Abstract: The invention concerns a hydraulic steering arrangement with a hydraulically actuated steering valve arrangement, steering motor connections (CL, CR), which are connected to supply connections (HP, T) via the steering valve arrangement, and a steering unit. It is endeavoured to equalize in a simple manner the steering behaviour in both directions. For this purpose, it is ensured that the steering valve arrangement has a directional valve and a flow control valve.

Abstract: A method for starting a battery driven motor, wherein an input voltage is measured continuously. In case the input voltage becomes smaller than a predefined minimum voltage the attempt to start the motor is stopped and the maximum permitted current level to be supplied from the battery to an electronic unit of the motor is lowered before the next attempt. This is repeated until the input voltage is larger than the minimum voltage and the motor is no longer in start-up mode. The method protects the battery from collapsing. The method is suitable for starting battery driven motors for driving compressors. The number of attempted start-up sequences may be counted and on the basis of this it may be determined that the battery is weak or that the wiring is misdimensioned. Furthermore, a control system for controlling starting of a motor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus for delivering a controlled or restricted flow of liquid and limiting bubble fragmentation at the inlet. This is achieved in flow restrictor with a flow channel having over most of its length a substantially constant, minimum hydraulic diameter D=4A/W wherein A is the minimum local cross-sectional area of the channel and W is the minimum local wetting perimeter of the channel, by smoothly widening the channel at its inlet such that: at distances z from the inlet face with 0<z<z1, the channel has a hydraulic diameter Dz?k*D wherein k?1.3; at distances z from the inlet face with z1<z<z2, the channel has a hydraulic diameter Dz with k*D?Dz?D; and at distances z from the inlet face with z2<z, the channel has a hydraulic diameter Dz with Dz?1.02D, except possibly for a similar widening of the channel at the outlet.

Abstract: A hydrostatic module is disclosed, including a pair of shafts rotatably supported by a frame. Two yokes are pivotally mounted on the frame, each having complimentary surfaces to the other yoke and to the frame, minimizing the space occupied by the yokes. Stop means are provided on the yokes and on the frame to limit the pivotal movement of the yokes. A hydrostatic power unit is carried by each yoke, each connected to one of the shafts. A control system, having a single piece control housing containing servo pistons, pivots the yokes. The servo pistons independently determine the orientation of the yokes. A single piece fluid control porting plate is secured to the control housing to route hydraulic fluid to multiple locations within the control housing. A fluid manifold serves as a main structural element, with intimate proximity between the manifold and the control housing allowing simplified fluid exchange therebetween.

Abstract: In the housing 1 of a hydraulic machine, the pressure Pi acts in the chamber 2. For this purpose, a passage opening 4 is provided, which is formed as a valve seat 5. A valve body 6 can be displaced longitudinally in the housing 1 and forms a pressure-tight spring chamber for an inner valve spring 21. The spring chamber is connected to the chamber 2 via a pressure equalizing hole 9. The prestress of the inner valve spring 21 can be set by means of a setting screw 18. In addition, there is an outer valve spring 22. Both the valve springs load the valve body 6 with the effect of closing it. The pressure equalizing valve described combines a compact design with an advantageous flow characteristic. When a maximum value of p1 is reached, the valve body 6 lifts off the valve seat 5 and hydraulic fluid from the chamber 2 flows away via the valve chamber 3.

Abstract: The invention concerns a hydraulic steering arrangement with a steering motor, a supply path between a pressure source and the steering motor, in which supply path a throttling device and a measuring motor are located, a return path between the steering motor and a pressure sink, in which return path a return throttle is located, and a bypass path, which connects the supply path and the return path on the pressure source end or the pressure sink end, respectively, and which has a bypass throttle. It is endeavoured to make such steering arrangements suitable for fast motorboats. For this purpose it is ensured that with a load on the steering motor the pressure drop over the bypass throttle is larger than the sum of the pressure drops between a point before the first throttle and a point after the last throttle of the throttling device.

Abstract: A nozzle (100) for air-assisted atomizing of a liquid fuel comprises a fuel feed passage (110) and an air feed passage (114) and a swirling chamber (118) from which fuel and air may be passed to an exit orifice (126) for emerging a cone shaped spray. An air bypass passage (122) is provided for leading a fraction of the air flow in the air feed passage (114) past the swirling chamber (118) and to an air exit (124) arranged such with respect to the exit orifice (126) that, during operation of the nozzle, air emerging through the air exit (124) reduces depositing of residues of fuel on a downstream surface (130, 132, 136) of the nozzle element (108). Grooves or other flow-guiding elements may confer swirling or rotation of air in or downstream of the air feed passage (114) and/or the air bypass passage (122).

Abstract: An implant and a process of modifying an implant surface, which implant is in particular a hip implant, a tooth implant, a bone screw, fixation pin or a fixation nail (pin-fixation), comprising a metallic base body, which implant has a surface modified by a material containing a tissue-friendly metal, such as tantalum or niobium, for the formation of a surface modification where at least the tissue-friendly metal is alloyed with the surface and constitutes a uniform, diffusion-tight outer zone on the body, which outer zone has a higher ductility than the metallic base body in order to obtain a tissue-friendly implant with increased fatigue strength.

Abstract: A hydraulic steering arrangement includes a steering valve, a steering motor, connected with a high-pressure connection and a low-pressure connection via the steering valve, and with a steering unit, connected via the steering valve with a pilot pressure valve, whose outlet is connected with the low-pressure connection. It is endeavoured to improve the steering behaviour. For this purpose, the pilot pressure valve is opened, before the steering valve creates a connection between the high-pressure connection and the steering motor.

Abstract: A process for electrochemical deposition of tantalum on an article in an inert, non-oxidizing atmosphere, or under vacuum, in a molten electrolyte containing tantalum ions, comprising the steps of: immersing the article into the molten electrolyte heated to a working temperature, passing an electric current through the electrolyte to thereby deposit a tantalum coating on the article, wherein the process of tantalum deposition at least in an initial phase deposits pure ?-tantalum.

Abstract: A power switching assembly includes a circuit board mounted on an insulating substrate, a power switching transistor having a mounting surface mounted to the circuit board and a top surface located opposite the mounting surface, and a heat sink associated with the top surface of the power switching transistor, the heat sink operating to dissipate thermal energy from the top surface of the power switching transistor. The power switching assembly forms a part of a current inverter electrically connected between a direct current power source and an alternating current motor on a vehicle. The current inverter is adapted to converts DC current into three phase AC energy.

Abstract: In the stationary part (1) of an axial piston machine, a first flow duct (2) and second flow duct (5) intersect with the central axes (3) and (6). A valve body (20) having a valve cone (21) and a tubular guide piston which can be displaced in relation to the valve cone is situated in the extension of the central axis (3) of the first flow duct (2). The valve body (21) bears against a first valve seat (4) which is surrounded by an expanded section (7). The entire valve body (20) moves in a tubular partial housing (9) which is connected to the stationary part (1) in a sealed manner via a seal (11), a screw connection (10) and a flange (12) which rests on a shoulder (13) of the stationary part (1). A first compression spring (27) and a second compression spring (28) serve to support the valve body (20) and its parts in relation to one another. An extension stem (22) passes through the tubular guide piston and guides the second compression spring (28).

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic pump or hydraulic motor having a rotating shaft, which is mounted in a fixed position in a housing and on which a pulse generator is provided, and having a rotation speed sensor, which is fixed to the housing and comprises a sensor element associated with the pulse generator, the sensor element being fitted eccentrically and offset with respect to the insertion axis of the rotation speed sensor.

Abstract: The invention concerns a valve arrangement for controlling a hydraulic drive, the supply and the outflow of the hydraulic drive being separately controllable. It is endeavoured to improve the valve arrangement in such a manner that it is intrinsically tight, at the same time having a relatively simple design. For this purpose, a pump pipe and a tank pipe are connected with a first control valve, the first control valve being connected by separate pipes with a second control valve and a third control valve connected in parallel with the second control valve, the second control valve being connected with a first working connection of the hydraulic drive and the third control valve being connected with a second working connection of the hydraulic drive, backflow preventers for preventing the flow from the hydraulic drive in the direction of the tank being connected in parallel with the second control valve and/or the third control valve.

Abstract: The invention concerns a piston arrangement having a piston with a piston head and a piston skirt with a circumferential surface, and a connecting rod, which is connected with the piston via a ball joint comprising a ball, and penetrated by an oil supply channel, which is connected with a bearing surface of the ball joint.

Abstract: A backflow assembly including a housing with a passage having at least one check valve positioned therein to permit fluid flow in one direction while preventing fluid flow in the reverse direction. The check valve includes a valve head connected to a stem having an outer surface. A hump extends radially outward from the outer surface of the stem. The stem is guided by a bushing during opening and closing of the valve. The bushing includes at least one retention member that moves along the outer surface of the stem during opening and closing of the valve. The interaction between the retention member and the hump on the outer surface of the stem causes a higher friction loss during opening and closing of the valve than other portions of the outer surface.

Abstract: A backlighting display assembly for an LCD that utilizes a plurality of LEDs that are in spaced relation adjacent to the LCD such that the LEDs do not directly light the LCD and instead a reflective material such as a potted material is placed in parallel spaced alignment from the LCD and LEDs such that light is reflected off of the reflected surface to illuminate the interior LCD and open target areas of the circuit board of the assembly thus providing proper lighting for the LCD, transparent and semi-transparent areas of the graphic overlay of the control panel.

Abstract: Arranged in a hydraulic circuit is a valve with an L-shaped duct arrangement, which is formed by a transverse duct 2 and a longitudinal duct 3. Formed in extension of the longitudinal duct 3 is a holding and guiding bore 4, in which a throttling element, comprising a throttle slide 10 and a valve piston 21 that can be displaced therein, can be displaced longitudinally. The valve piston 21 has a passage hole 25, which is connected to the interior of the throttling element and two proportionate annular chambers 17a and 17b. Of these, the proportionate annular chamber 17b is connected to a pilot control valve via a control duct 19. Depending on the direction and pressure of the hydraulic fluid flowing through the L-shaped duct arrangement, the throttling element is moved in or out and extended or compressed in the process.

Abstract: An axial piston machine having a swash plate or oblique axis which can be adjusted by means of servopistons and has a valve segment and an adjustment unit for the electrically proportional adjustment of the volumetric displacement, the adjustment unit comprising proportional magnets which can be activated electrically, and a control piston for controlling the oil pressure which moves the servopistons, the proportional magnets acting on this control piston along a common tappet axis. A feedback device for feeding back the current swash plate or oblique axis valve segment position is provided. The feedback device comprises spring levers and a pointer which can be pivoted about an axis, the pointer which is embodied as a two-armed lever engaging in the control piston on one side of the pivot axis, and between the spring levers on the other side.

Abstract: A torque control for a hydrostatic piston pump that provides for a servo piston rod that is connected to the swashplate of the pump and connected to a servo piston within a first cavity that receives compensation pressure that urges the servo piston toward the swashplate. The servo piston has a stem that extends into a bore and is in contact with the stem of a maximum displacement piston that extends into a second cavity that is acted upon by system pressure to urge the maximum displacement piston toward the swashplate. Additionally, within the second cavity is a set of Bellville washers that surround the stem of the maximum displacement piston to limit the movement of the maximum displacement piston toward the swashplate.