Abstract: A source region and a drain region are formed in a surface layer of a semiconductor substrate on both sides of a channel region defined in the surface layer. A tunneling insulating film is formed on the channel region, the tunneling insulating film having a thickness which allows carriers to tunnel therethrough. A floating gate electrode is formed on the tunneling insulating film, the floating gate electrode being disposed so as to overlap neither the source region nor the drain region as viewed along a substrate normal direction. A gate insulating film is formed over the channel region, covering the floating gate electrode. A control gate electrode is formed on the gate insulating film, the control gate electrode being disposed so as to become in contact with, or partially overlap, the source and drain regions as viewed along the substrate normal direction.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array having a number of memory cells configured in a square or rectangular formation, the memory cell array having predetermined capacitive loads which are different at different memory locations, the capacitive loads including a smallest capacitive load and a largest capacitive load. A refresh address counter outputs a number of bit signals which constitute a refresh address signal, the refresh address signal indicating an address of a memory cell to be refreshed in the memory device, the bit signals having predetermined high/low-state change periods which are different from each other, the bit signals including a first bit signal corresponding to the smallest capacitive load and a second bit signal corresponding to the largest capacitive load.

Abstract: An electronic conference aiding system having a structure in which one common information processing apparatus having a common display unit having a size sufficiently large for attendants to commonly watch display and a plurality of personal information processing apparatuses each having a personal display unit for exclusively creating and displaying information at a position adjacent to each attendant are connected into a network through data communication passage, wherein a comment, a reference material or the like is, as an object, related to a file displayed on the common display unit or the personal display unit in such a manner that the object is displayed at an unspecific position on the file to indicate the relation as a previous step in place of immediately embedding the object at a specific position of the file. The necessity of considering the position on the displayed file can be eliminated and the object is related to the overall portion of the file when the object is displayed.

Abstract: A two-mode demodulating apparatus for use in a radio terminal in a mobile communication system has a linear reception demodulating circuit and a non-linear reception demodulating circuit which can be selectively operated by selecting a mode. The non-linear reception demodulating circuit has a second frequency converting unit for frequency-converting a received signal into a low-frequency signal, a variable-band filtering unit for allowing a signal in a desired band contained in an output of the second frequency converting unit to pass therethrough, and a non-linear reception demodulating process unit for performing a non-linear reception demodulating process on an output from the filtering unit, thereby receiving and demodulating a linear modulated wave and a non-linear modulated wave while suppressing increases of the circuit scale and the power consumption, and generalizing a hardware structure for an applied non-linear modulating system.

Abstract: A recording medium suitable for use in an impedance matching apparatus adapted to a waveguide transmitting a microwave to a load. The apparatus includes detecting diodes and a computer. The recording medium includes a program, which includes predetermined approximate expressions. The predetermined approximate expressions recorded in the program correspond to the detecting diodes. The program causes the computer to compute an approximation value of input power to the waveguide using the respective predetermined approximate expressions and output voltages of the detecting diodes.

Abstract: A locking structure for releasably locking a covering element in a closed position on a unit housing. The locking structure includes a resiliently engaging member integrally formed on the covering element, and a supporting member pivotably connected to the covering element. The resiliently engaging member includes a pair of resilient first supports projecting from the covering element, a bar connecting the respective free ends of the resilient first supports with each other and a pair of projections formed on the bar to be releasably engaged with the housing. The supporting member includes a base plate pivotably connected to the covering element and a second support extending from the base plate to be releasably engaged with the resiliently engaging member. In a locked position of the locking structure, the bar is stably supported by the second support so that the projections are kept in engagement with the housing.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus includes a shelf which includes a working card slot and a protection card slot, the working card slot supplying a first slot ID to a first card inserted in the working card slot, and the protection card slot supplying a second slot ID to a second card inserted in the protection card slot. A control logic circuit, provided within each of the first and second cards, receives one of the first slot ID or the second slot ID, a redundancy/non-redundancy R/N signal and a working/protection W/P signal, and outputs a control signal depending on the related slot ID, the R/N signal and the W/P signal. A line connection relay, provided within each of the first and second cards, connects either a working line or a protection line to an output of the related card in accordance with the control signal supplied by the control logic circuit.

Abstract: A ferroelectric memory capable of writing data at a small operation voltage has an insulated-gate field effect transistor, a ferroelectric film, and a pair of capacitor electrodes formed on the ferroelectric film and facing each other, one of the pair of capacitor electrodes being electrically connected to the insulated gate. A ferroelectric memory device with a simple structure has an insulated-gate field effect transistor including a source, a drain, and an insulated gate, and a ferroelectric capacitor connected between the drain and the insulated gate.

Abstract: An emergency call control apparatus for a mobile communication system does not disconnect, in a handoff, an emergency call from a mobile station in a service zone to which the mobile station has moved even when the radio channels are congested in the service zone. When a channel securement requesting unit in a first base station controller receives an emergency call from the mobile station, the channel securement requesting unit requests a second base station controller associated with a service zone adjacent to a service zone of a first base station to secure a radio channel. In the second base station controller, a securing unit secures an idle radio channel. When the mobile station engaging in an emergency call moves into the adjacent service zone, a connection requesting unit in the first base station controller requests the second base station controller to make a radio connection between the mobile station and the second base station through a radio channel secured by the securing unit.

Abstract: A bar-code reader having a photoelectric conversion unit for converting reflected light from a bar code into an electric signal and a changing point detecting unit for detecting, from the electric signal generated by the photoelectric conversion unit, a changing point at which a white stripe is changed to a black stripe in the bar code wherein the bar code is read based on a plurality of changing points detected by the changing point detecting unit. The bar-code reader includes a determination unit for determining, based on measurement of a distance between changing points, whether a changing point is detected as a true changing point at which a white stripe or a black stripe is changed to a black stripe or a white stripe in a bar code or as a false changing point; and a correcting unit for correcting the changing point detected as the false changing point to the true detecting point based on the changing point determined as the true changing point.

Abstract: An injection mold design method for correcting a profile of a product to be fabricated into a releasable profile from a mold to design an injection mold based on a corrected product shape, utilizing a storage device for storing information of the product shape and mold profile, a display device for displaying the product shape or the mold profile on a screen based on the information read from the storage device, an input device for inputting designation information necessary for correction of the product shape or the mold profile, and a controlling device for unloading information of lines or planes being obstructive to correction of the product shape and the mold profile in the storage device in response to the designation information input by the input device.

Abstract: A writing unit divides a sync byte into two sync bytes of a first sync byte and a second sync byte and also divides write data into two data of first data and second data and writes them. When a first sync byte pattern is detected, a reading unit demodulates the subsequent first data, second data, and an error detection correction code. When the first sync byte pattern SB1 is not detected but a second sync byte pattern SB2 is detected, the subsequent second data and error detection correction code are demodulated and the first data is reconstructed by the error detection correction code.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a plurality of light-emitting elements, each light-emitting element receiving a driving current from a power supply and converting the current into a beam; a plurality of driving elements, each driving element being interposed between the power supply and each light-emitting element and controlling the driving current based on an image signal; and a photoconductor on which the beams from the plurality of light-emitting elements form an image by scanning, wherein each light-emitting element is positioned so immediately adjacent to each driving element that a power leakage factor floating therebetween is reduced, whereby an intensity of the beam is substantially equivalent to the image signal in waveform.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for selectively reading a bar code in accordance with first and second scan patterns emitted by a scan unit. A button is manually operable by an operator for switching from the first scan pattern to a second scan pattern. A controller controls the scanning unit to switch from the first scan pattern to the second scan pattern, responsive to operation of the button by the operator and, a predetermined time after relative of the button, to switch from the second scan pattern to the first scan pattern.

Abstract: In a redundant apparatus formed of an active unit and a stand-by unit, an upper unit is connected to the active unit though the connection controller in the normal operation, and controls the connection controller to switch the active unit over to the stand-by unit when a fault has occurred in the active unit. The connection controller includes a diagnosis portion which diagnoses the stand-by unit or the active unit with a test signal and notifies the result to the upper unit.

Abstract: An integrated circuit testing device includes a flexible base of an insulating material, the base having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, an integrated circuit to be tested being bonded to the first surface. A conductive wiring layer is provided on the first or second surface of the base, the wiring layer including a plurality of projecting contacts over the first surface at positions which electrodes of the integrated circuit are connected to. An elastic member is provided beneath the second surface of the base opposite to the first surface, the elastic member having a first level of hardness. A flexible film member is provided between the second surface of the base and the elastic member, the film member having a second level of hardness higher than the first level of hardness of the elastic member.

Abstract: An electrode for a display device, including a laminate of an underlying layer, a conductive layer and a protective layer formed on a substrate in this order from the substrate side in such a manner that at least the conductive layer is completely covered by the protective layer, the underlying layer and the protective layer being composed of a metal which is hard to form an alloy or intermetallic compound with the metal constituting the conductive layer and has a low solid solubility to the conductive layer.

Abstract: It is an exemplified object of the present invention to provide a transfer-current control circuit that may reduce the smaller number of current control circuits and wires than the conventional while maintaining the controllable number of currents. The present invention divides the transfer output circuit into main and auxiliary controller modules. The main controller module has a configuration similar to the conventional transfer output circuit. The auxiliary controller module provides the same number of current control circuits as the number of input signal lines. The main controller module is connected to the auxiliary controller module in a wired-OR manner. A method of controlling the transfer-current control circuit based on first and second parameters forms part of the invention.

Abstract: The utility of a call waiting service is enhanced. When telephone A is engaged in voice communication with telephone B, if there is a call from telephone C, the telephone number of the telephones B and C are temporarily stored in a CCB. If the telephone C goes on-hook before the telephone B does, the telephone number of the telephone C is transferred from the CCB to subscriber data and stored as a recall number. Thereafter, when a switchhook operation is performed on the telephone A during communication with the telephone B, an automatic call is made to the telephone C by using the stored telephone number. If the telephone B goes on-hook before the telephone C does, the telephone number of the telephone B is transferred from the CCB to the subscriber data and stored as a recall number. Thereafter, when a switchhook operation is performed on the telephone A during communication with the telephone C, an automatic call is made to the telephone B by using the stored telephone number.

Abstract: Disclosed is a delay circuit for delaying at least the timing of a rising edge or the timing of a falling edge of an input signal alternating between first and second levels. The delay circuit includes (1) a charge pump in which first and second field-effect transistors of different channels are serially connected; (2) a capacitor connected in parallel with the first field-effect transistor; (3) a charging current control circuit for passing a charging current into the capacitor via the second field-effect transistor of the charge pump when the input signal is at the first level; (4) a discharge current control circuit for releasing a discharge current from the capacitor via the first field-effect transistor when the input signal is at the second level; and (5) a discrimination circuit for outputting a signal of a prescribed logic level based upon a terminal voltage of the capacitor.