Abstract: A lamp to produce white light includes an envelope; and a composition disposed in the envelope and including an initiator; a primary halide; and a secondary halide, wherein the primary halide, in a presence of the secondary halide, has a vapor pressure that is greater than a vapor pressure in an absence of the secondary halide, and the composition is configured to emit white light in a presence of an electrical discharge in the envelope.

Abstract: A hybrid error correction method and a memory repair apparatus thereof are provided for a dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The memory repair apparatus includes a mode register and a hybrid error correction code and redundancy (HEAR) module. When the DRAM enters a standby mode, the mode register switches the DRAM to be controlled by the HEAR module. The HEAR module generates parity data of the error correction code within a default refresh period. The HEAR module extends the refresh period of the DRAM and uses the parity data for error detection to locate a data retention error in the DRAM until the maximum allowable refresh period supported by the HEAR module is reached. Before the DRAM returns to a working mode from a standby mode, the HEAR module performs an error correction process according to fail bit data and writes corrected data into the DRAM.

Abstract: A method of determining a false and/or a true positive rate is provided. A true count value and a false count value are initialized for probability bins. For a plurality of records, a truth of event occurrence and a probability of occurrence are read; a probability bin that includes the probability of occurrence is determined; the true count value of the determined probability bin is incremented when the truth of event occurrence indicates true; and the false count value of the determined probability bin is incremented when the truth of event occurrence indicates false. A true positive rate and a false positive rate are computed for each probability bin based on the true count value, the false count value, a determined total number of true event occurrences, and a determined total number of false event occurrences.

Abstract: A disclosure provides a resin composition, a prepreg, and a substrate employing the same. According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the resin composition includes a polyphenylene ether compound, and a bismaleimide. The prepreg includes a cured product of the resin composition. The substrate includes a product fabricated by the resin composition or the prepreg.

Abstract: A wavelength-shift composite light-storing powder and method of manufacturing and applying the same. Wherein, inorganic metal oxide and light-storing material containing rare earth elements are made to collide at high speed in an environment of extremely low temperature. The collision process makes said inorganic metal oxide to produce fusion reaction on surface of said light-storing material, that causes changes of lattice structure, to generate photon shift phenomenon and produce said wavelength-shift composite light-storing powder. Said composite light-storing powder is apt to engage cross-linked structure of thermoplastic polymer in a high temperature blending process, to achieve even distribution. Finally, through a filament process to produce successfully light-storing fibers capable of emitting lights of various wavelengths, to raise its heat resistance and wash durability.

Abstract: A method for detecting paths and amount of loss of desulfurization organic components in a flue gas desulfurization system includes preparing a to-be-measured solution and a base standard solution, and diluting the base standard solution with water to a plurality of standard solutions containing different concentrations of desulfurization organic components; adjusting the to-be-measured solution and standard solutions to have a strong acidity, respectively, such that each of desulfurization organic components in the to-be-measured solution and standard solutions exists in ion forms; heating and oscillating the to-be-measured solution and standard solutions, respectively; respectively detecting carbon elements in the standard solutions, to form a linear relationship between concentrations of the desulfurization organic components in the standard solutions and detected carbon element data; and detecting carbon elements in the to-be-measured solution, and obtaining a total concentration of the desulfurization or

Abstract: The invention, in some aspects relates to compositions and methods for altering cell activity and function and the introduction and use of light-activated ion channels.

Abstract: A method to prepare low reflective surface according to an example of the present invention comprises: the first step to prepare materials having pillar structure on the surface; the second step to prepare aluminum surface-materials by treating for the pillar structure to have aluminum surface; and the third step to prepare a low reflective surface with dual protuberance structure by forming nano-flake layer on the pillar surface of the material surface through oxidation of the surface aluminum of the aluminum surface-materials. The method to prepare low reflective surface can provide a low reflective surface structure that can be applied to photovoltaic device surface or various display surface as a surface able to reduce reflection significantly by absorbing wavelengths in the range of visible and infrared ray through internally total reflection with simple, low cost, and ecofriendly process.

Abstract: This invention discloses a pulse-sensing device and methods for pulse sensing. In one embodiment, the device includes a robotic finger comprising a humanoid-finger structure, and an actuating-force transferring member for transferring an actuating force to the structure at an actuation point thereon and along an actuation direction. One end of the structure is pivotally mounted to a fulcrum and another end has a sensing area. The robotic finger is configured such that, when the sensing area contacts a person's wrist, a first perpendicular distance from the fulcrum to a first line is substantially longer than a second perpendicular distance from the fulcrum to a second line, where the first line is a straight line passing through a sensing point of the sensing area and being substantially perpendicular to the sensing area, and the second line is a straight line passing through the actuation point and orienting along the actuation direction.

Abstract: A nano-metal solution, nano-metal complex grains, and a manufacturing method of a metal film are provided. The nano-metal solution includes metal grains having an amount of 0.1˜30 wt %, metallic-organic self-decomposition molecules having an amount of 0.1˜50 wt % and having formula 1, and a solvent having an amount of 20˜99.8 wt %: wherein M represents a metal ion. The metallic-organic self-decomposition molecules and the metal grains are evenly mixed in the solvent, and the metallic-organic self-decomposition molecules are adsorbed on surfaces of the metal grains.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for providing a three-dimensional (3D) broadcast service using images with asymmetric aspect ratios and a method and apparatus for reproducing a 3D broadcast service. The method of providing the 3D broadcast service includes adjusting a second viewpoint image to be composed with a first viewpoint image into a 3D form with respect to the first viewpoint image and the second viewpoint image for 3D broadcasting, encoding the first viewpoint image and the adjusted second viewpoint image, and generating a broadcast stream of the first viewpoint image and a broadcast stream of the second viewpoint image by multiplexing the first viewpoint image and the second viewpoint image.

Abstract: A thermometer includes a substrate; an optical resonator disposed on the substrate and including an optical resonance, the optical resonator being configured to receive a resonant frequency corresponding to the optical resonance; and a waveguide disposed on the substrate proximate to the optical resonator to receive input light, to communicate the resonant frequency to the optical resonator, and to transmit output light; wherein an aperture is interposed between: the substrate and the optical resonator, the substrate and the waveguide, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, and the thermometer is configured to change the optical resonance in response to a change in temperature of the optical resonator.

Abstract: An adhesive composition is provided that is water-insoluble yet water-absorbent, i.e., capable of absorbing up to 15 wt. % water or more. The composition in composed of a film-forming hydrophilic polymer with at least one linear segment having a plurality of recurring polar groups along the polymer backbone, a complementary multifunctional polymer with a plurality of recurring functional groups that noncovalently bind to the polar groups on the film-forming polymer, and plasticizer. A method for manufacturing the adhesive composition is provided as well.

Abstract: This invention relates to a radioisotope battery and a method of manufacturing the same, wherein manufacturing the radioisotope battery and shielding radiation emitted from the radioisotope Ni-63 from the outside are achieved simultaneously. This radioisotope battery includes a semiconductor layer, a seed layer formed on the semiconductor layer, a radioisotope layer formed on the seed layer, and a radiation shielding layer formed on the radioisotope layer and for shielding radiation of the radioisotope layer form the outside.

Abstract: Presently provided are compounds according to the formula (I) or (II), and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, wherein R1, R4, and R5 are defined herein. Such compounds and compositions are useful for modulating an activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; treating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) mediated immunosuppression; treating a medical conditions that benefit from the inhibition of enzymatic activity of indoleamine -2,3-dioxygenase; enhancing the effectiveness of an anti-cancer treatment comprising administering an anti-cancer agent; treating tumor-specific immunosuppression associated with cancer; and treating immunosupression associated with an infectious disease.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for scanning articles, such as footwear, to provide information regarding the contents of the articles are described. According to one aspect, a footwear scanning system includes a platform configured to contact footwear to be scanned, an antenna array configured to transmit electromagnetic waves through the platform into the footwear and to receive electromagnetic waves from the footwear and the platform, a transceiver coupled with antennas of the antenna array and configured to apply electrical signals to at least one of the antennas to generate the transmitted electromagnetic waves and to receive electrical signals from at least another of the antennas corresponding to the electromagnetic waves received by the others of the antennas, and processing circuitry configured to process the received electrical signals from the transceiver to provide information regarding contents within the footwear.

Abstract: A thermoelectric composite and a thermoelectric device and a method of making the thermoelectric composite. The thermoelectric composite is a semiconductor material formed from mechanically-alloyed powders of elemental constituents of the semiconductor material to produce nano-particles of the semiconductor material, and compacted to have at least a bifurcated grain structure. The bifurcated grain structure has at least two different grain sizes including small size grains in a range of 2-200 nm and large size grains in a range of 0.5 to 5 microns. The semiconductor material has a figure of merit ZT, defined as a ratio of the product of square of Seebeck coefficient, S2, and electrical conductivity ? divided by the thermal conductivity k, which varies from greater than 1 at 300 K to 2.5 at temperatures of 300 to 500K.

Abstract: A level shifter transfers a first voltage signal to a second voltage signal. The level shifter comprises a comparison circuit, a delay circuit, and a selection circuit. The comparison circuit generates a first signal according to the comparison result between the first voltage signal and the reverse-phase signal of the first voltage signal. The delay circuit generates a second signal according to the first voltage signal. The selection circuit receives the first and the second signals and chooses the higher voltage one from the first signal and the second signal to be the second voltage signal.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to benzoxazines having various N-protecting groups. An R1 functional group is at least one selected from the group consisting of H and a halogen, an R2 functional group is at least one selected from the group consisting of H, an amide, or a carbamate, and a Z functional group is at least one selected from the group consisting of a phenyl, substituted phenyl group, methyl, and t-butyl group. The exemplary embodiments provide compounds with benzoxazines having various cleavable protecting groups such as amides and carbamates.

Abstract: A method for performing communication in a multi-stage beam forming system includes determining statistical channel information which indicates a priority of analog beams transmitted by a base station, configuring an adaptive code book for digital beam forming, based on the statistical channel information and analog beams which the base station uses in actual communication among the analog beams, and performing communication with the base station through the digital beam forming based on the adaptive code book. A terminal includes a channel estimator configured to perform channel estimation for analog beams transmitted from a base station, a controller configure to determine statistical channel information indicating a priority of the analog beams, and configure an adaptive code book for digital beam forming based on the statistical channel information and analog beams that the base station uses in actual communication among the analog beams, and a communication unit.