Abstract: In a non-commutating-pole commutator motor, in particular as the drive of a power hand tool, a device for reversing the direction of rotation includes a switch (8) for reversing the direction of current in the rotor winding, and a brush apparatus (4) mounted immovably in the motor casing. The rotation of the plane defined by the commutating coils is chosen in such a manner that good commutation is assured in one of the two directions of rotation at full motor output. Furthermore, the switch (8) for reversing the direction of rotation yields the preferred direction of rotation in a first switch position and the opposite direction in a second switch position. In the switch position for the preferred direction, a smaller number of turns of the field winding (1, 2) in the electric circuit of the motor is effectively provided while, in the opposite direction of rotation of the motor, a larger number of turns is effectively provided.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method for the catalytic conversion of alkanes and alkylhydroperoxides to oxygenates, particularly alcohols, comprising the oxidation of alkanes to yield alkylhydroperoxides, alcohols, other reaction products and unreacted alkane, and the decomposition of said alkylhydroperoxides to form alcohols and oxygen. Decomposition of the alkylhydroperoxide in the presence of unreacted alkane increases the yield of alcohol. The process further comprises drying of the reaction mixture comprising alkylhydroperoxide. Suitable catalysts for the process of the invention comprise metal containing catalysts, including metal organic ligand catalysts such as unsubstituted and substituted metal complexes of porphyrins, phthalocyanines and acetylacetonates.

Abstract: A gripping device or the like, particularly for gripping hot pans. First and second movable members are formed by molding with structural plastic material. One of the members has an integral pivot post extending laterally and defining a pivot axis. The other movable member has an integral tubular pivot member, arranged for a close fit reception over the pivot post to pivotally join the two movable members. The pivot post has an annular groove, and the tubular pivot member includes a plurality of integral, resilient locking tabs having portions projecting radially inward at a shallow angle to the pivot axis. The two movable members are assembled by forcing the tubular pivot member over the pivot post. The locking tabs are resiliently displaced outwardly during the assembly, and snap into place in the annular groove to positively lock the two parts together.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus is provided for an AC generator, particularly for a transverse-flow generator having a stator with at least one armature winding, as well as a rotor disposed opposite the armature winding. Collector rings are secured to a carrier disk attached to a rotor shaft. The collector rings have a plurality of polarized magnets and magnetizable collector elements in alternating sequence disposed therein. At least one cooling channel through which a coolant can flow is provided in the vicinity of the carrier disk. The cooling channel is separated from the carrier disk only by a channel cover which has a minimal thickness and by the air gap between the rotor and the stator.

Abstract: The invention concerns a vehicle seat, in particular for aircraft, comprising: a cushion made of plastic foam, a supporting body of an open-cell, resilient plastic foam with a first relative density; a middle layer with a second relative density different from the first; and a covering material. The layers are bonded together. A flame-resistant intermediate layer may be arranged between the supporting body and the covering material. The intermediate layer may be formed from a lattice or mesh of high temperature-resistant fibers or threads. The middle layer (18) is a nonwoven fabric of at least one fiber layer of needled or thermally bonded fibers or threads of synthetic and/or natural materials which are preferably applied to a carrier layer by needling.

Abstract: The invention concerns a shaft-hub joint between two equiaxial machine parts for transmission of high torques in a power train--a first machine part on the power input end and a second machine part of the power output end. The machine parts are joined to each other in a fashion movable relative to each other but rotationally fixed, and a positive-locking overload relief mechanism is provided between the machine parts, the individual locking elements of which are prestressed in the sense of locking. The overload relief mechanism locks the two machine parts against axial thrust up to a specific adjustable limit value whereby the positive locking will be eliminated when the limit value is exceeded. The interlocking elements comprise bolts with a head surface beveled in wedge fashion.

Abstract: A sport shoe or boot comprises an integral outer shoe including a plurality of shaped portions of at least two different synthetic resin materials, adjacent portions of different synthetic resin materials being interconnected in overlapping transition areas shaped to fit each other. The outer shoe is manufactured by injecting the different synthetic resin materials in plasticized condition and at staggered intervals into a mold cavity at pre-selected portions thereof, permitting the injected synthetic resin materials to harden in the mold cavity to form the integral outer shoe, and removing the outer shoe from the mold cavity.

Abstract: A pre-load indicating washer for properly tensioning a joint held together by an externally threaded member and an internally threaded member. The pre-load indicating washer has a plurality of protuberances, struck and partially sheared from the annular body of the washer, which are pushed under load back into a corresponding number of indentations in the annular body which are formed when the protuberances are formed. The protuberances of the pre-load indicating washer are curved in outline with no portion of the protuberances extending radially outward beyond the outer periphery of the bearing surface of an externally threaded member when the pre-load indicating washer is positioned adjacent the externally threaded member, or radially outward beyond the outer periphery of the bearing surface of an internally threaded member when the pre-load indicating washer is positioned adjacent the internally threaded member.

Abstract: In a cellular telephone system, mobile station measurements of received signal strength on each reference frequency are made in order to select a cell. At call set-up in or handoff to that cell, a voice frequency is selected by the system to carry the communication. A determination is then made as to whether the antenna used for the reference frequency is the same as that used by the selected voice frequency. From this determination, actions are taken as needed to address concerns over potential differences in broadcast coverage areas for the antennas. For example, an alternate voice frequency using the same antenna as the reference frequency may be chosen. Further, a test broadcast may be made on the selected voice frequency for comparison to the received signal strength on the reference frequency in order to confirm the selection of the cell and use of the selected voice frequency.

Abstract: A calibration process for setting the switching point of a sensor which produces an output signal depending on whether a switching point has been exceeded or has not been reached by a sensor signal produced by a condition being sensed exceeds the switching point, and in which the value of the switching point is determined using the values of the sensor signal in the uninfluenced and in the influenced state. Operating reliability of the sensor is improved by determining the location of the switching point during the calibration process under the condition of essentially identical operating reserves of the sensor in the uninfluenced and in the influenced state.

Abstract: An oscillating circuit including a capacitor, a charge circuitry and a control circuitry. The charge circuitry includes first and second current generators having respectively first and second current values that are opposite in direction and a switching circuit designed to couple alternately the generators to the capacitor. The control circuitry has a voltage input coupled to the capacitor and an output coupled to control inputs of the switching circuit and includes a comparator with hysteresis having a lower threshold and an upper threshold. The difference between the upper threshold and the lower threshold is chosen to be substantially proportional to the ratio of the product to the sum of the two current values such that the oscillation frequency and the duty cycle do not depend on the supply voltage, the temperature and the process.

Abstract: A transport wagon (50) for transporting track panels (53) has a wagon frame (56) which may be supported on on-track undercarriages (54) or alternatively on off-track undercarriages (55) and which has a loading surface (57) for laying down the track panel (53). The wagon frame (56) is composed of a main frame part (62) having two on-track undercarriages (54) and two off-track undercarriages (55) and two auxiliary frames (60,61) connected to the main frame part (62) by means of a universal joint (63). The said auxiliary frame has at its end remote from the joint (63) an on-track undercarriage (54) and a vertically adjustable off-track undercarriage (55).

Abstract: Device for centering and clamping a component (1) with a view to lapping it, comprising a rest (10) for applying the component (1) against a fixed stop (3), a first piston (7) with a long stroke and a second piston (8) with a short stroke interposed between the rest (10) and the first piston (7), anti-rotation means (18) for the component (1), a blocking element (12) for blocking the first piston (7) relative to its cylinder (6), as desired, and controls for, in succession,a)--advancing the two pistons (7, 8) in order to clamp the component (1),b)--blocking the first piston (7) relative to its cylinder (6) using the blocking element (12),c)--retracting the second piston (8) in order to unclamp the component (1),d)--introducing the lap (4) into the component (1) immobilized by the anti-rotation means (18) and, driving it in rotation, expanding the lap (4) until a pre-determined torque is established between the lap (4) and the component (1) ande)--advancing the second piston (8) in order to reclamp the centere

Abstract: A two-wire former for producing a web of fibrous material, in particular a paper web, is designed as a gap-former with the following characteristics: a first and a second wires form together a twin wire; a headbox injects the pulp directly between the two wires; at least one first dewatering zone consists in the advance direction of a curved, non-rotary, interrupted surface, for example, a forming shoe or several strips that form together a surface. The invention is characterized in that a convex dewatering element that starts directly at the point of impact of the jet of pulp is provided at the beginning of the first dewatering zone, seen in the advance direction, and has at least two curvature radii Ri in contact with the wires. Both curvature radii Ri are smaller than the curvature radius Ri+1 that follows them in the advance direction.

Abstract: Ornamental display device for simulating snowfall over a display object or scene positioned within a housing comprises a liquid filled compartment rotatably arranged within the housing. The compartment includes first and second opposed sidewalls having aligned transparent portions defining a sealed interior cavity for receiving the liquid. The liquid within the cavity is substantially transparent and a plurality of snow-simulating flake particles are dispersed within the liquid. Blade members radially arranged within the compartment are oriented at a predetermined angle so as to transport flake particles from the lower zone of the cavity to the upper zone as the compartment is rotated. The transparent sidewall portions are aligned with the display object or scene so that the object or scene can be viewed during continuous recirculation of the flake particles.

Abstract: A novel avirulent strain of Geotrichum candidum has been isolated which is effective to inhibit growth of postharvest pathogens on fruit. In use, protection from postharvest fruit-rots may be afforded by application of an effective amount of the strain onto the surface of fruit.

Abstract: This invention involves a method of optically whitening clay minerals to transform their natural yellow tint to increased whiteness. Generally, it has been found that clay materials having low cation exchange capability can be directly reacted with very small amounts of cationic dyes, the apparent whiteness of said clay minerals being substantially increased thereby.

Abstract: A machine for treating a ballast bed underneath a track comprises a machine frame extending in a longitudinal direction and supported on the track by undercarriages for movement in an operating direction, a suction unit mounted on the machine frame, the suction unit comprising a vertically and laterally adjustable suction pipe having a suction opening for aspirating ballast from the ballast bed, a conveyor band arranged on the machine frame to convey the aspirated ballast away from the suction unit, and a ballast discharge device mounted on the machine frame rearwardly of the suction pipe in the operating direction, the ballast discharge device comprising a hopper. A conveyor arrangement extends in the longitudinal direction on the machine frame and has an input end arranged to receive the aspirated ballast from the conveyor band and an output end arranged to discharge the aspirated ballast into the hopper.

Abstract: A track renewal machine comprises an elongated machine frame supported on undercarriages for mobility in an operating direction, a device for receiving ties of an old track mounted on the machine frame, a device for planing the ballast bed mounted on the machine frame, the planing device comprising a planing shield extending transversely to the machine frame and two transversely spaced boundary shields extending in the longitudinal direction at respective sides of the planing shield, and a device for laying ties of a new track mounted on the machine frame and positioned between the boundary shields.