adaptation of the distance between vehicles to changing driving behavior of the driver is achieved. As a result, a significantly improved acceptance of a corresponding automatic distance control can be detected.

Abstract: A wind guard is disclosed for a convertible which is arranged behind a row of seats, extends up beyond this row of seats and runs over the entire width of the interior space and which is formed by a stretched, elastically deformable net which effects a retardation of the air flow appearing from the rear. To further develop a net used here, with regard to an optimum influence on the air flow appearing from the rear, the portion of the clear passage openings to the total net area is about 30 to 35%, the individual passage openings are defined all round by webs extending approximately at right angles to one another and having a round to oval cross-sectional shape, and the wall thickness of the webs is about 0.15 to 0.3 mm.