Abstract: The disclosure is directed to increasing ice nucleation activity of liquids and gases by using lichens, fungi, and ice nuclei derived from lichen fungi. The invention is particularly useful for snowmaking, cloud seeding, and other industrial freezing and cooling processes.

Abstract: A method is provided for preparing benzoprostacyclins by the free-radical-catalyzed tandem alkene insertion into a 1,4-bisoxy-substituted cyclopent-2-ene intermediate.

Abstract: The invention relates to the synthesis of ammonia-haloboranes, and in particular, H.sub.3 NBH.sub.2 Cl, which materials are useful for the produciton of amorphous boron nitride and crystalline turbostratic boron nitride by heating.

Abstract: A method for obtaining high quality images in dual energy digital subtraction angiography (DSA) with reduced signal to noise ratio (SNR) while simultaneously reducing patient X-ray exposure utilizes a larger aperture for the low-energy beam to obtain a lower patient exposure and a smaller aperture for the high-energy X-ray beam to obtain a decrease in image noise.

Abstract: The present invention provides a substantially pure integrin-type receptor characterized in that it consists of an .alpha..sub.v and a .beta..sub.1 subunit. The .alpha..sub.v .beta..sub.1 integrin binds to fibronectin and GRGDSPK but does not bind to vitronectin. The .alpha..sub.v .beta..sub.1 integrin can be used to determine the presence of a .alpha..sub.v .beta..sub.1 ligand and to develop adhesion peptides specific for the various integrins. The presence of the .alpha..sub.v .beta..sub.1 integrin can be used to assess ability of cells to adhere to fibronectin.

Abstract: An active vibration control device for controlling vibration in a cantilevered member and a method for the same are disclosed. The device is comprised of a cantilevered member having a longitudinal axis comprising a sensor mounted near the free end of the member to measure motion of the member in a transverse direction and to produce a corresponding signal. A force generating assembly is mounted to the member near the free end to oppose the measured motion with a force thereby minimizing subsequent motion along the transverse axis caused by vibration.

Abstract: A Reed-Solomon Galois Field Euclid algorithm error correction decoder solves Euclid's algorithm with a Euclid stack which can be configured to function as a Euclid divide or a Euclid multiply module. The decorder is able to resolve twice the erasure errors by selecting .GAMMA.(x) and T(x) as the initial conditions for .LAMBDA..sup.(0) (x) and .OMEGA..sup.(0) (x), respectively.

Abstract: At least seven genes have been identified which encode proteins generally identified as pregnancy specific protein (SP1), also known as pregnancy specific beta glycoprotein (PSBG). These genes have been found using human placental SP1 labelled cDNA in a number of mammalian species, including human, baboon, cow, sheep, goat, pig and rat, and non-mammalian species, including fish and bird. The genes are classified on the basis of their nucleotide sequence, structure, glycosylation sites, restriction enzyme mapping, and tissue of origin. Genes have been found in cells of human placenta origin (three groups); in intestinal cells; in cells of both testis and placental origin; in tissue of testis origin; and in HeLa cells. One clone encodes a SP1-like protein which is specifically found in placenta aThe United States Government has rights in this invention by virtue of National Institute of Health funding Grant No. HD21793.

Abstract: A method for the production of metal oxide ceramic membranes is composed of very small pore size. The process is particularly useful in the creation of titanium and other transition metal oxide membranes. The method utilizes a sol-gel process in which the rate of particle formation is controlled by substituting a relatively large alcohol in the metal alkoxide and by limiting the available water. Stable, transparent metal oxide ceramic membranes are created having a narrow distribution of pore size, with the pore diameter being manipulable in the range of 5 to 40 Angstroms.

Abstract: The cloning of a eucaryotic promoter-regulatory region that functions preferentially in human cells is disclosed. The invention is exemplified by the cloning of a section of the human cytomegalovirus genome comprising a DNA sequence with regulatory and promoter signals and an initiation site for RNA synthesis. The fragment, termed the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) promoter-regulatory sequence, was obtained from purified HCMV DNA.

Abstract: The presence of anomalies is detected in exfoliated cells (e.g. in a cervical smear) using infrared spectroscopy. A beam of infrared light is directed at specimens containing cells, which may be secretions, exudates, transudates, scrapings, brushings or otherwise obtained populations of exfoliated cells of various organs or tissues, and the anomaly is detected at at least one range of frequencies by determining whether changes in infrared absorption has occurred which is due to functional group vibration in, for example, phosphodiester groups of nucleic acids, COH groups of tissue proteins, carbohydrates, or due to special arrangements of lipid molecules or abnormal lipid structures, present in the specimen.

Abstract: A genetic element comprising an expression vector and a gene coding for transketolase is utilized to enhance diversion of carbon resources into the common aromatic pathway.

Abstract: A monoclonal antibody specific for enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and 026:H11 is produced by immunizing BALB/c mice with a strain of E coli 0157:H7. The antibody reacts strongly by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a 13,000 dalton molecular weight outer membrane protein of strains of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and 026:H11.

Abstract: The invention provides a new aggregation pheromone for the bark beetle Ips pini identified as lanierone. Lanierone is the compound 4,4,6-trimethyl-2-hydroxy-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-one and can be used, for example, to attract or trap bark beetles for monitoring or controlling the reproduction of the bark beetles.

Abstract: Certain strains of Trichoderma and Gliocladium protect plants against diseases caused by Phytophthora spp. when applied to root system biosphere, e.g., P. cactorum caused root rot and crown and collar rot in apple tree seedlings and P. sojae caused stem and root rot in soybeam plants.

Abstract: An immune response-enhancing guanosine analog derivative having a structure that conforms to the formula ##STR1## wherein Z is oxygen (O) or sulfur (S); X is oxygen (O), sulfur (S) selenium (Se) or cyanimino (NCN); and R.sub.1 is an aldoglycoside is disclosed. Also disclosed are a composition containing the guanosine analog derivative as active ingredient and a method of using the composition for immunostimulation.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid-substituted polyaniline salt compositions, processes for their preparation and uses therefor are disclosed. The sulfonated polyaniline salt compositions have fast electronic and optical responses to electrochemical potentials, improved environmental stability, and improved solubility. A process for producing the sulfonated polyaniline salt compositions comprises reacting a sulfonated polyaniline polymer with an aqueous basic solution. The sulfonated polyaniline compositions are useful for absorption of electromagnetic radiation, as a high density erasable data storage medium for use in information storage and processing applications, and to provide electronic, chemical, electrochemical, and optical microelectronic devices which use and control the chemical and physical properties of the sulfonated polyaniline salt compositions.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for the noninvasive and nondestructive detection of microorganisms within a liquid product contained within a sealed vial. The apparatus includes a near-IR light source that produces both incident and reference beams having a wavelength between 800 and 2500 nm and, more preferably, 1100 and 1360 nm. The apparatus also includes an integrating sphere having incident and reference beam ports and a sample window opposite the incident beam port. A detector is mounted in the integrating sphere substantially adjacent the sample window. A substantially U-shaped mirror is provided to hold the vial. The U-shaped mirror is of a size substantially corresponding to the diameter of the vial. In operation, the incident beam is directed through a sample window so as to enter the vial adjacent a sidewall of the mirror. In this way the U-shaped mirror reflects the incident beam so that it passes through the vial three times before returning to the detector.

Abstract: A new and distinct variety of sweet cherry tree, which bears medium size (average 9 grams in weight), bright, glossy red fruits. Its high quality, attractive fruits ripen about early to mid-Lambert season (5 days after Bing) and are much firmer than Lambert. The tree possesses a broad, spreading habit of growth, being much less upright in growth habit than either Lambert or Bing.

Abstract: A new and distinct variety of self-fertile sweet cherry tree which bears large to very large (up to 16 grams in weight) mahogany colored fruits. Its exceptional high quality, heart-shaped, attractive fruits, ripen four to five days ahead of the commercially grown, Bing variety, which it is compared to herein.