Abstract: An apparatus for grouping a plurality of stations in a multi-transmission environment includes an SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) measuring unit configured to measure SNR values of the stations existing in the multi-transmission environment. Further, the apparatus includes a grouping unit configured to group the stations into several subgroups depending on the SNR values, wherein a leader is defined in each subgroup. Furthermore, the apparatus includes a control unit configured to determine an MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) intended for each subgroup and form different A-MPDU (Aggregated MAC Protocol Data Unit) for each subgroup separately to send to each subgroup in a multicast transmission.

Abstract: A thermoelectric conversion device and a selective absorber film are provided. The thermoelectric conversion device includes at least one first selective absorber film, a cold terminal substrate, at least one first thermoelectric element pair, a first conductive substrate and a second conductive substrate. The first selective absorber film non-contactly absorbs a preset limited wavelength band of heat radiation. The first thermoelectric element pair is disposed between the first selective absorber film and the cold terminal substrate, and includes a first N-type thermoelectric element and a first P-type thermoelectric element. The first conductive substrate is disposed between the cold terminal substrate and the first N-type thermoelectric element. The second conductive substrate is disposed between the cold terminal substrate and the first P-type thermoelectric element.

Abstract: A method for preparing pimaric acid type resin acids includes: step (1) adding refined resin acid, turpentine, or rosin along with maleic anhydride at a mass ratio of 1:0.3-1.5 into a reaction bottle, dissolving the ingredients into a C1-C10 lower fatty acid solvent, the mass ratio of the C1-C10 low fatty acid to refined resin acid is 0.05-30:1, then carrying out additional reaction by heating directly or with assistance of a microwave, subsequently cooling, crystallizing, filtering, and washing; and step (2) combining the filtrates collected in step (1), stripping the solvent by vacuum distillation to obtain pimaric acid type resin acid coarse product, dissolving the resulting coarse product in NaOH aqueous solution to prepare aqueous solution of pimaric acid type resin acid salt, adjusting the pH to 6-14 with a mineral acid or an organic acid, and either directly purifying or acidifying followed by purifying to obtain the final product.

Abstract: A method for detecting objects is provided. The method comprises the steps outlined below. An image having pixels is acquired. Image blocks each corresponding to one of the pixels are generated. A specific image block is filtered using N filtering parameters that gradually enhance the blurriness of the specific image block to generate N filtering results. N RMSE values are computed, in which the M-th RMSE value is computed according to the M-th and the (M?1)-th filtering results. A slope of an approximate line is computed according to the RMSE values as the blurriness value of the specific image block. The above steps are repeated to generate the blurriness values of all the pixels. The blurriness value is compared to a threshold value to detect sharp pixels which are parts of a sharp object and further detect an in-focus object.

Abstract: Disclosed is an efficient carrier for gene delivery to cells based on PCR. The PCR-based gene delivery carrier includes: a shell composed of neutral liposomes; and template DNA and PCR components including polymerase, dNTPs and primers for amplification of the template DNA by PCR, within an inner space defined by the shell. The gene delivery carrier enhances the gene loading efficiency of neutral liposomes without cytotoxicity. Further disclosed is a method for preparing the gene delivery carrier.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fast prediction mode determination method of a video encoder that may remove an unnecessary operation of an encoder by selectively terminating early or omitting a splitting process and a pruning process based on a probability distribution of rate-distortion values, and thereby enables the encoder to quickly determine a prediction mode. The present invention may include a method that may adaptively change a termination and omission determination criterion of the splitting process and the pruning process based on a characteristic of an input image. When using the method provided by the present invention, reliability regarding the termination and omission determination of the splitting process and the pruning process may be set and thus, it is possible to adjust the tradeoff between a decrease in an operation amount and a quality degradation of the encoder.

Abstract: Provide an optical receiver module. The optical receiver module includes: an optical fiber array including a first optical fiber that delivers an optical signal and a second optical fiber that delivers a reference optical signal; a plate optical integrated circuit including first and second multi mode interference (MMI) optical isolators respectively receiving the optical signal and the reference optical signal through a plurality of first optical waveguides; and an optical detector array receiving two optical signals from each of the first and second MMI optical isolators through a plurality of second optical waveguides, wherein the optical detector array includes a plurality of third optical waveguides aligned to be connected to the other end of each of the plurality of second optical waveguides in one-to-one correspondence.

Abstract: Provided is a method for fire-proofing a composite slab constructed of beams installed between columns, a deck plate installed between the beams and slab concrete poured on the beams and the deck plate using a wire rope. Fire-proofing performance of the composite slab manufactured according to the present invention can be enhanced by transferring the load transferred from the deck plate to the upper portion of the beam via the wire rope.

Abstract: Provided is a method of fabricating an organic scattering layer. The method may include providing a deposition apparatus with a reaction chamber and a source chamber, loading a substrate in the reaction chamber, supplying carrier gas into the source chamber that may be configured to supply an evaporated organic source material into the reaction chamber, a temperature of the carrier gas ranging from 25° C. to 50° C., and spraying the carrier gas and the evaporated organic source material into the reaction chamber through a showerhead to deposit an organic scattering layer on the substrate, the organic scattering layer including organic particles, which may be provided in a molecularized form of the evaporated organic source material, and thereby having an uneven surface.

Abstract: Low temperature bond balls connect two structures having disparate coefficients of linear thermal expansion. An integrated circuit is made to heat the device such that the low temperature bond balls melt. After melting, the bond balls solidify, and the device is operated with the bond balls solidified. In one example, one of the two structures is a semiconductor substrate, and the other structure is a printed circuit board. The integrated circuit is a die mounted to the semiconductor substrate. The bond balls include at least five percent indium, and the integrated circuit is an FPGA loaded with a bit stream. The bit stream configures the FPGA such that the FPGA has increased power dissipation, which melts the balls. After the melting, a second bit stream is loaded into the FPGA and the FPGA is operated in a normal user-mode using the second bit stream.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pesticide preparations and methods based on RNAi technology. The invention discloses target genes (fragments) useful in the control of Lepidoptera insects. Nucleic acid inhibitors or hosts expressing the nucleic acid inhibitors, based on the nucleic acid sequences of these target genes, can effectively kill Lepidoptera insects. The invention also discloses applications using the nucleic acid inhibitors or hosts expressing the nucleic acid inhibitors.

Abstract: An apparatus for assuring integrity of a mobile application or application software (app) includes a developer registration management unit configured to authenticate a mobile app developer based on an authentication means in response to a subscription and registration request of the mobile app developer, and an integrity verification unit configured to verify whether the mobile app has the integrity by unpackaging the mobile app uploaded to an app store server in a packaged state and determine whether to write a code signature of the app store server to the mobile app based on an integrity verification result. Thus, a secure mobile ecosystem can be constructed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing low oxygen-content molybdenum powders by reducing molybdenum trioxide, which includes charging a first reducing agent and the molybdenum trioxide, which are in the direct contact with each other on a micro-sieve on an upper portion of a bracket in a body, charging a second reducing agent in the bracket under the micro-sieve, coupling the body with a cover to close the body, and performing a reduction reaction by raising an internal temperature of the body by performing the first reduction reaction due to direct contact between the first reducing agent and the molybdenum trioxide, and performing the second reduction reaction due to evaporation of the second reducing agent. The first and second reduction reactions are performed at a temperature in a range of 550° C. to 650° C., and a temperature in a range of 1000° C. to 1200° C., respectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus in which an Automatic Identification System (AIS) accesses a radio channel. The present invention includes selecting a slot on which a packet is to be transmitted on at least one radio channel, temporarily sending a first carrier, notifying other AISs that the selected slot has been selected by the AIS, on the selected slot in transmission mode, and after temporarily sending the first carrier, detecting a second carrier transmitted by another device on the selected slot in reception mode. In accordance with the present invention, the AIS temporarily sends a first carrier, notifying other AISs that a selected slot has been selected by the AIS, on the selected slot prior to the detection of a second carrier, and another AIS accessing the same slot detects the first carrier temporarily transmitted. Accordingly, a collision between channels can be avoided.

Abstract: A registered mail receipt verification system includes: a distribution integration information apparatus registering provisional receipt data for customer's receipt; a receipt information linking apparatus receiving the provisional receipt data from the distribution integration information apparatus and generating verification receipt data for at least one of an address and a postal code; and a registered mail verification apparatus registering the verification receipt data generated by the receipt information linking apparatus, reading a registered barcode for provided registered mail, and generating a verification result by comparison with the registered verification receipt data.

Abstract: A data processing apparatus and a data processing method thereof are provided. The data processing apparatus includes a register and a processor electrically connected to the register. The register is stored with a plurality of data. The plurality of data each includes a first sub-datum and a second sub-datum. The plurality of first sub-data corresponds to a first column and the plurality of second sub-data corresponds to a second column. The processor compresses the first sub-data by a first compression algorithm according to a first characteristic of the plurality of first sub-data and compresses the second sub-data by a second compression algorithm according to a second characteristic of the plurality of second sub-data.

Abstract: An apparatus of controlling a data traffic in a packet based mobile communication system and a method thereof according to the present invention are disclosed. The apparatus of controlling a data traffic in a packet based mobile communication system according to another aspect of the present invention includes an extracting unit configured to, if a message which requests to create a dedicated bearer, extract at least one characteristic parameter included in the received message, a determining unit configured to determine whether the dedicated bearer is set through the load distribution gateway based on the at least one extracted characteristic parameter, an already set regulation or condition; and a creating unit configured to create a message which requests to set the dedicated bearer as a result of the determination.

Abstract: A method and system for encoding three-dimensional (3D) video are provided. The method includes: obtaining a depth map of the 3D video, wherein the depth map includes multiple pixels and each of the pixels has a depth value; identifying a first contour of an object in the depth map; changing the depth values according to whether the pixels are located on the first contour to generate a contour bit map; compressing the contour bit map to generate a first bit stream, and decompressing the first bit stream to generate a reconstructed contour bit map; obtaining multiple sampling pixels of the pixels in the object according to a second contour corresponding to the object in the reconstructed contour bit map; and, encoding locations and the depth values of the sampling pixels. Therefore, a compression ratio of the 3D video is increased.

Abstract: A dynamic tag generating apparatus and a dynamic tag generating method thereof are provided. The dynamic tag generating apparatus is disposed in a display apparatus, and the display apparatus is connected to a server. The dynamic tag generating apparatus receives tag update information from the server through the display apparatus, and updates a tag content of the display apparatus according to the tag update information. The dynamic tag generating apparatus provides the tag content to a tag analyzing apparatus so that the tag analyzing apparatus analyzes the tag content.

Abstract: Cymbopogon schoenanthus is used in folk medicine in North-African for the treatment of rheumatism and to diminish fever. However, whether it possesses anti-stress properties had not previously been established in vivo. Disclosed herein are data demonstrating the effectiveness of C. schoenanthus ethanol extracts on stressors in vitro (heat shock and oxidative stress) and on stressors in vivo (forced swimming test and tail suspension test). Moreover, disclosed are statistically significant anti-stress effects in vivo which occur in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, the effects of C. schoenanthus ethanol extract exposure is shown to be comparable to a commercially-available antidepressant drug. Accordingly, C. schoenanthus ethanol extracts are useful in new compositions and methods for treating or ameliorating emotional-psychological stress.