Abstract: In a multi-cylinder internal-combustion engine, bearing shell and bearing cap of the bearings for the crankshaft are decoupled from the side walls of the cylinder block which form the crankcase. The bearing shells communicate with the cylinder block directly through column elements. The resilience of the column elements relieves the cylinder block of any transverse flexure by crankshaft forces and reduces the generation of noise.

Abstract: A blade for liquid friction couplings consists of a disc (1), which is formed in its effective end faces with a plurality of substantially radially extending interruptions (4, 4'). To increase the torque limit without a loss of strength and without an increase of the blade spacing, the interruptions consist of grooves (4, 4'). The grooves (4) on one end face are staggered from the grooves (4') on the other end face.

Abstract: The apparatus for removing branches from and for crosscutting treetrunks comprises a frame, which is adapted to be suspended from a lifting tackle and is provided with grippers for engaging the treetrunk from below, with a longitudinal feeding device for moving the treetrunk in its longitudinal direction, with branch-removing tools, which are spaced around the treetrunk, and with a crosscutting tool, which is movable transversely to the direction of the longitudinal feed movement and preferably consists of a circular saw. In order to increase in a simple manner the field of application of the crosscutting tool, the frame is provided not only with the longitudinal feeding device but also with a rotating device for a rotary feeding of the treetrunk.

Abstract: An all-wheel driven motor vehicle capable of operating in an understeering or an oversteering condition comprises a front axle, a rear axle, and an interaxle differential comprising a planetary gear system, a releasable coupling, and a liquid friction coupling. The planetary gear system includes an input member connected to the motor of the vehicle, a first output member connected to the front axle, and a second output member connected to the rear axle. The releasable coupling interconnects the first and second output members. The liquid friction coupling is disposed between the first output member and the front axle. The three-torque transmitting members of the planetary gear system are selected so that when the releasable coupling is disengaged, the vehicle operates in an understeering condition under normal running conditions.

Abstract: A sealing passage arrangement for a pipeline through a wall aperture in a housing of an internal combustion-engine is disclosed. The sealing passage arrangement is attached so as to be sealed by its housing edge delimiting the open side of the housing on a receiving surface and is constructed so that the disassembly of the housing can be done without previously stripping down the pipeline. A pipe connection is provided inside the housing before the housing is assembled, and an arrangement of the seal element in the wall aperture which can be effected simply, are provided. It is proposed for this purpose to construct the housing aperture extending from the housing edge into the housing wall, to provide in the latter a two-part seal element, to arrange one part of the latter upright on the receiving surface and to bring it into engagement with the other part retained in the edge aperture and to extend the pipeline between the two seal element parts.

Abstract: The stabilizer of the present invention has a divided torsion bar, the parts of which can be controllably coupled together or separated from one another by a clutch arrangement. The clutch arrangement is switched to the operative condition when a relatively large transverse acceleration of the vehicle occurs or is anticipated. In this arrangement, the value of the transverse acceleration to be expected is preferably determined from the particular steering angle or the particular rate at which the steering angle changes as well as the particular driving speed by means of a computer controlling the clutch arrangement.

Abstract: A plastic suction cup is disclosed which has an interior collecting pocket, which is slotted in axial direction, for repairing minor damage to laminated safety glass. In its wall, the plastic suction cup has a thinner spot which is provided for the piercing by a hollow needle. This piercing point is located opposite the axial slot of the collecting pocket in such a manner that it can be reached by the hollow needle.

Abstract: A radiator cover for motor vehicles is used for fastening a radiator grill which is provided to protect and cover a heat exchanger arranged behind it for the engine cooling water. The radiator cover is fastened to the engine hood. A flush surface configuration between the radiator cover and the engine hood is advantageous for aerodynamic reasons. Known radiator covers are produced from metal and welded to the engine hood. Damage to the radiator cover, which involves high repair costs, occurs even in the case of minor collisions. The radiator cover according to the invention is produced from hard elastic plastic and fastened detachably to the engine hood. It projects into the region of the bumper and can execute a resilient yielding movement relative to the engine hood.

Abstract: The invention relates to a motor vehicle door with a multi-shell door body, into which a door pane running on guides can be lowered. An inner wall of the door body extends essentially with a closed surface over the height of the door body, while an outer wall of the door body is divided along a horizontal joining line and has a removable anti-ram trim as a lower wall portion. A transverse reinforcement which extends in the direction of the depth of the motor vehicle door is arranged in the region near the joining line, and starting from the upper wall portion of the outer wall.

Abstract: A hand-held firearm comprises a receiver, a barrel, which is detachably mounted in said receiver, a firing mechanism and a slider, which during the loading and/or firing operation cooperates with the firing mechanism and is mounted in said receiver for a movement in the longitudinal direction of said barrel against the force of a return spring, wherein the barrel is detachably mounted in a locking sleeve, which is fixed to the housing, the barrel has been locked in said sleeve by a rotary movement. Said housing is provided with a barrel bearing, a bushing is mounted in said barrel holder in front of the forward end of the path for said slider, and said barrel extends through said bushing.

Abstract: In a method for the detection of blemishes on the surface of an object, e.g. for the detection of blemishes in the paintwork on the surface of a motor vehicle body, a strip of light is produced on the surface by means of a lighting system, and this strip of light is moved over the surface by relative movement between the lighting system and the surface; strip-like sections of the surface of the object are in each case recorded stepwise in the region of the strip of light, the step size of successive recordings being smaller than the width of the strip of light. In an apparatus for carrying out this method, the lighting system comprises at least one lighting unit with a light exit window, and the recording system comprises at least one sensor unit with a light entry window, the light exit window and the light entry window being arranged closely adjacent.

Abstract: A valve device is disclosed for an aeration and air evacuation pipe leading away from a motor fuel tank. In a known valve device for aerating and evacuating air from a motor fuel tank, a positive pressure valve is provided, the closing force of which is generated by a compression spring which is braced against its valve element. This closing force generally corresponds to the positive pressure value of a water column of 300 to 400 mm. Such a positive pressure valve is therefore unsuitable for aeration and air evacuation devices in which the required positive pressure value is very low, only approximately 80 mm WG for example, for safety and functional considerations, and correct functioning of the valve element of the positive pressure valve is required to be ensured even at low temperatures.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a stiffening of a surface portion of a flexible roof skin of a vehicle, which comprises a reinforcing section arranged at the roof skin and matched flexurally elastically to a curve of the roof skin in the surface portion. To prevent the effect of so-called roof skin fluttering, the reinforcing section can be subjected to stress by means of a tensioning device in such a way that it can be changed from a bent position thereof to a more sharply curved tensioning position when the roof skin is closed.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve for air-compressing internal combustion engines comprises a nozzle holder, a nozzle body and a pintle, which is operable by the application of fuel pressure against the force of a closing spring, which is accommodated in a spring chamber of the nozzle holder. The pintle cooperates with a damper, which comprises a fuel-filled damper chamber, which opens into a constricted passage. A separate damper piston is interposed between the pintle and the damper chamber and enters the damper chamber and is non-positively connected to the pintle. To provide an inexpensive and highly effective damper, either the damper chamber is formed in an adapter, which defines that end of the spring chamber of the nozzle holder which is adjacent to the pintle, the adapter contains the damper piston, which is used to transmit force between the closing spring and the pintle.

Abstract: A trigger mechanism, particularly for sports pistols, comprises a trigger lever, which carries a trigger blade and is biased by a spring having a variable initial stress and opposing the pull-off movement of the trigger lever. The mechanism also comprises a sear, which cooperates with the trigger lever, and a catch lever, which is adapted to retain the spring-loaded striker and to interlock with the sear in a catching position. The trigger lever is movable against the sear against the spring force.

Abstract: Divided flywheel arrangements are disclosed with a spring arrangement, and preferably also a slip clutch arrangement, accommodated in a lubricant bath, which is formed by an annular space limited radially outwards only by parts which are stationary relative to one another. Centrifugal forces acting on the lubricant cannot therefore force the lubricant against seals between mutually movable parts. Certain disclosed arrangements do not accommodate these parts in a lubricant bath.

Abstract: In a clutch toothing of a shift clutch, mutually confronting tooth ends of the clutch teeth of two clutch rings are equipped, for the axial insertion of the clutch teeth, with two angled unequal length sloping faces, which sloping faces have an equal length along the direction of the clutch axis and a common vertex. One clutch ring and a synchronizing ring mounted on the clutch rings so as to be rotatably and axially movable to a limited extent are equipped with matching blocking faces. The blocking faces of the respective rings likewise have the same axial extent along the axial direction of the clutch axis.

Abstract: A method is described for testing the serviceability of a seismic torsional vibration damper. In the method, a test piece, which is constructed as a viscosity torsional vibration damper and whose seismic mass is enclosed entirely liquid-tight, is flanged to the free end of a torsion-spring bar, which, in its turn, is bolted in a torsionally stiff manner onto a large stationary mass. The test piece is excited to a free, decaying natural vibration by a rotational impulse. The damping factor of the decaying response vibration is determined separately for each period by routine measurement of the amplitudes of vibration. For "healthy" test pieces, the sequence of the damping factors determined must fall in value and lie inside a predetermined falling scatter band. Should the characteristic of the damping factor be of a different type, this indicates that the viscous damping medium has aged more or less strongly and provides a measure of the serviceability of the test piece.

Abstract: Flywheel elements are coupled by a spring arrangement having an intermediate support which is connected resiliently to one flywheel element by long-stroke arcuate helicoidal springs and to the other flywheel element through short-stroke springs. A stop spring device becomes operative between the intermediate support and the one flywheel element in the case of major relative rotations. Additionally or alternatively, a slip coupling which exhibits play may also be arranged. At higher speeds, the long-stroke springs abut bearing surfaces. The friction thereby caused produces a stiffening of the long stroke springs. The mobility of the flywheel elements relative to each other therefore increases with decreasing speed.

Abstract: In a brake pressure setting device suitable for both an antilocking control system and a drive slip control system, a pressure modulator unit designed as a stepped cylinder is provided with a modulation chamber which can be connected to the main brake pipe of the brake circuit of the driven vehicle wheels and a control pressure space separated from the modulation chamber by the modulator piston. The control pressure space can be connected to a pressure outlet of an auxiliary pressure source or alternatively to its non-pressurized sump tank. The modulator piston is urged by a return spring into a position corresponding to maximum volume of the modulation chamber. Connecting the control pressure space to the pressure outlet of auxiliary pressure source moves the piston into an end position corresponding to a minimum volume of the modulation chamber.