Abstract: Disclosed is an electromagnetic device. The electromagnetic switching device includes: a shaft coupled with a movable contact point to reciprocate up and down; and an elastic member coupled with a bottom end of the shaft, wherein a vertical volume of the elastic member expands as a temperature is increased.

Abstract: A low cost IC solution is disclosed in accordance with an embodiment to provide Super CMOS microelectronics macros. Hereinafter, the Super CMOS or Schottky CMOS all refer to SCMOS. The SCMOS device solutions with a niche circuit element, the complementary low threshold Schottky barrier diode pairs (SBD) made by selected metal barrier contacts (Co/Ti) to P— and N—Si beds of the CMOS transistors. A DTL like new circuit topology and designed wide contents of broad product libraries, which used the integrated SBD and transistors (BJT, CMOS, and Flash versions) as basic components. The macros are composed of diodes that are selectively attached to the diffusion bed of the transistors, configuring them to form generic logic gates, memory cores, and analog functional blocks from simple to the complicated, from discrete components to all grades of VLSI chips. Solar photon voltaic electricity conversion and bio-lab-on-a-chip are two newly extended fields of the SCMOS IC applications.

Abstract: A method for controlling an inverter is provided, the method including, setting, as a first reference, a pressure data returned from the pressure sensor when a pre-PID ends, updating the first reference that is increased by a predetermined step to a second reference, determining an output frequency of the inverter by performing a PID control using the second reference, and determining an output frequency of the inverter by performing the PID using a third reference set up by the user when the second reference or feedback pressure data is equal to a set value.

Abstract: Systems and method relating generally to data processing, and more particularly to systems and methods for utilizing multiple data streams for data recovery from a storage device.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electromagnetic switching device, including: a junction box having an accommodating space formed to be one side open by side plates and a bottom plate; and a relay having fixed contacts and movable contacts within an casing and detachable to and/or from the accommodating space, wherein the junction box includes a pair of protrusions which are protruded from the side plates to an opposite side to the accommodating space; wherein the relay includes a lever which is hinge-coupled to the casing and caught by the pair of protrusions; and wherein the lever is configured to press the relay toward the bottom plate when rotating in one direction, and to press the relay toward a direction to become distant from the bottom plate when rotating in opposite direction, thereby enabling the relay to be easily detachable from the junction box.

Abstract: A method for controlling synchronous switching in a medium voltage inverter is disclosed. The method includes lighting on a first lamp to notify that a switching operation is ready by ascertaining that the medium voltage inverter is in a normal operation, lighting on a second lamp to notify that a switching operation is under way when receiving an input of switching action, and lighting on a third lamp to notify that the switching operation is completed when the switching action is completed.

Abstract: A clock and data recovery device includes a phase detector, a quantizer, and a loop filter. The phase detector produces a phase error samples at an output representing a phase difference between a phase-adjusted clock and an input data signal. The quantizer, coupled to the output of the phase detector and responsive to high threshold and low threshold values, produces a tri-valued quantized phase error samples at an output. The loop filter filters either the quantized phase error samples or the phase error samples to control the phase-controlled clock. A frequency detector, determining the frequency of jitter present in the input data signal, addresses a look-up table to provide the jitter-frequency dependent high and low threshold values and to control which phase error samples is processed by the loop filter. The frequency detector determines the jitter frequency by taking the ratio of peak values of low pass-filtered phase error samples.

Abstract: A method for controlling parallel-connected inverters is provided. The method includes ascertaining a detection scope of a predetermined PWM synchronization signal when a PWM synchronization signal is received, calculating a synchronization error of a PWM carrier at a PWM synchronization signal reception point, and compensating the synchronization error at a peak of the PWM carrier.

Abstract: A method for enhancing read performance in a multi-reader two-dimensional magnetic recording system comprising first and second readers includes: receiving first and second analog read signals from the first and second readers, respectively; sampling the first and second analog read signals to generate first and second sampled signals, respectively, each of the first and second sampled signals comprising an integer component, indicative of a value of a corresponding one of the first and second analog read signals, respectively, at an integer multiple of a corresponding sampling period associated therewith, and/or a fractional component, indicative of a value of the corresponding one of the first and second analog read signals, respectively, at an arbitrary point in time between integer multiples of the corresponding sampling period; and combining the integer and/or fractional components of the respective first and second sampled signals to thereby generate a reader offset estimation signal.

Abstract: Systems and method relating generally to data processing, and more particularly to systems and methods for modifying symbols in a data set prior to re-processing.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for processing an intermittent message in a train system. The apparatus includes an antenna, a filter unit and a signal processing unit. The antenna receives an intermittent message signal transmitted through an intermittent loop installed on a rail line. The filter unit performs band pass filtering on the intermittent message signal, and separates the intermittent message signal into first data having a first frequency and second data having a second frequency. The signal processing unit generates data corresponding to an intermittent message by synchronizing the phase of the second data with that of the first data.

Abstract: An inverter communication system is provided. The system includes a plurality of inverters connected to each other through a communication line, and assigned with different original identifiers for mutual distinction, wherein each of the plurality of inverters: receives a data frame transmitted through a previous inverter; selectively transmits the received data frame to a subsequent inverter; generates a data frame to be transmitted when data to be transmitted to a specific inverter occur; and transmits the generated data frame to a subsequent inverter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a meter capable of having communication security and a data transmitting/receiving system using the same, the system being such that a the server generates a public key and a private key corresponding to the public key, and transmits the public key to a meter, and the meter comprises a communication unit receiving the public key from a first communication unit, a frame generating unit encoding the data frame using the public key, and a controller controlling the communication unit to allow transmitting the encoded data frame.

Abstract: A circuit breaker according to the present disclosure includes a cradle having an accommodation space therein, the cradle having a plurality of terminals and a breaker main body having a plurality of terminal connectors contactable with the terminals, respectively, and a plurality of vacuum interrupters connected to the terminal connectors, respectively, the breaker main body being installed within the cradle to be movable between a connected position where the terminal connectors are connected to the terminals and a disconnected position where the terminal connectors are separated from the terminals. Each of the terminal connectors includes a plurality of segment conductors each having one end connected to the vacuum interrupter and the other end facing the terminal. According to the configuration, an amount of heat radiated may increase without an increase in an amount of copper used, thereby facilitating for cooling the terminal connectors.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to method for setting capacity of buffer, the method including initializing a plurality of sub-buffers forming a main buffer (initializing step), receiving a storage frequency and a remaining capacity from the plurality of sub-buffers and comparing the storage frequency with the remaining capacity (comparison data reception step), determining whether a current storage frequency of the plurality of sub-buffers and a past storage frequency are equal (data comparison step), calculating an allocation capacity of the plurality of sub-buffers (set capacity calculation step), and re-setting the capacity of the plurality of sub-buffers using the allocation capacity calculated by the setting capacity calculation step (capacity re-setting step).

Abstract: This specification relates to a bobbin wound with a wire. The bobbin disclosed herein includes a winding main body on which a wire is wound, and a flange section that protrudes from both end portions of the winding main body to form an accommodation space of the wire, wherein the winding main body includes a first winding portion and a second winding portion that are arranged such that central axes thereof are aligned with each other, and configured to be stepped from each other due to a difference of diameters thereof, and a stopping jaw that protrudes from a winding portion with a relatively great diameter of the first winding portion and the second winding portion, whereby the wire can be prevented from being fallen down or loosened while being wound.

Abstract: A data processing system includes a binary data detector having a hard decision output, a reliability calculator operable to calculate an error pattern reliability metric for each of a number of dominant error patterns associated with the hard decision output, and a converter operable to convert the error pattern reliability metrics to multi-level soft information.

Abstract: An instant trip device of a circuit breaker comprises a magnet; a supporter; an amateur provided between the magnet and the supporter and including a rotation center portion and a rotating part is disposed to be rotatable with respect to the rotation center portion; and an amateur spring configured to apply an elastic force in a direction where the rotating part of the amateur becomes farther away from the magnet, wherein a groove of which one side is opened is formed at the supporter to support the rotation center portion, wherein a boss is formed at the rotation center portion to be inserted into the groove, and wherein the amateur spring is an extension spring in which one end of the amateur spring is supported by a first hanger included in the supporter, and the other end is supported by a second hanger included in the rotating part.