Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine includes using a 3-front combustion method. When the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber the fuel flows through an injection element with a hydraulic flow of more than 1000 cubic centimeters per 60 seconds and under an injection pressure of 100 bar and 1 liter capacity per cylinder if the internal combustion engine is used in a truck application. The fuel flows through the injection element with a hydraulic flow of more than 1900 cubic centimeters per 60 seconds and under an injection pressure of 100 bar and 1 liter capacity per cylinder if the internal combustion engine is used in a car application.

Abstract: A multi-stage transmission having at least four planetary gear stages which are disposed one behind the other along a main axis of rotation and which in each case have a sun gear, a planetary gear support, and a ring gear is disclosed. The multi-stage transmission has a bearing which supports the sun gear of the second planetary gear stage and the ring gear of the third planetary gear stage axially with respect to one another.

Abstract: A method and a control assembly for operating an exhaust gas system of a motor vehicle is disclosed. Measuring values are evaluated, which indicate a content of nitrogen oxides in an exhaust gas downstream of a catalytic device. The catalytic device is adapted to diminish the content of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas produced by an engine of the motor vehicle. Based on the measuring values a quality of a reducing agent supplied to the catalytic device is assessed. The method includes determining whether reducing agent has been filled into a storage tank. A plurality of measuring values is captured during a predetermined period of time, and a magnitude and a frequency of the plurality of measuring values are taken into account to assess the quality of the reducing agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tank valve (4) for installation on a compressed gas container (3), having a base body (5), having a shared gas connection (16) for refueling/extraction, which is divided inside the base body (5) into a refueling line (24) and an extraction line (25) as part of an extraction path, and having an extraction valve (9) in the extraction line (25). The tank valve according to the invention is characterized in that a check valve (26) is arranged in the extraction path in series with the extraction valve (9), blocking the flow against the flow direction (A) when gas is extracted.

Abstract: A travel route selection system includes a map information acquisition unit for acquiring map information including transportation route information about a plurality of transportation routes; an electric power consumption map storage unit adapted to prestore a drive-time electric power consumption map used to estimate electric power consumption of an electric truck running on a predetermined route at a predetermined average vehicle speed; an average vehicle speed estimation unit for estimating an average vehicle speed during running on each of the plurality of transportation routes; an electric power consumption estimation unit for estimating electric power consumption on each of the plurality of transportation routes based on the average vehicle speed and on the electric power consumption map; and an optimal route selection unit for selecting an optimal route based on fundamental information including information about the electric power consumption on each of the plurality of transportation routes.

Abstract: An air intake system for a commercial vehicle is disclosed. The air intake system includes a hood with at least one frontal intake opening through which air to be guided to an engine of the commercial vehicle can flow and with at least one plenum configured to receive air flowing through the intake opening. The air intake system further includes at least one air pipe having at least one air duct with at least one inlet opening through which the air flowing through the frontal intake opening can flow, the air duct arranged upstream of and fluidically connected with the plenum so as to guide the air to and into the plenum. The air intake system additionally includes at least one air filter and at least one silencer plate arranged upstream of the air filter, the silencer plate having a plurality of through openings through which the air can flow.

Abstract: An intermediate shell for a motor vehicle door, in particular a side door of a motor vehicle, is disclosed. The intermediate shell is produced at least in regions from a light metal blank by massive forming, preferably by forging.

Abstract: A casting component, in particular for a combustion engine of a motor vehicle, having at least one cavity formed by a lost casting core, where a porous metal body molded in the cavity is formed by the casting core, is disclosed. Furthermore, the casting core for such a casting component is formed by casting a metal, in particular an aluminum alloy, together with a salt. Finally, a method for the production of such a casting component or of such a casting core is also disclosed.

Abstract: An extraction valve for overpressurized gas flowing from a compressed gas reservoir is disclosed. The extraction valve has a valve seat carrier, including a conical valve seat emerging centrally into an outflow chamber. An extraction piston, which is mobile in its axial direction at least indirectly via an electromagnetic coil, includes a valve body cooperating with the valve seat. An inflow chamber for the pressurized gas is designed totally or partially on the circumference of a central axis of the extraction piston and is connected in the axial direction of the extraction piston against a flow direction of the gas when the extraction piston is in the open position, between the valve seat and the valve body via an intermediate connection with an intermediate volume which includes a connection with the region in which the valve seat and the valve body co-operate.

Abstract: A profile part is disclosed. The profile part has a plurality of layers, each having a fiber reinforced plastic, where at least two layers differ in terms of at least one of the parameters characterizing the layers.

Abstract: A front-end carrier for a passenger vehicle is disclosed. The front-end carrier has at least one cross member element and at least two lateral strut elements which are connected to one another via the cross member element and extend downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle away from the cross member element. Via the strut elements, the front-end carrier can be supported on a main longitudinal support plane of the passenger vehicle. At least one further load plane is above the main longitudinal support plane and below the cross member element.

Abstract: A structure of an underrun protection bound to a plurality of brackets disposed at the front or rear portion of a frame of a vehicle is disclosed. A hollow having a closed section is defined by a distal face of a longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a proximal face of the longitudinal direction, an upper face, and a lower face. Lightening holes are formed on at least one of the upper face and the lower face of the underrun protection.

Abstract: A wear-resistant coating made from an iron alloy composition on brake disc brake surfaces is disclosed. The wear-resistant coating has 0.5 to 2% by weight C, 3 to 13% by weight Al and a residual portion of Fe supplementing the 100% by weight. A method for coating the brake disc is also disclosed.

Abstract: An exhaust gas after-treatment unit includes a first catalytic converter, a particle filter arranged downstream of the first catalytic converter, and a second catalytic converter arranged downstream of the particle filter and which is a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalytic converter. The first catalytic converter is a combination catalytic converter including a first catalytic converter part which is an SCR catalytic converter, a second catalytic converter part arranged downstream of the first catalytic converter part which is an ammonia slip catalytic converter and has a noble metal layer with a first noble metal content, a third catalytic converter part arranged downstream of the second catalytic converter part which is an oxidation catalytic converter and has a noble metal layer with a second noble metal content, and an SCR layer arranged on the noble metal layers and extending over the entire length of the second and third catalytic converter parts.

Abstract: A separator for an electrochemical storage system, which is arrangeable between an anode and a cathode of the electrochemical storage system, is disclosed. The separator is formed from a semipermeable carrier material. The carrier material is formed from a fiberglass fleece where at least one surface side of the fiberglass fleece facing a cathode is modified in such a way that it is impermeable for an active material of the cathode. A method for the production of a separator is also disclosed.

Abstract: A valve train device, in particular for an internal combustion engine, includes at least one camshaft which has at least one cam element with at least one multi-track cam. The cam element is provided to be axially displaced by a maximum displacement path. The valve train device further includes a limiting mechanism which is provided to limit in at least one operating state the displacement path of the cam element to a switching path of the switching operation.