Abstract: An etching apparatus for etching a printed circuit board includes a transport mechanism for horizontally transporting a printed circuit board in a transporting direction so that a height of the printed circuit board during etching is kept at a transport position, a plurality of upper spray nozzles for injecting an etchant to a top surface of the printed circuit board transported by the transport mechanism, and a plurality of lower spray nozzles for injecting an etchant to a bottom surface of the printed circuit board. In the etching apparatus, a flow rate of the etchant injected to the top surface of the printed circuit board is made greater than a flow rate of the etchant injected to the bottom surface of the printed circuit board by an arrangement of the upper spray nozzles and the lower spray nozzles.

Abstract: A phase shifter that may be used in a quadrature modulator or an image suppression mixer. The phase shifter includes a low pass filter that receives an input signal and generates a first carrier signal. A high pass filter also receives the input signal and generates a second carrier signal. A phase difference detection circuit connected to the high and low pass filters receives the first and second carrier signals and generates a control signal based on the phase difference between the carrier signals. The control signal is fed back to at least one of the low pass filter and the high pass filter to compensate for phase errors caused by parasitic capacitance. The phase shifter has a small circuit area and is very accurate, allowing it to be used in communications devices.

Abstract: A semiconductor device comprises an output circuit 31 for flowing out a source current IH or flowing in a sink current IL depending on an input signal AO and an output enable signal OE, a source current auxiliary circuit 32, and a sink current auxiliary circuit 33. The circuit 32 comprises a capacitor C1 connected so that the capacitor C1 can be charged through a transistor SW1 and a resistor R1, and a transfer gate T1 connected between a higher-potential-side electrode of the capacitor C1 and the output 16 the device. The sink current auxiliary circuit 33 comprises a capacitor C2 connected so that the capacitor C2 can discharge through a resistor R2 and a transistor SW2, and a transfer gate T2 connected between a higher-potential-side electrode of the capacitor C2 and the output 16 of the device.

Abstract: An auxiliary magnetic layer for generating a reproduction magnetic field which can be positive or negative in accordance with the front and rear edges of a reproduction waveform is provided on the opposite side of the magnetic layer to the substrate for recording and reproducing data. Consequently, a magnetic field which has an advantageous polarity to each of the front and rear edges of the reproduction waveform functions and both edges can have steep inclinations, which enhances the quality of the reproduction signal.

Abstract: A data processing system at least a portion of which operates under control of an object-oriented program. The data processing system contains an object-oriented system, in which a plurality of objects are defined by the above object-oriented program, each of the plurality of objects belongs to a corresponding one of a plurality of classes as an instance of the corresponding one of the plurality of classes, and one or more inheritance relationships are defined between at least one pair of classes among the plurality of classes based on inheritance coupling information. An inheritance coupling information setting unit receives a first request, and sets at least one piece of the inheritance coupling information in a data storage area, in response to the first request. The inheritance coupling information held in the inheritance coupling information indicating unit can be referred to by at least one of the above plurality of objects.

Abstract: A radio access system connects a public switched telephone network and a subscriber unit. The subscriber unit includes a first detection part detecting a telematique signal; and a first control part transmitting a detection signal of the telematique signal on a control channel and transmitting the telematique signal on a traffic channel while bypassing a first speech coding-and-decoding part. The radio access system includes a second control part, provided between a radio base station and the public switched telephone network, transmitting the telematique signal on the traffic channel toward the public switched telephone network while bypassing a second speech coding-and-decoding part when the detection signal of the telematique signal is transmitted on the control channel.

Abstract: An electronic shopping system, communicating between a store computer and a customer assistance terminal, for providing item price information for general customers and effecting item transactions for customers carrying a valid customer identification indicia. The shopping assistance terminal operates as a price check terminal in a default mode and is adaptively reconfigurable to a transaction terminal mode upon receipt of a valid customer identification indicia. A Price Look Up table is maintained in the store data base and, as a product is scanned, the item's price is verified and displayed on an integral display screen. If the terminal is configured in the transaction terminal mode, the item data is further added to a transaction list maintained in a memory storage area of a customer ID card.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the automatic frequency control circuit and the method of automatic frequency control. The automatic frequency control circuit for processing frequency control of a received signal frequency based on an incoming received signal comprises a first control circuit for processing frequency control based on a precision counter by using the incoming received signal and a second control circuit for processing frequency control based on a coarse counter by using the incoming received signal, wherein the first control circuit and the second control circuit are configured to be used interchangeably in response to the incoming received signal. By employing the circuit which directly counts the received signal and the circuit which counts the regenerative carrier signal in combination, the follow up range of the automatic frequency control circuit is thus expanded.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for confirming matching of data in a distributed processing system aiming easy maintenance of the matching of the data and efficient parallel design work in a distributed processing system. In the distributed processing system having a server including a database and plural clients utilizing data in the database, said server and clients are connected to each other. The server stores information of destinations to which data in the database has been distributed and receives information of an editorial history of the data from a client that is a destination of the distributed data to store the editorial history information at the destination client on the side of the server. After that, matching of the data is confirmed on the side of another client on the basis of the distributed data's destination information or the editorial history information stored in the server.

Abstract: The present invention provides a display control system for controlling data which is displayed on a screen of a display unit. The system includes a pointing device for pointing to a position on the screen of the display unit, a deleting unit for gradually deleting elements of data from the screen of the display unit as if the elements were gradually being sucked at the position pointed to by the pointing device, and a density controller for controlling the density of elements remaining on the screen of the display unit so that the density is gradually decreased in accordance with suction of the elements.

Abstract: A magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus having a reproducing circuit structure which improves a high frequency characteristic of a reproduction signal output from a read head. The read head reads information recorded on a recording medium. A first amplifying circuit amplifies a reproduction signal generated by the read head. A second amplifying circuit, which comprises a high-frequency amplifying circuit, amplifies the reproduction signal amplified by the first amplifying circuit in a high-frequency amplifying manner. The first amplifying circuit and the second amplifying circuit together constitute a cascode amplifier. A third amplifying circuit amplifies the reproduction signal amplified by the second amplifying circuit. A reproducing circuit reproduces the reproduction signal amplified by the third amplifying circuit.

Abstract: A variable delay circuit includes a load on a signal transfer line, at least one transistor connected to the signal transfer line. Each transistor is controlled by a gate voltage thereof so that a signal on the signal transfer line is delayed in response to a magnitude of the gate capacitance connected thereto.

Abstract: The invention provides a cell placement method and apparatus wherein an area for cell's placement is assured to place cells as many as possible to be placed efficiently on a single chip and a storage medium on which a cell placement program which allows such placement is stored. In the cell placement method and apparatus, in order to design an integrated circuit having a plurality of routing layers, when to place cells in a situation wherein a wire is already routed prior to the placement of the cells is present, placement of each of the cells at a position at which the cell overlaps with the already routed wire is permitted unless a wiring pattern in the cell and the already routed wire overlap with each other in a same routing layer.

Abstract: A magnetic head manufacturing method including the steps of forming a recording lower magnetic pole and a recording upper magnetic pole on a substrate and trimming, by the ion milling method, a portion of the recording upper magnetic pole and the recording lower magnetic pole under the condition that the substrate is stationary.

Abstract: An attenuator unit for attenuating a signal, the unit includes a &pgr;-type attenuator having a first resistor and second and third resistors which are arranged on both sides of the first resistor, a first transistor connected in parallel with the first resistor, and a second transistor connected between a joint node of the second resistor and the third resistor and a first voltage level. In the unit, by controlling a gate voltage of the first transistor and a gate voltage of the second transistor, an attenuation value of the attenuator unit is changed.

Abstract: An apparatus stabilizes the level of an output signal (b) of an output control unit (1) according to a control signal (c). When a power source is turned on or when burst signal transmission starts, an input signal (a) to the output control unit (1) rises. While the input signal (a) is rising, a switching circuit (6) selects initial value data (e) held in an initial value data holding circuit (8), so that a smoothing unit (4) may generate the control signal (c) from the initial value data (e). When a variation in difference data obtained from a moving average of the difference between level data (h) detected by a level detecting unit (3) and reference value data (g) held in a reference value data holding circuit (9) decreases below a predetermined value, the switching circuit (6) provides the difference data as average value data (f) to the smoothing unit (4) so that the smoothing unit (4) may generate the control signal (c) from the average value data (f).

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit device includes a DLL circuit. The DLL circuit includes a frequency divider which frequency-divides an input clock at a frequency dividing ratio which is varied depending on a frequency of the input clock and thus results in a dummy clock and a reference clock. A delay system includes a variable delay circuit which delays the dummy clock. A control circuit controls a delay amount of the variable delay circuit so that a phase of a delayed dummy clock from the delay system and the reference clock becomes zero.

Abstract: A disk storage unit includes an electro-magnetic slider which has a contact detecting function. The unit includes a rotating recording disk, a slider body having a head for reading and writing information with respect to the recording disk, a suspension for supporting the slider body in such a manner that the slider body is opposed to the recording medium and flies above recording medium with a small gap therebetween owing to an air flow generated by a rotation of the recording disk. The suspension, on which the slider is mounted, has an electric resistance pattern formed on the suspension for detecting a strain generated on the resistance pattern when the slider body comes into contact with the disk recording medium.

Abstract: A display has a display panel of a first aspect ratio and is able to display on the display panel an image of a second aspect ratio whose width element is larger than that of the first aspect ratio. The display has a gate driver, a data driver, and a timing controller. The gate driver sequentially selects gate lines of the display panel. The data driver stores data for one gate line and supplies the data to one of the gate lines selected by the gate driver. The timing controller supplies control signals to the gate and data drivers so that predetermined data is displayed in top and bottom non-image areas of the display panel during a vertical blanking period. The display is capable of displaying images of different sizes.