Abstract: Amorphous thermoplastic polyamide can be combined with semicrystalline thermoplastic polyamides and toughening agents to produce molding blends having good notched Izod values in molded form.

Abstract: Apertured nonwoven fabrics prepared by hydraulic entanglement of polyethylene terephthalate staple fibers of ribbon cross-section have unusually high resistance to disentanglement when the aspect ratio of the fiber cross-section (i.e., ratio of major to minor axis) is in the range of 1.8 to 3.0.

Abstract: Addition of a selected olefin polymer to a polyamide/decabromodiphenyl ether molding resin reduces blooming in articles molded from the resins.

Abstract: A reversible mode heating and cooling system comprises a conventional reversible heat pump unit having a compressor, a reversible valve, an indoor heat exchanger in heat exchange relationship with indoor ambient air, refrigerant expansion means and an outdoor heat exchanger in heat exchange relationship with outdoor ambient air, and operatively associated therewith, an auxiliary heat exchanger in heat exchange relationship with a heat exchange fluid for enhancing the capacity and efficiency of the system to evaporate refrigerant during the heating mode and to condense refrigerant during the cooling mode. The auxiliary heat exchanger is arranged for selective parallel or simultaneous parallel and series flow of refrigerant through the auxiliary heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger to enhance the heating efficiency of the system at very low outdoor ambient temperatures and the cooling efficiency of the system at very high outdoor ambient temperatures.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing laminar articles by forming heterogeneous melts of a combination of a polyolefin and a condensation polymer incompatible with the polyolefin along with an alkylcarboxyl-substituted polyolefin as a compatibilizing material.

Abstract: Concentrated aqueous silica sols of small silica particles about 10 nm or less in diameter and uniformly sized are prepared by a process for maintaining a constant number of silica nuclei particles prior to the deposition process. The process for maintaining a constant number of silica nuclei particles in the sol consists of forming the particles at a pH 8-10.5 and a low temperature then heating the sol through a transition temperature to a deposition temperature, maintaining the pH, removing alkali metal ions and simultaneously adding alkali metal silicate from the system at a rate such that the number of silica particles in the sol remains constant while the temperature is being raised.

Abstract: Process comprising contacting and reacting a substituted or unsubstituted diolefin polyperoxide, for example, butadienepolyperoxide, with an acidic aqueous medium containing cuprous and cupric ions and a water-soluble agent which forms a water-soluble complex with cuprous ions, and recovering furan or a substituted furan from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Process for preparing a furan compound by oxidizing a diolefin, using copper as the oxidizing agent, and regenerating spent copper by electrolytic oxidation.

Abstract: Poly(ethylene terephthalate) resin and blends of poly(ethylene terephthalate) resin with other polymers are extruded while being coupled with an organic diisocyanate under conditions where carbon dioxide gas is vented smoothly, as it is formed. The extruder has a number of zones designed to perform specific functions. The temperature in the kneading zone and in the venting zone must be maintained at about 280.degree.-320.degree. C. to bring about rapid reaction and to permit efficient gas evolution and removal without thermally degrading the polymeric material. The extruded article is free of trapped gas bubbles and other imperfections. This process is particularly suitable for making PET billets, which then are stretched to form strapping useful in packaging applications.

Abstract: Perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole) forms oligomers on standing in the presence of an ether. The preferred ethers are aliphatic and cycloaliphatic, especially tetrahydrofuran. Free radical generators, especially peroxydicarbonates, may be added to the reaction medium. The oligomers have a degree of polymerization of about 2-8. They are useful as lubricants, hydraulic fluids, heat transfer agents, and plasticizers, and as intermediates to oligomeric acid fluorides and acids, which acids are useful surfactants.

Abstract: Etching solution for dot etching photopolymerized materials which comprises an organic polymeric binder having alkali soluble groups, monomer and photoinitiator, the material having an optical density in the actinic region of at least 1.0, wherein a water-soluble salt of a water-insoluble polymeric polycarboxylic acid whose acid strength is the same or less than that of the binder is present as the etching agent.

Abstract: By enzymatically modifying vegetable glycoprotein isolates with an acid proteinase such as pepsin, the glycoproteins may be converted to a vegetable isolate useful as an egg albumin replacement or whip-stabilizing agent. The enzymatic modification partially hydrolyzes the glycoproteins and compositionally alters the glycoprotein subunit and aggregate structure. The enzymatic alteration produces a glycoprotein aggregate comprised of a plurality of subunits having saliently different physical and functional properties from that of the vegetable protein precursor source materials. The enzymatically modified vegetable isolates are capable of forming firm, white, opaque heat-set gels similar to those of egg albumin. The enzymatically modified glycoproteins are compatible with salt-containing recipes and functionally useful over a broad pH range.

Abstract: A process for the production of an acceptably filterable viscose from cellulose whereby cellulose is treated with an aqueous solution containing 13 to 16 weight percent NaOH, peroxide aged, xanthated and dissolved in dilute aqueous NaOH.

Abstract: An acid extraction process for separating 3,4-dichloroaniline from 2,3-dichloroaniline and 2,5-dichloroaniline is disclosed. The process involves selectively forming 3,4-dichloroaniline hydrochloride, since it has a higher basicity than the other dichloroaniline isomers, in a multiple stage extraction unit. An aqueous solution of 3,4-dichloroaniline hydrochloride is removed from the multiple stage extraction unit and neutralized with a base to form an immiscible mixture of an aqueous salt solution and 3,4-dichloroaniline which are separated by decantation.

Abstract: An attachment to a dynamic mixhead allows pigment to be fully blended with a specified volumetric portion of a reactive polymer mix immediately prior to its passing through an in-line motionless mixer. The fully pigmented portion of the mix passes into the motionless mixer concurrently with the nonpigmented remainder of the polymer mix, each portion constituting a discrete stream and positioned in a manner facilitating rapid, improved blending. The pigment pre-blending attachment possesses particular utility for partial or incomplete blending applications, wherein striations of color are desired to impart a marbled effect.

Abstract: An apparatus for cutting round corners on advancing sheets. The sheets are cut from a web and advanced continuously to a transport roll provided with aligned corner-rounding assemblies located to meet the line of cut between successive sheets.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines includes an improved direct injection pump having a reciprocating metering plunger and an improved injector for atomizing and injecting the fuel into the combustion chamber. Respective moving parts of the pump and injector are supported in low friction seals free of contact with other parts and require no lubrication from the fuel pumped or from other sources so as to operate efficiently without galling on gasoline or diesel engines on any combustible fuel or any combination of such fuels. The pump includes a housing provided at one end with a fuel chamber of a predetermined capacity that has a single opening for receiving fuel from a source of supply through a valved fuel inlet and from which opening, fuel is dispensed to the injector through a valved fuel outlet line.

Abstract: An improved colorimetric reagent is disclosed, which is adapted to the determination of the iron content in blood serum. The formulation comprises only two aqueous solutions: one of these comprises a buffer, a soluble salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, Chromazurol B, a cationic or nonionic surfactant, whereas the other solution comprises a complexing agent and possibly the same ingredients of the chromogenic reagent for hindering the formation of the disturbing complex between chromazurol B, the surfactant and the iron: the complexing agent is a polycarboxylic acid or a salt thereof.

Abstract: In-line continuous coagulation and agglomeration of fluoroelastomers produced by emulsion polymerization permits direct processing of fluoroelastomer latex into mechanical dewatering devices. Coagulant is injected into the fluoroelastomer latex countercurrent and under high pressure atomization and residence time prior to mechanical dewatering is controlled.

Abstract: Hollow filaments having longitudinal grooves and ridges that are readily split along the grooves and are especially adapted for use in a flocking process to form flocked products with a surface similar to suede. The hollow filaments have a denier of about 0.8 to about 3.35 and have a void area of 15 to 30% of the total area of the cross section of the fiber.