Abstract: A control circuit for a tunable laser has a logic circuit configured to generate a plurality of digital control signals using a table of calibration parameters stored in that circuit. The logic circuit receives an input signal specifying, e.g., an optical communication channel, retrieves the corresponding parameter values from the table of calibration parameters, and generates the digital control signals that are digital-to-analog converted, amplified, and applied to the tunable laser. The table of calibration parameters may be custom-generated for each particular tunable laser to accommodate laser-to-laser variations. In addition, the table of calibration parameters may be periodically updated to correct for wavelength drifting due to laser aging. A control circuit of the invention can be configured to update the table of calibration parameters in a non-disruptive continuous manner while the tunable laser controlled by the circuit is used for data transmission.

Abstract: A control technique for a communication system in which a microcell base station is co-located with a macrocell base station. The microcell base station tracks hot spots as they move within the macrocell. The microcell base station may utilize a two-dimensional (2-D) antenna array, which is co-located with the macro cell antenna. The two-dimensional antenna is steerable in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The size of the microcell coverage area depends upon the distance from the cell site antenna as well as the dimensionality of the array, which determines the angular spread of the beam. Filter tap weights may be adjusted to point the beam to any desired location in the macrocell. The orthogonality between the macrocell and the microcell may be obtained either in the frequency domain or in the code domain, depending upon the system in which it is implemented.

Abstract: An exponentiation operation or other computational task associated with a cryptographic protocol is performed in a secure distributed manner using multiple machines, e.g., a client device and multiple servers of a computer network. The computational task is transformed by an originator machine before being sent to one or more external servers for execution. The transformation may include replication and dependency operations to provide robustness to errors in the computations performed by the external servers, and blinding and permutation operations to provide privacy for secret information associated with the computational task. The transformed computational task is executed by the one or more external servers, and the results of the transformed computational task are transmitted back to the originator machine. The originator machine transforms the results of the transformed computational task in a manner which permits verification that the one or more results are appropriate results for a given input.

Abstract: A tunable (reconfigurable) OADM provides multiple drop ports and multiple add ports by which desired channels can be removed from, or added to, a composite optical signal. In one embodiment, a programmable demultiplexer is arranged to receive an input signal containing components at x different wavelengths from an optical input port, and distribute the input signal components among K output ports. K?1 of the output ports are the “drop” ports of the OADM, and cumulatively contain w different wavelengths. The remaining port, which is the “through port” that carries the z wavelengths not dropped from the original input signal, is connected to the first port of an M port programmable multiplexer having M?1 other input ports. The remaining M?1 ports are the “add” ports of the OADM, which cumulatively receive v different wavelengths to be added by the OADM.

Abstract: A method of geolocation that is backward compatible and more accurate than the well-known Cell/Sector ID method is provided. The geolocation method provided comprises the steps of determining a set of candidate locations for the mobile-station based on a timing advance value associated with the mobile-station and determining a location of the mobile-station using the set of candidate locations and signal strength measurements associated with same cell-neighboring sectors or different cell-neighboring sectors.

Abstract: The present invention provides magnetic structure, particularly an isolation transformer, which includes a shield to prevent radiation of electromagnetic interference (“EMI”). The magnetic structure includes a support structure, or bobbin, on which are mounted windings formed from electrical conductors. The windings are electrically connected to termination points, which provide the electrical interconnections for the magnetic structure. A magnetic core can be included in the support structure to provide optimal magnetic properties to the device. An EMI shield formed from a metallic foil such as copper is wrapped around the winding to prevent the radiation of EMI. The EMI shield is connected to a shield pin in the support structure by a conductive strap such that the shield pin is electrically connectable to a fixed potential through a safety rated capacitor to provide a low impedance path for currents induced in the EMI shield.

Abstract: A method for improving an established Authentication and Key Agreement procedure which prevents rogue mobiles from fraudulently gaining access to a communication system. The communication system periodically broadcasts a challenge interrogation message requesting that a mobile, which is currently validated to use the system, to authenticate itself to the system. The mobile computes an authentication response based on information known only to the communication system and the USIM of the mobile and transmits said response to the communication system. The communication system also computes an authentication response and compares said response with that received from the mobile. A mobile is authenticated by the communication system when the two authentication responses are equal. Otherwise, the mobile is not given access to the communication system.

Abstract: A multiple-protocol home location register (MP HLR) comprises a processor, that generates network messages according to two or more network protocols and processes network requests and other messages to obtain information requested by two or more networks that support the two or more network protocols. One embodiment of the MP HLR (101) utilizes protocol gateways (211) that interpret network requests and generate, utilizing a common control procedures for multiple network protocols, queries to a database that provides a common source of data for supported networks. Another embodiment of an MP HLR (101) utilizes a mediation device (405) that generates and/or translates network messages according to multiple different network protocols and utilizes multiple HLRs (401, 403) or home agents, each supporting a different network protocol.

Abstract: Techniques and systems for design and use of generalized LDPC codes. A generalized LDPC code comprises a set of codewords producing valid results when submitted to a validator comprising a set of variable nodes and a set of check nodes, with outputs of the variable nodes being connected to inputs of the check nodes by interleaver edges. Each check node and variable node is in the form of a code, with the output of a node being valid if its inputs form a valid codeword. An extrinsic information transfer function (EXIT) chart is used to form a check node curve and a variable node curve is matched to the check node curve. The variable nodes are then constructed so as to provide the information transfer properties indicated by the variable node curve.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic field-effect transistor (OFET) and a method of fabricating the OFET. The OFET, configured to function as a p-type semiconductor, includes a substrate having a top surface and a semiconductor layer located over the top surface. The semiconductor layer comprises organic semiconductor molecules. Each of the organic semiconductor molecules includes a core having conjugated pi bonds, a fluorinated alkyl group, and an alkyl spacer group having a chain of two or more carbon atoms. One end of the chain is bonded to the fluorinated alkyl group and another end of the chain is bonded to the core. Substituents coupled to the carbon atoms have an electronegativity of less than about 4.

Abstract: In a radio telecommunications system such as GSM in which a serving node operates the leaky bucket algorithm to control flow of packet data to a packet control unit and a virtual queue of data is formed in the control unit, upper and lower triggers BVC(u), BVC(l) are provided on the queue, and when the queue reaches the upper trigger, the packet control unit sends a request to the node to alter the leak rate R of the leaky bucket algorithm so as to reduce the data flow rate. When the lower trigger BVC(l) is reached, the control unit sends values of R and of Bmax, the maximum bucket size of the leaky bucket algorithm, to the node so that the length of the virtual queue is maintained close to the value of Bmax. Bmax is proportional to the number of allocated timeslots.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of generating code for producing messages in a processor; the messages being in conformance with the ASN.1 (Abstract Syntax Notation.1). Standards of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), and the International Standards Organization (ISO). An ASYN software tool uses input describing protocol in the ASN.1 Standard, and uses a general script input to describe the rules for manipulating the ASN.1 inputs. The output of ASYN tool is used together with Application Programmer input describing the requirements for a specific application as inputs to a CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering) software tool development environment. The output of the CASE tool development environment is then used by a Compiler for the Object Processor which provides the messages. Advantageously, changes in the Application Programmer input can be compiled without further manual effort. Advantageously, once the general script input file has been created, changes in the ASN.

Abstract: An add/drop arrangement using broadband optical couplers provides a low-loss, highly flexible add/drop capability for survivable wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) ring networks. At each node in the ring having the broadband optical coupler-based add/drop element, a portion of optical signal power of the entire WDM signal (i.e., all optical channels) is tapped off so that one or more optical channels of particular wavelengths can be dropped at the node. Information (e.g., data) to be added at the node is supplied in an optical channel that is added to the WDM signal via the broadband coupler. Because the add/drop element uses a broadband coupler, another portion of optical signal power of the WDM signal, including any added optical channels, passes through the node onto the ring. Depending on the specific ring topology being used with the broadband coupler-based add/drop arrangement, additional wavelength assignment and handling measures may be required.

Abstract: An addressing scheme for a packet-based multiaccess mobile communications system, which includes a plurality of mobile user stations and a plurality of network nodes, is provided. In such addressing scheme, each mobile station is assigned an address which is a combination (preferably, a concatenation) of a unique identifier of a network node with which the mobile station is currently associated and an identifier of the mobile station. The network node identifiers may be uniquely assigned by a network administrator, while the identifiers of the mobile stations may, for example, be set to a universal MAC address assigned to the station. The address may also include a port identifier which indicates the particular application flow associated with the accompanying packets. Similarly, each network node is assigned an address which is a combination (preferably, a concatenation) of its network node identifier and, preferably, an interface identifier. The address may also include a port identifier.

Abstract: An advanced call monitoring feature which adds an active voice path only between the called party, e.g. a victim, and the monitoring party so remote location of the called party and the monitoring personnel. The active voice path allows monitoring personnel to give instructions or encouragement the called party during lulls in the conversation with the calling party, thus the law enforcement personnel can be actively engaged in the call between the calling party and the called party, even though the monitoring station may be many miles away. This new feature functionality enhances the capabilities and utility of CALEA monitoring.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention is an arrangement for establishing connectivity between the inputs and outputs of n ports in a switching system includes first and second matrices of cross points and a control circuit. The first matrix includes n×n cross points, each first matrix cross point establishing a unilateral path between two of the n ports. The second matrix includes n×n cross points, each second matrix cross point establishing a unilateral path between two of the n ports. The control circuit is associated with a first cross point of the first matrix and a complementary cross point of the second matrix, the first cross point operable to establish a unilateral path from a source port (i) to the destination port (j), the complementary cross point operable to establish a unilateral path from the destination port (j) to the source port (i).

Abstract: The specification describes a contact printing technique for forming patterns of thin films with nanometer resolution over large areas. The procedure, termed here “nanotransfer printing (nTP)”, relies on tailored surface chemistries for transferring thin films, typically metal films, from the raised regions of a stamp to a substrate when these two elements are brought into intimate physical contact. This technique is purely additive, it is fast (<15 s contact times), and the printing occurs in a single processing step at room temperature in open air. nTP is capable of producing patterns with a wide range of features with sizes down to ˜100 nm, and edge resolution better than 25 nm. Electrical contacts and interconnects have been fabricated for high performance organic thin film transistors (TFTs) and complementary inverter circuits, to demonstrate one of the many potential applications for nTP.

Abstract: A telecommunication system and method are disclosed. The telecommunication network is comprised of a plurality of peer communication devices coupled to a control system. Each of the communication devices collects performance data on its own performance and transfers the performance data to the control system. The control system, in response to receiving the performance data, processes the performance data from the communication devices to generate a performance file that indicates the performance of each of the communication devices. The control system transfers the performance file to each of the communication devices. Responsive to receiving the performance file, each of the communication devices processes the performance file to compare its performance to the performance of the other peer communication devices. Each of the communication devices may process the performance file to improve its performance.

Abstract: A method of controlling a network (115) through which information is transmitted in channels (?1, ?2, . . . ?n) among nodes includes: (a) providing at a node a device (108) for removing from the network (115) and replacing on the network (115) a selected one (?i) of the channels, the device (108) including a first input port from the network (115) to the node and a first output port from the node to the network (115); (b) taking a measure of the strength (P?iDROP) of the received channel (?iDROP); (c) regenerating the channel (?iIN); (d) adjusting (114) the strength (P?iADD) of the regenerated channel (?iIN) to approximate the strengths of the remaining channels ((?1, ?2, . . . ?n)-?i; and (e) combining the regenerated and strength-adjusted channel (?iADD) with the remaining channels ((?1, ?2, . . . ?n)-?i) at the output port.

Abstract: In a UMTS system, the AICH is arranged to send, in addition to signals acknowledging that a preamble (164) from a mobile (12) is at an acceptable strength, further signals (171, 176) acknowledging message signals (168, 178) from the mobile. Preferably the further signal (171) is a negative acknowledgement signal, indicating that a message (168) is corrupted. Application of the invention avoids the involvement of layer (2) in message acknowledgement.