Abstract: The printer is provided for alternative use with long webs or individual, precut forms; it includes two friction roll drives adjacent to the print head and platen, and a sprocket drive upstream, being permanently engaged with a perforated web. The drives operate in synchronism but do not participate in all operations. Printing on the web is carried out after advancing the web by one form length and retracting it during stop and go printing. Switches control access to a bypass, the insert for a single form, and a receiver tray, into which any printed form drops.

Abstract: An engine driven shaft is connected to an input gear of the transmission which, in turn, is geared to a power branching cascade, providing either for axial branching first followed by lateral branching or a reverse sequence of branching, obtaining in either case four outputs provided by pinions which mesh in pairs two large spur gears for re-combining all branches. These large spur gears are on a common shaft which is the transmission output.

Abstract: An axle body is made by extruding a blank for forward extruding a neck portion and backward extruding a hollow shell portion, a transition zone is also produced by forward extrusion; the resulting shell portion is rolled into a nonround cross section, of, possibly, different wall thickness; two such shell portions are welded at their respective ends.

Abstract: Plural dies for stepwise drawing a hollow blank on a mandrel are spaced so that a downstream die is placed at a location where the drawing strain from the previous die has been reduced to zero because the tensile stress in the deforming zone is balanced by adhesion to the mandrel.

Abstract: The feeder and the rolls are operated by separate cranks to avoid obstruction of the area in which the hollows are connected to the feeder. The two cranks are either separately driven or connected to a common drive; in either case, synchronism is maintained, and, preferably, an alternating retarding and advance component of movement is superimposed on one crank in relation to the other so that the feeder drive can take up some of the deforming work.

Abstract: Iron oxide powder, e.g., ore, is reduced in a CO/N.sub.2 atmosphere at a temperature between 750.degree. to 1200.degree. C., whereby prior to the onset of precipitation of metallic iron the content of H.sub.2 is limited to 15% (vol) of the CO content, and SO.sub.2, H.sub.2 S, COS or another suitable gaseous sulphur compound is developed or maintained in the reducing atmosphere at a range from 0.0005 to 0.1% (vol), preferably 0.001 to 0.01% (vol) in relation to the CO content.

Abstract: Ingots or castings are supported by fairly closely spaced rollers. The resulting spaces adjacent to exposed surface portions of the ingot or casting are filled with atomized water to generate a fog or mist being retained so that as much water droplets as possible vaporize by heat radiation from the ingot or casting, supplemented by radiation from the adjacent roller surfaces.

Abstract: Ingots to be cooled from above and below arrive on a reversible roller track and are moved back and forth for different lengths so that the ingot advances stepwise in the forward direction. Longer dwell times are interposed on each reversal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for calibrating and recalibrating a photometric measurement instrument which supervises the presence of dust in a particular location as produced by a process during which dust is developed on an irregular basis. The method is characterized in that the calibration is initiated upon the detection of a condition in which dust concentration is expected to be low. In a steel-making process, such a condition occurs upon termination of the blowing phase of a converter. In the case of smoke in a flue, such a condition occurs when there is an absence of gas flow in the flue.

Abstract: The tundish is mounted on a frame which can be lifted in relation to a carriage. A holder for a casting pipe is either positioned on the frame to be lifted therewith or on the carriage to be controlled in synchronism with the frame lifting so that the pipe retains its position relative to the tundish.

Abstract: The roller track for moving large pipes through a tempering furnace includes two pairs of relatively closely spaced, resiliently mounted rollers disposed in the end zone of the furnace, where any portion of the pipe passing through is hot and has minimum strength on account of the heating.

Abstract: Fourfold power branching for each propulsion mode (forward and reverse) requires recombining on a single output shaft which is carried out via two large gears mounted separately on axially spaced hollow shafts, one being traversed by the output shaft whose end is coupled centrally to the facing ends of the two hollow shafts by two gear couplings with crowned teeth.

Abstract: A tubular sleeve with reflector body, water ingress and venting openings is used to produce specific echoes of a test signal launched by an inserted transducer. Amplitude and transit times of the element serve as a transferable standard.

Abstract: Two hydraulic brakes or clutches being primary users, are alternately, delayedly, hydraulically energized from a constant volumetric flow rate pump feeding also a secondary user via a pressure controller with a differential piston operated by feedback ducts from the primary users via a throttle valve. The latter valve is bypassed through a check valve for undelayed de-energization. A selector valve is disposed between the branch point for the secondary user and upstream as to energizing fluid from the feedback connection to the primary user. The pressure controller is described further as to several structural details.

Abstract: A process for bending large pipes comprises the steps of progressively and inductively heating the wall of a pipe within the region to be bent. The penetration depth of the heat energy is varied over the circumference of the pipe through shielding. The inner radius of the pipe to be heated may initially be heated before the entire wall is differentially heated. Apparatus for carrying out the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: A roll or roller for urging extruded thermoplastic strip onto an axially advancing, rotating pipe is constructed from a silicon rubber core with a shore hardness of 40 and having a softer silicon rubber jacket with a shore hardness not exceeding 30. The core is traversed by axial bores.

Abstract: A parallelogram-like collapsible frame has centering rolls in opposite corners for engaging one roll each per track and across the track path; these centering rolls establish a center line of reference on which one or two, straight or curved rulers are pivoted to engage other track rollers, and the angle of pivoting represents the radius of curvature or a deviation from a desired radius.

Abstract: The system includes a plurality of individually selectable transmitter and receiver channels, a common controller and a common acquisition unit constructed to operate on the basis of parameters which are furnished to the controller and the unit as input signals. Some of the parameters are held in a memory and are withdrawn on the basis of test identification numbers to set up the acquisition unit. The acquisition unit has a transit time counter and two parallel operating looking window generators and several comparator stages, operating under utilization of such parameters. The data as acquired by a test, are accumulated and processed to determine new parameters, if necessary, and feeding them to the memory. The controller conducts the tests on the basis of sequencing the system through a group of test identification numbers, and provides also launch delay and receiving delays on the basis of externally, updatable parameters.

Abstract: An internally cooled mandrel is provided with regularly arranged copper fingers projecting into the inner flow space and leaving a recess adjacent the outer surface which is filled with buildup. These fingers are arranged in axial rows in which the pins are staggeredly positioned.

Abstract: Six planets in a planetary gear are arranged in groups of two each wherein the planets of two groups are similarly spaced, the spacing of the two planets in the third group is larger but still smaller than the spacing from group to group. The radial lines of symmetry of the three groups are angularly spaced by 120.degree..