Abstract: The invention relates to a laser nozzle that can be used in laser cutting, notably with a fibre or disc laser, comprising a nozzle body comprising an axial housing passing axially through said nozzle body and comprising a first outlet orifice situated at the front face of the nozzle body, and a movable element comprising a skirt-forming front part arranged in the axial housing of the nozzle body, said movable element being capable of translational movement in the axial housing of the nozzle body and comprising an axial passage with a second outlet orifice opening onto the skirt-forming front part.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-strand plant and a corresponding process for producing olefins from oxygenates in which a plurality of reactor trains which each comprise one or more catalyst-containing oxygenate-to-olefin (OTO) reaction zones are arranged in parallel and operated in parallel, wherein at least one of the parallel reaction zones may be operated in a regeneration mode while the OTO synthesis reaction may be performed in the other reaction zones parallel thereto. The partial product streams obtained from the individual reactor trains operated in a synthesis mode are discharged via partial product conduits, combined into a complete product conduit using a connecting device, compressed using a compressor and separated into a plurality of olefin-containing hydrocarbon fractions using a multi-stage workup apparatus. The inventive configuration of the plant and of the process reduces pressure drops and thus enhances the yield for short-chain olefins, for example propylene.

Abstract: A device and process for refuelling containers with pressurized gas comprising a pressurized gas source, a transfer circuit intended to be removably connected to a container, the device comprising a refrigeration system for cooling the gas flowing from the gas source prior to its entering into the container and comprising a refrigerant cooling loop circuit comprising, arranged in series, a compressor, a condenser section, an expansion valve and an evaporator section, the refrigeration system comprising a cold source in heat exchange with the condenser section and a heat exchanger located in the transfer circuit and comprising a heat exchange section between the gas flowing in the transfer circuit and the evaporator section, the device comprising an electronic controller configured to switch the refrigeration system in first standby mode when the device is not refuelling a container wherein the compressor is switched off when the temperature of the heat exchanger is equal or below a predefined first standby te

Abstract: The invention relates to an insulated chamber comprising at least one element that may operate at sub-ambient temperature, the space around the element(s) being filled with solid insulation and means for injecting a gas containing at least 95 mol-% nitrogen into the insulation, at least some of the gas-injection means opening at a position vertically above at least one element to insulate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing and delivering a gas mixture having a selected composition of a first gas and at least one second gas, comprising the following steps: (a) providing a main gas flow comprising the first gas in a main conduit, (b) separating the main gas flow into a first plurality of secondary gas flows, (c) guiding each secondary gas flow through a secondary conduit, (d) adding at least one second gas to at least one of the first plurality of secondary gas flows in the respective secondary conduit through a delivering conduit, said delivering conduit protruding into the secondary conduit, and (e) combining the first plurality of secondary gas flows to the gas mixture. With the technical teaching of the present invention a dynamic gas bottle filling is possible wherein the second gas components may have a concentration form some ppb to percent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a converted synthesis gas from a crude synthesis gas comprising the essential synthesis gas constituents of hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO), wherein the crude synthesis gas is initially generated in a synthesis gas generation stage and subsequently converted in a multi-stage CO conversion and thus elevated in terms of its hydrogen content. The crude synthesis gas has steam added to it as a reaction partner for the CO conversion and cooling of the converted synthesis gas affords an aqueous condensate.

Abstract: A method for improving the capacity of an existing air separation unit employing a lost air turbine is provided in which the capacity is increased by operating the existing air separation unit as previously operated, with the exception of collecting the lost air from the lost air turbine, and instead of venting said lost air to the atmosphere, the lost air is compressed in a supplemental air compressor and returned to the air separation unit at a location downstream a front-end purification unit and upstream a booster. This setup advantageously allows for increased production without having to adjust the sizing of the front-end purification unit or main air compressor.

Abstract: An apparatus for distillation at cryogenic temperatures can include a cold box module comprising framing and having an upper module section and a lower module section, wherein the upper module comprises a roof; an upper column section disposed within the upper module section; a lower column section disposed within the lower module section; a plurality of support saddles attached to the upper and lower module sections that are configured to provide structural support for the upper and lower column sections when the upper and lower column sections are in a horizontal position during transportation; and means for limiting longitudinal movement of the lower column section when the lower module section is in a horizontal position during transport, wherein the means for limiting longitudinal movement are connected to the lower column section and the lower module section.

Abstract: A process for conducting exothermic equilibrium reactions, especially for the performance of methanol synthesis by heterogeneously catalysed conversion of synthesis gas, is proposed, which enables readjustment and hence optimization of the reaction conditions along the longitudinal coordinate of the reactor. For this purpose, in the process according to the invention, a reactor is used which is divided into a multitude of series-connected reaction cells, each of which comprises a preheating zone, a cooled reaction zone, one or more cooling zones and a deposition zone for condensable reaction products. In this way, the reaction conditions are adjustable to the respective, local composition of the reaction mixture and variable over the reactor length.

Abstract: An adsorbent bed, including at least one elementary composite structure that includes adsorbent particles in a polymer matrix, wherein the adsorbent bed has a bed packing, ?bed, defined as a volume occupied by the at least one elementary composite structure Vecs divided by a volume of the adsorbent bed Vbed where ?bed is greater than 0.60.

Abstract: An adsorbent bed, including at least one elementary composite structure that includes adsorbent particles in a polymer matrix, wherein the adsorbent bed has a bed packing, ?bed, defined as a volume occupied by the at least one elementary composite structure Vecs divided by a volume of the adsorbent bed Vbed where ?bed is greater than 0.60.

Abstract: In a method for producing a gaseous mixture of CO and H2, a first gas comprising at least 50% CO is compressed in a first compressor to form a first compressed gas cooled to a first temperature and mixes with a second gas comprising at least 50% hydrogen in order to form the gaseous mixture, at least one of the first and second gases originating from a cryogenic distillation separation unit in which a feed gas containing H2 and CO cools in a first heat exchanger and is separated in at least one distillation column and at least one part of the second gas heats in the separation unit to a third temperature lower than the first temperature and is then sent to mix with the first gas.

Abstract: A process of conditioning tungsten pentachloride to form specific crystalline phases are disclosed. The specific crystalline phases permit stable vapor pressures over extended periods of time during vapor deposition and etching processes.

Abstract: A reactor for conducting exothermic equilibrium reactions, especially for the performance of methanol synthesis by heterogeneously catalysed conversion of synthesis gas, is proposed, which enables readjustment and hence optimization of the reaction conditions along the longitudinal coordinate of the reactor. For this purpose, in accordance with the invention, the reactor is divided into a multitude of series-connected reaction cells, each of which comprises a preheating zone, a cooled reaction zone, one or more cooling zones and a deposition zone for condensable reaction products. In this way, the reaction conditions are adjustable to the respective, local composition of the reaction mixture and variable over the reactor length.

Abstract: A process and plant for producing a synthesis gas chiefly consisting of hydrogen and carbon monoxide by catalytic steam reformation of a hydrocarbonaceous feed gas, wherein the heat of burners required for the chemical reforming reactions to take place is generated by producing a flue gas and wherein, by utilizing the heat contained in the synthesis gas and in the flue gas, a pure steam is generated from boiler feed water and a process steam is generated from process condensate, wherein for the generation of the pure steam synthesis gas and flue gas are used and for the generation of the process steam a part of the pure steam is used as heat-transfer medium and the remaining part of the pure steam is discharged from the process as export steam.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the production of air gases by the cryogenic separation of air with front end purification and air compression can include using an available compressed dry gas such as nitrogen, oxygen, stored purified air, or synthetic air to repressurize the adsorber without diverting any of the purified air just exiting the currently on-line adsorber or changing the flow rate of the main air compressor or air sent to the cold box. This enables the main air compressor (MAC) to operate at a relatively constant flow rate while also sending a relatively constant air flow to the cold box during this repressurization step, thereby reducing the risks of process upsets and minimizing capital expenditures related to the MAC and other warm-end equipments.

Abstract: Group 4 transition metal-containing film forming compositions are disclosed comprising Group 4 transition metal precursors having the formula: wherein M is Ti, Zr, or Hf; each A is independently N, Si, B or P; each E is independently C, Si, B or P; m and n is independently 0, 1 or 2; m+n>1; each R is independently a H or a C1-C4 hydrocarbon group; each L is independently a ?1 anionic ligand selected from the group consisting of NR?2, OR?, Cp, amidinate, ?-diketonate, or keto-iminate, wherein R? is a H or a C1-C4 hydrocarbon group; and L? is NR? or O, wherein R? is a H or a C1-C4 hydrocarbon group. Also disclosed are methods of synthesizing and using the disclosed precursors to deposit Group 4 transition metal-containing films on one or more substrates via vapor deposition processes.

Abstract: An adsorbent bed, including at least one elementary composite structure that includes adsorbent particles in a polymer matrix, wherein the adsorbent bed has a bed packing, ?bed, defined as a volume occupied by the at least one elementary composite structure Vecs divided by a volume of the adsorbent bed Vbed where ?bed is greater than 0.60.

Abstract: Process and plant for the production of liquid hydrogen with a liquefier that has a variable cooling power dependent on the electrical power consumed. The liquefier is supplied with electricity by a first source of electricity at least one additional source of electricity that provides an intermittent or variable amount of electricity over time. Liquid hydrogen is produced at first thermodynamic conditions when the liquefier is supplied with a predetermined nominal electrical energy level and produced at subcooled conditions, with respect to the first thermodynamic conditions, when electricity supplied to the liquefier exceeds the nominal level.

Abstract: A method for producing liquefied natural gas and a stream of liquid nitrogen including step a): producing gaseous nitrogen in an air separation unit; step b): liquefying a stream of natural gas in a natural gas liquefaction unit including a main heat exchanger and a system for producing cold; step c): liquefying the nitrogen stream resulting from step a) in the main exchanger of the natural gas liquefaction unit in parallel with the liquefied natural gas in step b); wherein all the cold necessary for liquefying the stream of nitrogen and for liquefying the natural gas is supplied by the system for producing cold of the natural gas liquefaction unit.