Abstract: A curved withdrawal path for a casting is outlined by widely spaced rolls cooperating with individual segments holding more rolls and being radially retractible. The widely spaced rolls and the rolls on the segments compliment each other so that all rolls on the withdrawal path are equidistantly spaced.

Abstract: The rolls in a straightening machine are arranged in an upper and a lower row each being associated with a gear, and these gears establish groups of three wherein one gear pertains to one row and drives the two others pertaining to the respective other row. The one gear of each group is on a shaft that is driven by a larger gear and these larger gears are correspondingly arranged in two rows. One of these larger gears receives driving input through a speed reducing gear from a drive motor, and meshes two of the larger gears but of the respective other row. A bypass gear drivingly links that one larger gear with a fourth one but being associated with the same row. The fourth and one of the two gears mesh with play.

Abstract: A storage facility with spaced apart shelf frames has a two tower crane between respective two frames which are spaced by about a container width. Each tower of the crane has a motor driven carriage and an up and down moving elevator with laterally extensible holders for containers. The spacing between the two towers is defined by distance adjustable connectors, which provide for fine tower positioning and locking to adjust the tower spacing to different container lengths.

Abstract: Two photoelements with inputs for different wave lengths of radiation from a common source are serially connected individually to the inputs of high gain inverting amplifiers with feedback to adjust the voltage across the photoelement to zero, so that the outputs of the amplifiers are proportional to the short circuit currents through the photoelements. An algebraic calculating circuit forms the ratio of the outputs of the amplifier and provides for indication and/or control. The effectiveness of this ratio output is controlled in dependence upon proper orientation to the radiation emitting source.

Abstract: Iron oxide particles are made by spray calcination and the oxide is reduced at least substantially in CO at temperatures between 800.degree. and 1000.degree. C. The oxide is heat-treated prior to calcination or CaO is added to enhance formation of iron fibers. The reducing atmosphere may in parts include hydrogen or the last phase of reduction is carried out in hydrogen. The iron cake is cooled and broken up in a grinder. The resulting powder has low bulk density due to a fiber-like, non-porous consistency of its particles. Grinding may continue to increase bulk density.

Abstract: A steel pipe with longitudinal welding seam is wrapped helically by means of a polyethylene ribbon which is normally stretched, but temporary stretch relief provides for a thicker envelope above and adjacent to the seam. A ribbon deflector roll and a pressure roll provide the stretching through a speed differential which is changed as stretch relief.

Abstract: Waste, preferably in a pre-dried state, is passed through a carbonizing oven chamber, from the top towards the bottom and is carbonized therein through interaction with a counter flow of heated gas; that gas together with carbonization gas is taken from the chamber and pre-cleaned (to remove condensates); a portion of the pre-cleaned gas is heated and used as carbonization producing and sustaining gas; the remainder of the pre-cleaned gas is washed and used otherwise, for example, as combustion fuel in a heater for the pre-cleaned gas that will then be used as carbonizing agent. The carbonizing oven chamber can be of various construction such as a pit furnace or a revolving oven. Preferred is to commence carbonization of waste in the chamber through a thermo shock.

Abstract: A thermoplastic coupler sleeve for interconnecting tubes or pipes is made by extruding thermoplastic material, e.g., polyethylene, to make a ribbon, and wrapping the ribbon around a heater coil in as many layers as needed to obtain the sleeve.

Abstract: The drive system includes a motor or engine whose output shaft is connected to the input shaft of a transmission, e.g. speed reducing gear, via an elastic coupling and a clutch, in that order. The input element of the coupling sits directly on the motor or engine shaft; the output element (ring) of the coupling is suspended in cardan fashion, possibly together with the input element of the clutch, by means of an additional elastic coupling which has one part secured to the clutch input and the other part is connected either to a bell shaped structure which is journalled in the transmission casing or to the output element of the motor coupled coupling. The two parts of the additional coupling are interconnected through annularly arranged elastic sleeves. The bell shaped structure can be used in either case, and extends from a hollow shaft being traversed by the transmission shaft and driving auxiliary equipment independantly from the operational state of the clutch.

Abstract: The heating unit is constructed from two horizontally reciprocating parts having complementary recesses to define several, vertically stacked, cylindrical heating chambers, each with a central heating core extending from a common rear wall plate. The arrangement is movable in axial direction to receiving tube ends positioned in aligned and vertically stacked, horizontal position, in front of the heating chambers. Conveyor and transport facilities move tubes laterally in and out of these positions and cause each of them to be heated, in sequence, in all of the chambers.

Abstract: A shaft carrying a cutter head is bolted to the output shaft of a speed reducer gear in coaxial configuration and having a casing journalled on the shaft. The casing carries plural drive motors and the gear has a combining stage as input. The shafts are mounted in thrust and pendulum bearings in a frame and the casing is held against rotation on that frame. The output stage of the gear is a planetary gear with a spider from which extends the output shaft and a hollow shaft and in opposite directions. The casing is journalled on the shaft by bearings engaging the hollow shaft and the output shaft at opposite sides of the spider.

Abstract: Moisture testing instruments for use in heaped, loose material include a neutron source and a detector. The instrument is calibrated by duplicating the test volume as calibrating container and by radiometrically as well as gravimetrically detecting the moisture content, which is varied either by evaporation while the moisture is spread or by adding determined quantities of water.

Abstract: An iron powder is compressed into a disintegrating bullet used for practice ammunition. The powder having a predetermined particle dimension is obtained by atomizing a molten mass of steel with pressurized water. The powder is annealed subsequently, then crushed, scrubbed and sieved to obtain particles at a size preferably between 0.4 to 1 mm.

Abstract: Apparatus for feeding and distributing a steel melt into a continuous casting mould for slabs includes a pouring vessel with outlet apertures in its bottom wall. Immersion outlet elements depend from said vessel in registry with its outlet apertures, and extend down through the bath surface level in the mould and have lateral outlets. A pair of immersion outlets extend into said mould, and have an internal cross-section greater than the apertures in the pouring vessel, with their bottoms closed. Said immersion outlets each have a pair of lateral outlets of different cross-sectional area, on opposite sides thereof, longitudinally offset with respect to each other. One of the outlet apertures is larger in cross section than the other and is directed towards the center of the mould. Smaller outlet apertures are one-third to one-fifth of the cross-sectional area of the larger outlet apertures. Said outlet apertures are directed obliquely upward.

Abstract: A mold for continuous casting of slab ingots is constructed to have wide sides which extend lower than the narrow sides leaving gaps below the bottom edges of the narrow mold sides in which rolls are placed for engaging the emerging narrow side of the ingot held in the same level still by the wide sides of the mold. The force exerted by these rolls upon the ingot is related to the thickness thereof.